beheading, Utopia, canonized, headman, president, decollation, Free love or genocide?

Atlas Obscura

“Cephalophores" are martyred by beheading and yet do not die. (At least, not immediately.)

The Decapitated Saints Who Still Managed to Hold Their Heads Up

This is part three of a three-part series on decapitation. Previously: zombie dogs' contributions to neurosurgery and headless cockroaches that just…

ATLASOBSCURA.COM

Ever since Thomas More wrote Utopia 500 years ago, visionaries from William Morris to Ursula K Leguin have dreamed of ideal worlds. But beneath the fig-leaf of fiction, the results are often bland – or bloody

Free love or genocide? The trouble with Utopias

Ever since Thomas More wrote Utopia 500 years ago, visionaries from William Morris to Ursula K Le Guin have dreamed of ideal worlds. But beneath the fig-leaf of fiction, the results are often bland – or bloody

THEGUARDIAN.COM|由 TOBIAS JONES 上傳

Sir Thomas More: author of Utopia 烏托邦 was beheaded for refusing to recognize Henry VIII as head of the new Church of England; More was canonized 400 years later (1535)

Decollation

n.

[L. decollatio: cf. F. décollation.]

1. The act of beheading or state of one beheaded; -- especially used of the execution of St. John the Baptist. 

2. A painting representing the beheading of a saint or martyr, esp. of St. John the Baptist.

headman 
noun [C]
the chief (= leader) of a village or tribe

head・man

首領, 職工長.
⇒head

總長

首長
president was found in the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary at the entries listed below.

• president (POLITICS)
• president (ORGANIZATION)
• vice president

 pres・i・dent

 

━━ n. （時にP-） 大統領; 総裁, 長官, 議長, 会長; 総長, 学長; 〔米〕 社長, 頭取, 代表取締役; 〔英〕 ((時に)) （企業の）元会長, 元社長.
 pres・i・den・cy　━━ n. （普通the ～） presidentの職［任期］; （またP-） 米国大統領の職［任期］.
 president-elect　━━ n. （就任前の）大統領当選者.
 pres・i・den・tial　━━ a. presidentの.
presidential nomination　〔米〕 大統領候補指名.
presidential primary　〔米〕 （各政党の）大統領予備選挙.
presidential year　〔米〕 大統領選挙の年.
 President's Day　（米国の）大統領誕生日 ((George WashingtonとAbraham Lincolnの誕生日を祝う；2月の第3月曜日)).

canonization：列入聖品；列入聖人級；宣佈為聖；宣聖；列品：教宗隆重聲明某些足為教會楷模者已升天國，並應接受教會的尊敬、榮耀和讚譽。申 請列品案件首先將候選人之言行、著作、聲譽、奇蹟（殉道者免）等項目交由主教審斷，經調查屬實後，送交聖座，再經專案小組審查，最後由教宗做裁決，宣佈其 為「真福」，可供某地區或某團體敬禮及慶賀。接著可更上一層樓，將此真福者案件送交聖座重新審查，經審查合格（非殉道者需要兩個奇蹟）後，經教宗裁決可宣 佈此真福為「聖人」，可供全球教會敬禮及慶祝。1983年2月7日教宗若望保祿二世頒佈了新的宣聖宗座憲令，聖部法令亦於同日頒佈。參閱 beatification。