2023年8月29日 星期二

double down, doublespeak 雙言巧語, irony, Bluetongue disease



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In 2015, 193 world leaders agreed to 17 Sustainable Development Goals to end poverty, fight inequality, and stop climate change by 2030.

We’re halfway there—it’s time to double down on our commitment to achieving the Global Goals. #Goalkeepers2030

More than 850 cows that have spent two months at sea on a ship crossing the Mediterranean are facing slaughter, following a report from Spanish vets





NEWS.SKY.COM
Over 850 cows on pariah ship in Mediterranean facing slaughter after bluetongue fears


HKFP_Voices: "Who would have thought that George Orwell’s definition of doublespeak in his famous novel, 1984, would seem so inadequate? But then he could not have known the new heights to which the Chinese Communist Party regime would take irony," writes the UK's Lord Shinkwin.


If you hate: loft living; bar-clubs; Tony Blair; chick lit; global warming sceptics; Keane; loyalty cards; IKEA; Kabbalah; bling and Richard Curtis...
... then you need IS IT JUST ME OR IS EVERYTHING SHIT? - an encylopedic attack on modern culture and the standard reference work for everyone who believes everything is shit. Which it is. This book is for the large percentage of the population interested in saying NO to the phoney ideas, cretinous people, useless products and doublespeak that increasingly dominate our lives. This book is designed for everyone who thinks they may have mislaid their soul in a Coffee Republic. Never before has there been a book so completely full of shit.
This very funny, well-informed, belligerent rant of a book adds up to an excoriating broadside against consumer capitalism that the authors hope will sell loads of copies.


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Bluetongue disease is a noncontagiousinsect-borneviral disease of ruminants, mainly sheep and less frequently cattle,[1] yaks,[2] goatsbuffalodeerdromedaries, and antelope. It is caused by Bluetongue virus (BTV). The virus is transmitted by the midges Culicoides imicolaCulicoides variipennis, and other culicoids.

ブルータングBluetongue disease)は、ウシヒツジシカバッファローカモシカなどの反芻動物に感染するウイルス性の病気。日本では直訳で「青舌病」とも呼ばれる。

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Doublespeak is language that deliberately obscures, disguises, distorts, or reverses the meaning of words. Doublespeak may take the form of euphemisms (e.g., "downsizing" for layoffs and "servicing the target" for bombing),[1] in which case it is primarily meant to make the truth sound more palatable. It may also refer to intentional ambiguity in language or to actual inversions of meaning. In such cases, doublespeak disguises the nature of the truth.

Doublespeak is most closely associated with political language.[2][3]

The word is comparable to George Orwell's Newspeak and Doublethink as used in his book Nineteen Eighty-Four, though the term Doublespeak does not appear there.[4]


雙言巧語doublespeak)是一種故意扭轉或隱藏原意的修辭法,常為政治組織軍隊企業或公關宣傳領域使用,有時候可以視為一種委婉政治正確的表達方式,但在用於政治組織、軍隊或企業的場合,現代通常稱為「雙言巧語」。

其出現歷史極度悠久幾乎與人類文字史同等,孔子於西元前480年左右編纂《春秋》就出現春秋筆法微言大義的作法,可以視為雙言巧語典型,到了宋朝宋歐陽修組織編修的《新唐書》、《新五代史》全篇大量運用春秋筆法。


雙言巧語在1950年代開始出現於美國,許多人誤認為雙言巧語這個詞出於喬治·奧威爾反烏托邦小說《一九八四》,但雙言巧語從未出現在該小說中。雖然如此,奧威爾倒是在小說中使用了形容政府試圖顛倒是非的「新語」(Newspeak)、「舊語」(Oldspeak)及雙重思考(Doublethink)等幾個詞,當《一九八四》風行之後,在英文名詞後加上speak(例如Irakspeak)一時開始流行,而在社會語言的演進過程中產生了「雙言巧語」這個用法。依照奧威爾式辭書學的定義,就如同「新說法」的反義B詞彙一樣,雙言巧語的目的是蓄意為政治用途創造新的字彙,這不但具有政治的意圖,同時也試圖影響字彙使用者的態度。

範例[編輯]

政治[編輯]

軍事[編輯]

社會[編輯]

用法[編輯]

雙言巧語常見於政治外交方面。

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