Wikipedia
Dictionary[edit]
- Aisle: A pair of walkways that are parallel to the primary public spaces in the church, e.g. nave, choir and transept. The aisles are separated from the public areas by pillars supporting the upper walls, called an arcade.[3]
- Ambulatory: A specific name for the curved aisle around the choir[2]
- Apse: The end of the building opposite the main entry. Often circular, but it can be angular or flat. In medieval traditions, it was the east end of the building.[3]
- Buttress: Large stone pier holding the roof vaults in place.[3] A buttress may be visible as in the Gothic flying buttress, or it may be hidden in the complex of aisles and galleries.[2]
- Cathedral: The home church of a Bishop, which contains the cathedra or bishop's chair.[2] The church may be of any size.[3]
- Choir: The part of the church usually beyond the transept and in line with the axis of the nave. The area may be higher than the level of the nave.[3] The name choir is used because traditionally the clergy of the Cathedral stood here as a chorus, chanting or singing during the responsive portion of Divine Offices or Mass.[4]
- Quire: An alternative spelling of Choir.
- Crypt: Usually the below ground foundation. Used for burial or as a chapel.[3]
- Facade: The outside of the church, where the main doors are located. In traditional medieval design, this faced the west and is called the West End.[2]
- Narthex: The entrance or lobby area, located at the west end of the nave.
- Nave 3 : The primary area of public observance of the Mass.[3] It is immediately inside the front doors.
- Radiating Chapels: Located around the Apse of the church, accessible from the Ambulatory.[2]
- Sanctuary: An elevated platform that contains the main altar and associated liturgical elements that is restricted for ceremonial use by the clergy, often fenced from adjoining spaces. It is centered on the main east–west axis within the east end and generally located within the choir or the apse.
- Transept: Sometimes called the ‘Crossing’, the transept forms wings at right angles to the nave.[2] In early Romanesque churches, it was often at the east end, creating a Tau Cross. Later designs placed the transept about two-thirds of the way from the West End to the East End. This created the Latin cross plan. It usually separates the nave from the choir.[3]
維基百科，自由的百科全書
亞眠大教堂的平面圖：巨大的碼頭支撐著西端塔樓；transepts的縮寫；七個輻射小教堂形成了從門診室到達的雪佛蘭
在西方教會建築中，大教堂圖是一個平面圖，顯示了牆壁和碼頭的各個部分，從而使人們了解了其圓柱和肋骨的輪廓。周邊牆壁上的雙光線表示玻璃窗。虛線顯示了拱頂上方的肋骨。按照慣例，教會平面圖以地圖形式顯示，頂部在北，而禮儀的東端在右。
許多修道院教堂的平面圖可與大教堂媲美，儘管有時更多地側重於為宗教團體保留的聖所和合唱團的空間。較小的教堂也有類似的計劃，但有所簡化。
內容
1個設計
2字典
3也可以看看
4參考文獻
5外部鏈接
設計[ 編輯]
大教堂的平面圖旨在提供教堂的禮拜儀式。[1] 在君士坦丁皇帝將基督教合法化之前，基督徒在私人住宅或秘密地點敬拜。[2]一旦合法地能夠公開崇拜，當地的會眾就根據他們的需要調整了可用的羅馬設計。與羅馬和希臘宗教不同，牧師在沒有公眾參與的情況下進行儀式，而基督徒的崇拜則由信徒參與。因此，異教神廟中通常使用的有限空間不適合基督徒崇拜。[2] 羅馬市政建築是為城市居民的參與而設計的，因此羅馬大教堂被用作基督教徒。其中包括一個狹長的，有蓋空間的一端的入口，另一端有凸起的雛菊。在講台上，公職人員將審理法律案件，或就某些公共利益問題進行闡述。[2]基督教採用大教堂的長廊供市民禮儀中的質量。[ 需要引用 ]
Dictionary[edit]
- Aisle: 《建築》（教会堂の）側廊；礼拝堂の中央通路 A pair of walkways that are parallel to the primary public spaces in the church, e.g. nave, choir and transept. The aisles are separated from the public areas by pillars supporting the upper walls, called an arcade.[3]
- Ambulatory: [名]《建築》（教会の）周歩廊；（修道院の）歩廊 A specific name for the curved aisle around the choir[2]
- Apse:教堂屋頂：教堂後部（走廊頂端）半圓形之頂。西洋建築で、聖堂などの建物・部屋から突出した半円形の内部空間。後陣。The end of the building opposite the main entry. Often circular, but it can be angular or flat. In medieval traditions, it was the east end of the building.[3]
- Buttress:《建築》バットレス，控え壁（◇建物の補強のために屋外から壁面に向けて設置される小さな壁） Large stone pier holding the roof vaults in place.[3] A buttress may be visible as in the Gothic flying buttress, or it may be hidden in the complex of aisles and galleries.[2]
- Cathedral: 主教座堂：教區中的首要聖堂，堂內置有主教的（寶座）座位； cathedra 拉丁文意即座位，故稱主教座堂。The home church of a Bishop, which contains the cathedra or bishop's chair.[2] The church may be of any size.[3]
- Choir/Quire: (1) 聖詠團；唱經班；唱詩班；歌侶；歌席。 (2) 唱經樓：教堂中之唱經樓、合唱團。The part of the church usually beyond the transept and in line with the axis of the nave. The area may be higher than the level of the nave.[3] The name choir is used because traditionally the clergy of the Cathedral stood here as a chorus, chanting or singing during the responsive portion of Divine Offices or Mass.[4]
Crossing 十字形の教会で本堂と袖廊そでろうとが交差する所
- Quire: An alternative spelling of Choir.
- Crypt: (1) 地下聖堂。 (2) 墓室。Usually the below ground foundation. Used for burial or as a chapel.[3]
- Facade立面: The outside of the church, where the main doors are located. In traditional medieval design, this faced the west and is called the West End.[2]
- Narthex: [名]《建築》拝廊（◇教会の正面入り口から本堂までの広間になっている廊下）The entrance or lobby area, located at the west end of the nave.
- Nave: 中央走道：教堂中間自入口處到祭台前的走道，是進出聖堂必經之路。The primary area of public observance of the Mass.[3] It is immediately inside the front doors.
- Chapel：小聖堂；小教堂；小禮拜堂；分堂： (1) 指學校、軍營、醫院等附設的教堂。 (2) 指大教堂內區隔的小教堂。
- Radiating Chapels: Located around the Apse of the church, accessible from the Ambulatory.[2] 〈道路・線などが〉放射状に広がる，（中心から）八方に伸びる（out）≪from≫；他〈物が〉〈棒状の物を〉放射状に広げる
- Sanctuary: (1) 聖所：教堂中祭台附近的空間。 (2) 朝聖地；聖地：是教區主教（教長）批准的教堂或聖所，以便信徒前去祈禱、朝聖（法典 1230 ）；又稱 shrine 。An elevated platform that contains the main altar and associated liturgical elements that is restricted for ceremonial use by the clergy, often fenced from adjoining spaces. It is centered on the main east–west axis within the east end and generally located within the choir or the apse.
- Transept:[名]《建築》（十字形教会堂の）翼廊 Sometimes called the ‘Crossing’, the transept forms wings at right angles to the nave.[2] In early Romanesque churches, it was often at the east end, creating a Tau Cross. Later designs placed the transept about two-thirds of the way from the West End to the East End. This created the Latin cross plan. It usually separates the nave from the choir.[3]
Cathedral floorplan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Amiens Cathedral floorplan: massive piers support the west end towers; transepts are abbreviated; seven radiating chapels form the chevet reached from the ambulatory
In Western ecclesiastical architecture, a cathedral diagram is a floor plan showing the sections of walls and piers, giving an idea of the profiles of their columns and ribbing. Light double lines in perimeter walls indicate glazed windows. Dashed lines show the ribs of the vaulting overhead. By convention, ecclesiastical floorplans are shown map-fashion, with north to the top and the liturgical east end to the right.
Many abbey churches have floorplans that are comparable to cathedrals, though sometimes with more emphasis on the sanctuary and choir spaces that are reserved for the religious community. Smaller churches are similarly planned, with simplifications.
Contents
1Design
2Dictionary
3See also
4References
5External links
Design[edit]
Cathedral floorplans are designed to provide for the liturgical rites of the church.[1] Before the legalization of Christianity by Emperor Constantine, Christians worshiped in private homes or in secretive locations.[2] Once legally able to publicly worship, the local congregations adapted the available Roman designs to their needs. Unlike the Roman and Greek religions, where priests performed rituals without public participation, Christian worship involved the believers. Thus, the limited spaces typically used in pagan temples were not suitable to Christian worship.[2] Roman civic buildings were designed for the participation of the citizens of the city, and thus the Roman Basilica was adopted for Christian purposes. This included an entry on one end of a long narrow, covered space with a raised dais at the other end. Upon the dais, public officials would hear legal cases, or expound on some matter of public interest.[2] Christians adopted the long hall of the basilica for the public liturgy of the Mass.[citation needed]
Dictionary[edit]
Aisle: A pair of walkways that are parallel to the primary public spaces in the church, e.g. nave, choir and transept. The aisles are separated from the public areas by pillars supporting the upper walls, called an arcade.[3]
Ambulatory: A specific name for the curved aisle around the choir[2]
Apse: The end of the building opposite the main entry. Often circular, but it can be angular or flat. In medieval traditions, it was the east end of the building.[3]
Buttress: Large stone pier holding the roof vaults in place.[3] A buttress may be visible as in the Gothic flying buttress, or it may be hidden in the complex of aisles and galleries.[2]
Cathedral: The home church of a Bishop, which contains the cathedra or bishop's chair.[2] The church may be of any size.[3]
Choir: The part of the church usually beyond the transept and in line with the axis of the nave. The area may be higher than the level of the nave.[3] The name choir is used because traditionally the clergy of the Cathedral stood here as a chorus, chanting or singing during the responsive portion of Divine Offices or Mass.[4]
Quire: An alternative spelling of Choir.
Crypt: Usually the below ground foundation. Used for burial or as a chapel.[3]
Facade: The outside of the church, where the main doors are located. In traditional medieval design, this faced the west and is called the West End.[2]
Narthex: The entrance or lobby area, located at the west end of the nave.
Nave: The primary area of public observance of the Mass.[3] It is immediately inside the front doors.
Radiating Chapels: Located around the Apse of the church, accessible from the Ambulatory.[2]
Sanctuary: An elevated platform that contains the main altar and associated liturgical elements that is restricted for ceremonial use by the clergy, often fenced from adjoining spaces. It is centered on the main east–west axis within the east end and generally located within the choir or the apse.
Transept: Sometimes called the ‘Crossing’, the transept forms wings at right angles to the nave.[2] In early Romanesque churches, it was often at the east end, creating a Tau Cross. Later designs placed the transept about two-thirds of the way from the West End to the East End. This created the Latin cross plan. It usually separates the nave from the choir.[3]
See also[edit]
Architecture of cathedrals and great churches
Church architecture, including description of common terms
List of largest church buildingsAdd caption
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