2020年3月29日 星期日

meta-, soused, metamaterials, metacognition, precognition, metonymy, call metadata, hangover,



Google is using artificial intelligence to accelerate artificial intelligence. So meta
TECHNOLOGYREVIEW.COM

Google is using AI to design chips that will accelerate AI
A new reinforcement-learning algorithm has learned to optimize the placement
“My paper is full, and I have a grievous headache.” —Lord Byron

In a letter from October 31, 1815, Lord Byron recounting a drunken…
THEPARISREVIEW.ORG|由 DAN PIEPENBRING 上傳



C.I.A. Is Said to Pay AT&T for Call Data

By CHARLIE SAVAGE

The disclosure shows that agencies beyond the N.S.A. exploit call metadata with programs regulated by an inconsistent patchwork of legal standards, procedures and oversight.

 Collaborating Across Cultures
Learning to collaborate creatively with people from other cultures is a vital skill in today's business environment, says professor Roy Y.J. Chua, whose research focuses on a key measure psychologists have dubbed "cultural metacognition."


At Tufts, Dr. Omenetto’s work on patterning silk has led to even more exotic potential applications. Among the latest, developed with colleagues at Boston University, is the idea of using silk as the basis for metamaterials, which can manipulate light or other electromagnetic radiation in ways that nature ordinarily cannot. By producing intricate structures in the films and depositing metal on them, metamaterial antennas may be produced that could be used inside the body as a means of monitoring health — the signal from the antenna changing as conditions inside the body change.
Such applications may be far off, Dr. Omenetto said, but the potential is vast — a fact he realized when he was first asked to poke holes in silk. “It looked like a cool optical material,” he said. “And I haven’t been sleeping that much ever since.”



In a print and outdoor campaign, with a budget estimated at $7 million to $8 million, Appleton Estate Jamaica Rum is urging consumers to “Sip up.” The goal of the humorous campaign, by DeVito/Verdi in New York, is to woo those who typically drink so-called brown goods like pricey Scotches and whiskys by presenting two varieties of Appleton Estate brown rums as good enough to imbibe on their own.


Wachovia
on Tuesday reported a $8.9 billion loss for the second quarter and slashed its stock dividend to 5 cents per share from 37.5 cents, as the giant lender continued to suffer from the crisis in the credit markets and the hangover from its purchase of Golden West Financial in 2006.

'Everyday Drinking,' by Kingsley Amis: Properly Soused

這篇承小讀者幫忙找到
原在陳巨擘先生從紐約時報看天下:
"大家好:我們好久沒有一起品酒了,這個星期我們來讀一篇有關品酒的文章過過癮。這篇登在第一版最底下:Mischievous Odes to the Joys of Drinking by Dwight Garner.
這 篇文章基本上是已故英國小說家 Kingsley Amis最近有人幫他出版的一本書(由已絕版的三本書結合而成)"Everyday Drinking" 的書評。這本書告訴讀者如何喝酒喝得很有品味,同時也告訴讀者如何解決宿醉(hangover) 的問題。有趣的是,Amis把宿醉分成 physical hangover(身體的宿醉)和 metaphysical hangover(形而上的宿醉)。其中以解決形而上的宿醉最有趣。Amis建議去讀米爾頓的《失樂園》、索忍尼辛的小說等等。什麼是形而上的宿醉?大家 可以從文章裡找到答案。大家要注意的是,metaphysical 這個形容詞雖然是 meta + physical,它的名詞是 metaphysics。但 physical 這個字可以表示身體的,也可以表示自然法則,所以自然科學或物理科學是 physical science。所以,metaphysical hangover大家就可以從這兩方面去聯想,英文常有這種雙關的含意,很難用中文去傳達,體會就好,不必去追究確切的意思。
另外標題上的 mischievous有頑皮和惡意兩種意思,這兩種行為好像只有一線之隔,很有意思。大家可以看看作者的用意是前者還是後者?還是兩者都有?"

HC 幫忙查字典


hangover (ILLNESS) Show phonetics
noun [C]
a feeling of illness after drinking too much alcohol:
I had a terrible hangover the next morning.
a hangover cure
See also hung-over.
(CONTINUING)
noun [C]
something that continues from an earlier time:
The present political system is a hangover from the nineteenth century colonial era.

 imbibe 
verb
1 [I or T] FORMAL OR HUMOROUS to drink, especially alcohol:
Have you been imbibing again?

2 [T] to receive and accept information, etc.souse Show phonetics
verb [T]
to put something into a liquid, or to make something completely wet

soused 
adjective
1 (of fish) preserved in salty water or vinegar:
soused herring/mackerel

2 OLD-FASHIONED INFORMAL drunk



meta-
Word element. [Gr.]
1. change, transformation, exchange.
2. after, next.
3. the 1,3-position in derivatives of benzene.

met・a-

━━ pref. 「のちに,変化して,越えた,共に」の意; 【化】メタ ((ベンゼン置換体で置換基が1,3位にあることを示す)).



meta-
or met-
pref.「のちに」「ともに」「変化して」.
    1. Later in time: metestrus.
    2. At a later stage of development: metanephros.
  1. Situated behind: metacarpus.
    1. Change; transformation: metachromatism.
    2. Alternation: metagenesis.
    1. Beyond; transcending; more comprehensive: metalinguistics.
    2. At a higher state of development: metazoan.
  2. Having undergone metamorphosis: metasomatic.
    1. Derivative or related chemical substance: metaprotein.
    2. Of or relating to one of three possible isomers of a benzene ring with two attached chemical groups, in which the carbon atoms with attached groups are separated by one unsubstituted carbon atom: meta-dibromobenzene.
[Greek, from meta, beside, after.]



metonymy
(mə-tŏn'ə-mē)

n.pl. -mies. 轉喻
A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated, as in the use of Washington for the United States government or of the sword for military power.
[Late Latin metōnymia, from Greek metōnumiā : meta-, meta- + onuma, name.]

 precognition

Knowledge of an event before it occurs.
Synonyms:foreknowledge
Usage:Many envied Maya's ability to know the future, but she considered her precognition a burden and a curse.


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