2020年3月23日 星期一

unbroken, similar, Viral shedding


Bushfires could not stop it. Nor could a fall in house prices, the global financial crisis or the dotcom bust

a bond  unbroken



How bad can the coronavirus pandemic get in the US? The key question right now is how similar the US will be to Italy.

Viral shedding in coronavirus patients takes longer than thought
https://s.nikkei.com/39embKh


ASIA.NIKKEI.COM

Viral shedding in coronavirus patients takes longer than thought
Researchers say median duration for expulsion in s




Equifinality is the principle that in open systems a given end state can be reached by many potential means. The term is due to Ludwig von Bertalanffy, the founder of General Systems Theory. He prefers this term, in contrast to "goal", in describing complex systems' similar or convergent behavior. It emphasizes that the same end state may be achieved via many different paths or trajectories. In closed systems, a direct cause-and-effect relationship exists between the initial condition and the final state of the system: When a computer's 'on' switch is pushed, the system powers up. Open systems (such as biological and social systems), however, operate quite differently. The idea of equifinality suggests that similar results may be achieved with different initial conditions and in many different ways. [1]
In business, equifinality implies that firms may establish similar competitive advantages based on substantially different competencies.
In psychology, equifinality refers to how different early experiences in life (e.g., parental divorcephysical abuse, parental substance abuse) can lead to similar outcomes (e.g., childhood depression). In other words, there are many different early experiences that can lead to the same psychological disorder.
In archaeology, equifinality refers to how different historical processes may lead to a similar outcome or social formation. For example, the development of agriculture or the bow and arrow occurred independently in many different areas of the world, yet for different reasons and through different historical trajectories. Highlights that generalizations based on cross-cultural comparisons cannot uncritically be made.
In geomorphology, the term equifinality indicates that similar landforms might arise as a result of quite different sets of processes.
In environmental modeling studies, and especially in hydrological modeling, two models are equifinal if they lead to an equally acceptable or behavioral representation of the observed natural processes. It is a key concept to assess how uncertain hydrological predictions are.


kept
Meaning #1: (especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded
Synonym: unbroken


similar
adjective
UK 
 /ˈsɪm.ɪ.lər/ US 
 
/ˈsɪm.ə.lɚ/
B1
looking or being almost, but not exactly, the same:
My father and I have similar views on politics.
bought some new shoes which are very similar to a pair I had before.
Paul is very similar in appearance to his brother.

Viral shedding 病毒脫落是指在宿主細胞感染過程中成功繁殖後病毒後代的排出和釋放。一旦複製完成並且宿主細胞耗盡了產生病毒後代的所有資源,病毒可能會通過幾種方法開始離開細胞。[1]

該術語用來指從單個細胞脫落,從身體的一部分脫落到身體的另一部分,[2],並從身體脫落到病毒可能感染其他身體的環境中。[3]


內容
1通過芽接
2通過凋亡
3通過胞吐作用
4傳染性
5參考





shed (GET RID OF) 
verb [T] shedding, shed, shed
1 (often used in newspapers) to get rid of something you do not need or want:
900 jobs will be shed over the next few months.
Psychotherapy helped him to shed some of his insecurity/inhibitions.
I'm going on a diet to see if I can shed (= become thinner by losing) a few kilos.

2 to lose a covering, such as leaves, hair or skin, because it falls off naturally, or to drop something in a natural or accidental way:
The trees shed their leaves in autumn.
They ran down to the sea, shedding clothes as they went.
UK A lorry had shed a load of gravel across the road.



shed
v., shed, shed·ding, sheds. v.tr.
To cause to pour forth: shed tears.
To diffuse or radiate; send forth or impart: shed light.
To repel without allowing penetration: A duck's feathers shed water.
To lose by natural process: a snake shedding its skin.
To rid oneself of (something not wanted or needed): I shed 25 pounds as a result of my new diet.
v.intr.
To lose a natural growth or covering by natural process.
To pour forth, fall off, or drop out: All the leaves have shed.
n.
Something that sheds, especially an elevation in the earth's surface from which water flows in two directions; a watershed.
Something that has been shed.
idiom:
shed blood
To take life, especially with violence; kill.
[Middle English sheden, to separate, shed, from Old English scēadan, to divide.]


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