2016年10月7日 星期五

Book of Hours, office, Breviary, dedication of a church


Book of Hours 「時間之書」是誤譯

The Book of Hours

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Hours

The collective title comes from the book of hours, a type of illuminated breviary popular in France in the later Middle Ages.[3] These prayer and worship books were often decorated with illumination and so combined religious edification with art. They contained prayers for different times of the day and were designed to structure the day through regular devotion to God.

日文Goo 辭典對 Book of Hours

  1. ((時に B- of H-)) (ローマカトリックで)時祷じとう書,(ギリシア正教で)時課経:定められている祈祷文や聖書の箇所など,(定)時課(canonical hours)の内容と順序を記した本.
天主教辭典:Book of Hours :日課;祈禱書:是自中古時代起,隱修士開始(聖職人員及許多修會會士隨後跟進)每日使用的祈禱手冊,其中包括聖詠、聖歌、對經、祈禱文等。日課內容詳見 Breviary 
 Breviary :每日頌禱;時辰頌禱;日課經;日課;大日課;本分經:是教會的公共祈禱,亦即聖職人士、修會會士和熱心教友每日(七次)祈禱時所用的法定經書,藉此履行領洗時所接受的王者司祭職;主要由聖經、聖詠和聖人訓誨組成;共分為: (1) 誦讀日課(今稱),即晨經 Matins  (2) 晨禱,即讚美經 Lauds  (3) 日間祈禱,又分為:(甲)午前祈禱,即第三時辰經 Terce ;(乙)午時祈禱,即第六時辰經 Sext ;(丙)午後祈禱,即第九時辰經 None  (4) 晚禱,即晚經 Vespers  … 夜禱,即補充經 Compline 等部分。同 Liturgy of the Hours  Book of Hours 。拉丁文稱作 Breviarium 
翻譯偵探事務所新增了 4 張相片2014年10月7日〔懷念五O年代的譯者〕1958年德語詩人里爾克的「時間之書」,詩人方思翻譯,現代詩社出版。里爾克(Rainer Maria Rilke, 1875-1926)很早就受到中國詩壇注意,馮至和梁宗岱都翻譯過他的詩。台灣翻譯里爾克最有名的,前有方思,後有李魁賢。
方思,本名黃時樞(1925- ),湖南長沙人,所以署名常寫「長沙方思」。1948年來台,曾在中央圖書館任職,楊牧曾在回憶中提及去南海路央圖找方思的經驗。方思是1950年代重要詩人,翻譯也不少,但譯詩結集出版的似乎只有這本「時間之書」,另譯有一本圖書館專業書籍「圖書排架工作」,可見詩人平時也是要做些專業工作的。後來方思赴美,也還在圖書館工作。
「時間之書」的英譯本 Book of Hours 有副標題 Love Poems to God,可見其宗教色彩甚重。方思在序中也說,「這種題材(與神的對話)在中國詩中,似為新的對象,實則觀念與信仰,皆與感情密不可分。」殆指宗教詩也可以當情詩來看。像是:
「時間之書」的英譯本 Book of Hours 有副標題 Love Poems to God,可見其宗教色彩甚重。方思在序中也說,「這種題材(與神的對話)在中國詩中,似為新的對象,實則觀念與信仰,皆與感情密不可分。」殆指宗教詩也可以當情詩來看。像是:「挖出我的雙眼,而我依然能見你,
打聾我的耳朵,而我依然能聽到你,





dedication of a church
dedication :祝聖;奉獻。多指祝聖或奉獻聖堂。
Dedication, Feast of :祝聖日;奉獻日:指聖堂或聖殿落成的祝聖日或奉獻日。
dedication of a church :教堂落成奉獻禮;祝聖教堂禮。

breviary

(brēē-)
n. Ecclesiastical., pl. -ies.
A book containing the hymns, offices, and prayers for the canonical hours.
[Middle English breviarie, from Old French breviaire, from Medieval Latin breviārium, from Latin, summary, from brevis, short. See brief.]



Breviary:每日頌禱;時辰頌禱;日課經;日課;大日課;本分經:是教會的公共祈禱,亦即聖職人士、修會會士和熱心教友每日(七次)祈禱時所用的法定經書,藉此履行領洗時所接受的王者司祭職;主要由聖經、聖詠和聖人訓誨組成;共分為:(1) 誦讀日課(今稱),即晨經 Matins。(2) 晨禱,即讚美經Lauds。(3)日間祈禱,又分為:(甲)午前祈禱,即第三時辰經 Terce;(乙)午時祈禱,即第六時辰經 Sext;(丙)午後祈禱,即第九時辰經 None。(4) 晚禱,即晚經 Vespers。…夜禱,即補充經 Compline 等部分。同 Liturgy of the Hours 或 Book of Hours。拉丁文稱作 Breviarium。


Liturgical book containing the psalms, readings from the scriptures, the Church Fathers or the lives of the saints, antiphons and prayers that constitute the Divine Office for each day of the Christian Church year (see SERVICE BOOK). The Divine Office comprises the daily devotions observed at the eight canonical hours of the day (Matins, Lauds, Prime, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers and Compline), arranged around the psalms, so that all 150 psalms are read each week. Its text covers two distinct sections: the Temporal (or Proper of Time), containing the offices for Sundays and festivals commemorating the life of Christ and the weekdays of the year; and the Sanctoral (or Proper of Saints), with offices for the feast days of saints. Supplementary offices for certain occasions, for instance the Office of the Dead and Little Office of the Virgin, were sometimes added to the daily office, and a full version of the Breviary usually includes the whole Psalter with its calendar and litany.
antiphon(s):對經;輪唱詩;輪唱讚美詩:在日課、經文、歌曲、課本或禮儀中,輪流朗誦或歌詠的短經。
canonical hours:法定時辰:指教會的祈禱(日課)時刻,是照聖經每日七次祈禱的指示。詳見 Breviary。


office
  1. Ecclesiastical. A ceremony, rite, or service, usually prescribed by liturgy, especially:
    1. The canonical hours.
    2. A prayer service in the Anglican Church, such as Morning or Evening Prayer.
    3. A ceremony, rite, or service for a special purpose, especially the Office of the Dead.


Office, Divine:日課。詳見 Breviary。
office, ecclesiastical:教會職務:指為達成神性目的,由天主或教會以固定方式所設立的職務(法典145)。
Office of Blessed Virgin Mary, Little:聖母小日課:採取日課形式,但較日課簡化的特敬聖母之祈禱文,昔日不少會士及教友誦念之,今多改念(已簡化之)日課。
office of readings:誦讀日課;時辰禮儀:日課的一部分;詳見 Breviary。
office of sanctifying:聖化的職務:教會以特殊方式,經由禮儀執行聖化的職務(法典834)。
office of the dead:亡者日課:為死者所念的日課。

沒有留言: