2020年2月3日 星期一

minimum wage. couch (express), byzantine approach , gloss, gloss over sth, Pope's Rape of the Lock (1896)



A $2 increase in America's minimum wage would have prevented 57,000 suicides in the 25 years examined by a new study


ECONOMIST.COM
A study estimates that $1 more would save thousands of lives


Other salaries are linked to the minimum wage, so when it rises so too does the pay of nearly a quarter of Australians

ECONOMIST.COM
Workers at the legal floor make two-thirds more than their peers in America


For decades, tipped workers received roughly 50% of the federal minimum wage. But in 1996, Congress abandoned the 50% rule, and raised the minimum wage without increasing compensation for tipped workers. Nearly 20 years later, the minimum wage has risen to $7.25, while the tipped wage has remained frozen at $2.13.






Businesses Express Couched Support for Minimum Wage ...

www.thecrimson.com/article/2015/12/.../square-business-minimum-wage/

3 days ago - In light of recent city council discussion over adopting a $15 an hour minimum wage in Cambridge, a few Harvard Square business owners ..


I said earlier, Deming’s forte was logic, he couched each of his elements of Profound Knowledge as Theory of…systems, variation, knowledge, psychology.




In those deals, they contended that Mr. Black, his former partner F. David Radler and several other executives had improperly helped themselves to bonuses that were couched as agreements not to compete with buyers of Hollinger International’s newspapers. (Typical of Mr. Black’s byzantine approach to business, the storyline was even more complicated — for instance, in some cases private companies controlled by Mr. Black and Mr. Radler were buying some of the small papers from Hollinger International.)

從Hollinger International購買報紙的商家要與訂約,(美其名)稱之為”非競爭”(不與Hollinger International競爭)等條款,而讓公司高幹有機可乘、貪污

Roma face new threat of extremism in Czech Republic

By agreeing to adopt the EU Lisbon Treaty, the Czech senate has put a bit
of gloss on an otherwise troubled stint as holders of the rotating EU
presidency. Political squabbles which led to the collapse of the
government beset the Czech’s performance. But despite finding an interim
solution, the country is still battling with internal strife.

The DW-WORLD Article
http://newsletter.dw-world.de/re?l=ew0tetI44va89pI5


The US stance that Turkey belongs firmly in the EU took some of the gloss off a largely harmonious EU-US summit in Prague with France flatly rejecting the idea and Germany voicing reservations about it.



Once a Boon, Euro Is Now a Burden to Some Nations 
By LANDON THOMAS Jr.
Euro membership allowed some countries to gloss over economic problems that have now roared to the fore.

Talks between China and Taiwan have always been couched in coded language, to gloss over their opposing views of Taiwan's status.

最低賃金 - Wikipedia


最低賃金(さいていちんぎん)とは、労働市場のセーフティー・ネットとして、最低限支払わなければならない賃金の下限額を定め、使用者に強制する制度の ... 後に連邦最高裁から違憲が出るが、彼の示した原則は最低「生活賃金」living wageへの強力な論拠として受け容れられていった。 ... 608 Minimum Wage Ordinance Schedule 3 Prescribed Minimum Hourly Wage Rate”. ... リンク元 · 関連ページの更新状況 · ファイルをアップロード · 特別ページ · この版への固定リンク · ページ情報 · ウィキデータ項目 · このページ ...

Minimum wage - Wikipedia

minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers can legally pay their workers—the price floor below which workers may not sell their labor. Most countries had introduced minimum wage legislation by the end of the 20th century.

gloss (EXPLANATION)
verb [T]
to provide an explanation for a word or phrase:
In the school edition of the book, the older and more rare words have been glossed.

gloss 
noun [C]
an explanation for a word or phrase:
Difficult expressions are explained in the glosses at the bottom of the page.

n.
  1. A surface shininess or luster.
  2. A cosmetic that adds shine or luster.
  3. A superficially or deceptively attractive appearance.

v.glossedgloss·inggloss·esv.tr.
  1. To give a bright sheen or luster to.
  2. To make attractive or acceptable by deception or superficial treatment: a resumé that glossed over the applicant's lack of experience. See synonyms at palliate.
v.intr.
To become shiny or lustrous.
[Perhaps of Scandinavian origin; akin to Icelandic glossi, a spark.]

gloss2 (glôs, glŏspronunciation
n.
    1. A brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or technical expression usually inserted in the margin or between lines of a text or manuscript.
    2. A collection of such notes; a glossary.
  1. An extensive commentary, often accompanying a text or publication.
  2. A purposefully misleading interpretation or explanation.
tr.v.glossedgloss·inggloss·es.
  1. To provide (an expression or a text) with a gloss or glosses.
  2. To give a false interpretation to.
[Middle English glose, from Old French, from Medieval Latin glōsa, from Latin glōssa, foreign word requiring explanation, from Greek, tongue, language.]
glosser gloss'er n.


Read the First Chapter
文末 將 Aubrey (Vincent) Beardsley 的"Pope's Rape of the Lock (1896)插畫" (illustration)誤以為是
對於這個段落最深刻的分析首推貝爾斯利的"解說":如果不是上帝 那就是魔鬼藏身其中 (頁8)
The most penetrating gloss on this passage is Beardsley's illustration in which, if not God, the devil lies in the detail. 這句也是英文熟語的文字遊戲 翻譯未表示"細節"
gloss是說明而非分析

Errata, Lessons of the Masters, After Babel

couch (EXPRESS) 
verb FORMAL
couch sth in/as sth to express something in a particular way:
[often passive] I don't understand this form - it's all couched in legal terminology.

gloss over sth phrasal verb
to avoid considering something, such as an embarrassing mistake, to make it seem unimportant, and to quickly continue talking about something else:
She glossed over the company's fall in profits, focusing instead on her plans for investment and modernization.
The film was well researched, but it glossed over the important issues.

gloss
n.
  1. A surface shininess or luster.
  2. A cosmetic that adds shine or luster.
  3. A superficially or deceptively attractive appearance.

v.glossedgloss·inggloss·esv.tr.
  1. To give a bright sheen or luster to.
  2. To make attractive or acceptable by deception or superficial treatment: a resumé that glossed over the applicant's lack of experience. See synonyms at palliate.
v.intr.
To become shiny or lustrous.
[Perhaps of Scandinavian origin; akin to Icelandic glossi, a spark.]



couch 有時類似”美其名”
To word in a certain manner; phrase: couched their protests in diplomatic language.

couch (EXPRESS)
verb FORMAL
couch sth in/as sth to express something in a particular way:
[often passive] I don't understand this form - it's all couched in legal terminology.



byzantine approach 拜占庭式複雜不透明方式
byzantine adjective FORMAL DISAPPROVING
difficult to understand and complicated:
rules of byzantine complexity

(from Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary)

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