1900's - Chinese Bride
Left in the lurch
MeaningAbandoned in a difficult position without help.
Origin
This has nothing to do with lurches in the sense of sudden unsteady movements.
There are suggestions that lurch is a noun that originated from lich - the Old English word for corpse. Lych-gates are roofed churchyard entrances that adjoin many old English churches and are the appointed place for coffins to be left when waiting for the clergyman to arrive to conduct a funeral service. To be 'left in the lych/lurch' was to be in dire straits indeed.Another theory goes that jilted brides would be 'left in the lych' when the errant bridegroom failed to appear for a wedding. Both theories are plausible but there's no evidence to support either and, despite the superficial appeal of those explanations, 'lych' and 'lurch' aren't related.
The bride had only one sure ally on her wedding day. This ally was not a relative or a best friend, but a bridesmaid her parents had hired to give her protection. The bridesmaid was, by training, a professional talker; she said clever things and was able to churn out propitious jingles. She was a foil for the bride, and her chatter was the shield she created for her young mistress at the time it was most needed. Before the wedding, the bride would have had a cloistered existence in the women's quarters, and so it was natural that she should be reticent. She was not used to being viewed, much less to being the object of everyone's curiosity. And she was nervous in her anticipation of the wedding night and of her life ahead, which she had to face on her own.
bridal
 | n. A marriage ceremony; a wedding. adj.
[Middle English bridale, wedding, wedding feast, from Old English br[ymacr]dealo : br[ymacr]d, bride; see bride + ealu, ale; see ale.]
Florence and Central Italy, 1400–1600 a.d. |
|  Enlarge | |  Cassone, 1461–65 Marco del Buono Giamberti (Italian, Florentine, 1402–1489); Apollonio di Giovanni di Tomaso (Italian, Florentine, 1414/17–1465) Italian (Florence) Painted and gilded gesso on poplar, set with a wooden panel painted in tempera and gold; 39 1/2 x 77 x 32 7/8 in. (100.3 x 195.6 x 83.5 cm) John Stewart Kennedy Fund, 1913 (14.39) |
| The front panel of this cassone represents the conquest of Trebizond, on the Black Sea, by the Ottoman Turks under Sultan Mehmed II on August 14, 1461. This event resulted in the ouster of the Venetians from Constantinople and the gift of their property to the Florentines. The side panels of the cassone are decorated with the crest 紋章（の頂部）of the Florentine Strozzi family. |
cassone (käs-sô'nā) , the Italian term for chest or coffer, usually a bridal or dower chest, highly ornate and given prominence in the home.
Among furniture types, a cassone is a rich and showy type of chest, which may be painted, carved and gilded.
The cassone ("large chest") was one of the trophy furnishings of rich merchants and aristocrats in Italian culture, from the Late Middle Ages onward. The cassone was the most important piece of furniture of that time. It was given to a bride and placed in the bridal suite. It would be given to the bride during the wedding, and it was the bride's parents's contribution to the wedding. Since a cassone contained the personal goods of the bride, it was a natural vehicle for painted decoration commemorating the marriage in heraldry and flattering allegory. The side panels offered a flat surface for a suitable painting, with subjects drawn from courtly romance or from Scripture or holy legends. Some Tuscan artists in Siena and Florence specialized in such cassone panels, which were preserved as autonomous works of art by 19th century collectors, who sometimes discarded the cassone itself. Great Florentine artists of the 15th century were called upon to decorate cassoni.
A typical place for such a cassone was in a chamber at the foot of a bed that was enclosed in curtains. Such a situation is a familiar setting for depictions of the Annunciation or the Visitation of St. Anne to the Virgin Mary. A cassone was largely immovable. Chairs were reserved for important personages. Often pillows scattered upon the floor of a chamber provided informal seating, and a cassone could provide a backrest and a table surface. The symbolic "humility" that modern scholars read into Annunciations where the Virgin sits reading upon the floor, perhaps underestimates this familiar mode of seating.
In the 15th century, a new classicising style arose, and early Renaissance cassoni of central and northern Italy were carved and partly gilded, and given classical décor, with panels flanked by fluted corner pilasters, under friezes and cornices, or with sculptural panels in high or low relief.
A cassone that was provided with a high panelled back and sometimes a footrest, for both hieratic and practical reasons, becomes a cassapanca ("chest-bench"). Cassapanche were immovably fixed in the main public room of a palazzo, the sala or salone. They were part of the immobili ("unmoveables"), perhaps even more than the removable glazed window casements, and might be left in place, even if the palazzo passed to another family.
A cossone is a High Renaissance piece of furniture resembling a chest. Used to sit on, eat on, sleep on, and store things in. When a couple was married it was typical for the bride's parents to give a cassone as a gift to the family who their daughter was marrying into as a consolation for the finical responsibilities they have taken which come along with the new bride. A cassone typically had a molded base with claw feet. This piece was used as a console table as well
The cassone ("large chest") was one of the trophy furnishings of rich merchants and aristocrats in Italian culture, from the Late Middle Ages onward. The cassone was the most important piece of furniture of that time. It was given to a bride and placed in the bridal suite. It would be given to the bride during the wedding, and it was the bride's parents's contribution to the wedding. Since a cassone contained the personal goods of the bride, it was a natural vehicle for painted decoration commemorating the marriage in heraldry and flattering allegory. The side panels offered a flat surface for a suitable painting, with subjects drawn from courtly romance or from Scripture or holy legends. Some Tuscan artists in Siena and Florence specialized in such cassone panels, which were preserved as autonomous works of art by 19th century collectors, who sometimes discarded the cassone itself. Great Florentine artists of the 15th century were called upon to decorate cassoni.
A typical place for such a cassone was in a chamber at the foot of a bed that was enclosed in curtains. Such a situation is a familiar setting for depictions of the Annunciation or the Visitation of St. Anne to the Virgin Mary. A cassone was largely immovable. Chairs were reserved for important personages. Often pillows scattered upon the floor of a chamber provided informal seating, and a cassone could provide a backrest and a table surface. The symbolic "humility" that modern scholars read into Annunciations where the Virgin sits reading upon the floor, perhaps underestimates this familiar mode of seating.
In the 15th century, a new classicising style arose, and early Renaissance cassoni of central and northern Italy were carved and partly gilded, and given classical décor, with panels flanked by fluted corner pilasters, under friezes and cornices, or with sculptural panels in high or low relief.
A cassone that was provided with a high panelled back and sometimes a footrest, for both hieratic and practical reasons, becomes a cassapanca ("chest-bench"). Cassapanche were immovably fixed in the main public room of a palazzo, the sala or salone. They were part of the immobili ("unmoveables"), perhaps even more than the removable glazed window casements, and might be left in place, even if the palazzo passed to another family.
A cossone is a High Renaissance piece of furniture resembling a chest. Used to sit on, eat on, sleep on, and store things in. When a couple was married it was typical for the bride's parents to give a cassone as a gift to the family who their daughter was marrying into as a consolation for the finical responsibilities they have taken which come along with the new bride. A cassone typically had a molded base with claw feet. This piece was used as a console table as well
groom
[名]
1 新郎, 花婿(bridegroom)
the bride and groom
新郎新婦.
新郎新婦.
bride-to-be Show phonetics
noun [C] plural brides-to-be
Here Come the Brides, Really Simply
 |
The bride-to-be in the Stephen Sondheim musical "Company" may have stopped the show with a comic song expressing doubt about whether she was "Getting Married Today."
But in real life, more than two million American women go ahead with weddings each year. The trend has drawn considerable attention from advertisers, media companies and Madison Avenue.
Bride spends 8 months crocheting her own wedding dress using two miles and 1,400 yards of yarn.
Bride Spends 8 Months and $70 Crocheting Her Own Wedding Gown
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