saline, desalination, devil’s bargain. Most of the plumbing pipes in the United States are oversize, wasting water in a time of increasing drought.

To Save More Water, American Homes Need Smaller Pipes

Most of the plumbing pipes in the United States are oversize, wasting water in a time of increasing drought.

In medicine, saline (also saline solution) is a solution of sodium chloride (NaCl, table salt) in water. It is used to flush wounds and skin abrasions, as eye drops, for intravenous infusion, rinsing contact lenses, nasal irrigation, and a variety of other purposes.

Saline (medicine) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_(medicine)

生理食鹽水，生理學或臨床上常用的滲透壓與動物或人體血漿相等的氯化鈉溶液，其濃度用於兩棲類時是0.67～0.70％，用於哺乳類和人體時是0.85～0.90％。

醫學上，生理鹽水（也稱作鹽溶液）指的是消毒過的氯化鈉（NaCl, 更常見的稱法是鹽水）溶液。但其只有使用靜脈注射的時候才是無菌的，其他方式生理鹽水也只是一種鹽水溶液。這種無菌的溶液一般用於靜脈注射，沖洗隱形眼鏡和鼻腔沖洗。不同用途的配方中生理鹽水也有不同的使用目的。生理鹽水也在細胞生物學、分子生物學和生物化學實驗中使用。

海水淡化也稱海水化淡、海水脫鹽，是指將海水中的多餘鹽分和礦物質去除得到淡水的工序。

海水淡化主要是為了提供飲用水和農業用水，有時食用鹽也會作為副產品被生產出來。海水淡化在極度缺乏降水的中東地區很流行，在某些島嶼和船隻上也被使用，一部份靠海的火力發電廠及核能電廠也以海水淡化產出用於冷卻爐心的水源。海水淡化需要大量能量，所以在不富裕的國家經濟效益並不高。而淡化後的副產品「鹵水」（高鹽度海水），也常有排放問題。

目錄

  [隱藏] 

• 1使用概況
• 2技術
• 3在自然界的海水淡化
• 4參見
• 5參考文獻
• 6外部連結
  

Desalination or desalinization is a process that removes minerals from saline water. More generally, desalination may also refer to the removal of salts and minerals,^[1] as insoil desalination, which also happens to be a major issue for agricultural production.^[2]

MIT Technology Review

Non-solar desalination plants are a devil’s bargain; they use power from plants that, in most cases, emit greenhouse gases that worsen the problem of drought.

New plants can use solar power to desalinate seawater—but the process is expensive

Solar-powered desalination would be ideal—if only the cost comes down.

TECHNOLOGYREVIEW.COM