2020年4月9日 星期四

equitable, parity, disparity,iniquity, human parity, income inequality, deprived


Jeremy Farrar: We must work together, treating vital medicines as shared global goods which everyone receives equitably.

FT.COM

How to get the world from Covid-19 to Covid-Zero with just $8bn


Reaching new records in speech recognition - Watson - IBM

https://www.ibm.com/blogs/watson/.../reaching-new-records-in-speech-recognition/

Mar 7, 2017 - Reaching human parity – meaning an error rate on par with that of two humans speaking – has long been the ultimate industry goal. Others in the industry are chasing this milestone alongside us, and some have recently claimed reaching 5.9 percent as equivalent to human parity…but we're not popping ...


Free SAT test prep from Khan Academy is another way the Internet is making education more equitable.



 

Obama to Draw an Economic Line in State of the Union

By JACKIE CALMES
President Obama will use his election-year address to argue that it is the role of government to promote a prosperous and equitable society, setting a stark contrast between parties.

Income inequality


Who exactly are the 1%?


The very rich in America increasingly work in finance, marry each other and care passionately about politics


Income Inequality
Differences in income between individuals or families, or between different groups, areas, or countries. Inequalities between individuals are accounted for by differences in earning ability, and in property. Individuals who are economically inactive, through age, ill health, or inability to find a job usually have low incomes even after taking account of social security benefits, and those who can work have very varied earning power. Property is also unevenly distributed: inequalities in earned and property incomes are highly correlated and there is also a tendency for high-income earners to intermarry. This means that families or households also show great inequality of incomes. Inequality can be measured either before or after taking account of direct taxes and social security payments: these tend to reduce income inequality but fall far short of eliminating it. Measures of inequality include the Atkinson index and the Gini coefficient . Regional and national income differences are similarly caused by differences in earning ability and national capital stocks. .


However, the use of purchasing-power parity is better to gauge incomes and living standards. It works less well as a measure of economic influence, since goods in the real world have to be paid for with currencies at actual exchange rates.
然而利用購買力平價方式對測算收入和生活水平更為有效﹐測算經濟影響力時的效果會大打折扣﹐因為真實世界的商品必須根據實際匯率用貨幣支付。


PERISH. 'Let the authority of the English government perish rather
than be maintained by iniquity,' ii. 121.


6祭肉,應在你們祭獻的當天或第二天吃盡;有剩下的,到第三天應用火燒了。6You shall eat it on the same day it was offered, and the next day: and whatsoever shall be left until the third day, you shall burn with fire.
7若還有人在第三天吃,這肉已不潔,必不蒙悅納。7If after two days ally man eat thereof, he shall be profane and guilty of impiety:
8那吃的人,必負罪債,因為他褻瀆了上主的聖物;這人應由民間剷除。8And shall bear his iniquity, because he hath defiled the holy thing of the Lord, and that soul shall perish from among his people.



1 Corinthians 13:1 [hb5] 我若能說萬人的方言、並天使的話語、卻沒有愛、我就成了鳴的鑼、響的鈸一般。
[kjv] Though I speak with the tongues of men and of angels, and have not charity, I am become as sounding brass, or a tinkling cymbal.
[bbe] If I make use of the tongues of men and of angels, and have not love, I am like sounding brass, or a loud-tongued bell.
13:2 [hb5] 我若有先知講道之能、也明白各樣的奧祕、各樣的知識.而且有全備的信、叫我能夠移山、卻沒有愛、我就算不得甚麼。
[kjv] And though I have the gift of prophecy, and understand all mysteries, and all knowledge; and though I have all faith, so that I could remove mountains, and have not charity, I am nothing.
[bbe] And if I have a prophet's power, and have knowledge of all secret things; and if I have all faith, by which mountains may be moved from their place, but have not love, I am nothing.
13:3 [hb5] 我若將所有的賙濟窮人、又捨己身叫人焚燒、卻沒有愛、仍然與我無益。
[kjv] And though I bestow all my goods to feed the poor, and though I give my body to be burned, and have not charity, it profiteth me nothing.
[bbe] And if I give all my goods to the poor, and if I give my body to be burned, but have not love, it is of no profit to me.
13:4 [hb5] 愛是恆久忍耐、又有恩慈.愛是不嫉妒.愛是不自誇.不張狂.
[kjv] Charity suffereth long, and is kind; charity envieth not; charity vaunteth not itself, is not puffed up,
[bbe] Love is never tired of waiting; love is kind; love has no envy; love has no high opinion of itself, love has no pride;
13:5 [hb5] 不作害羞的事.不求自己的益處.不輕易發怒.不計算人的惡.
[kjv] Doth not behave itself unseemly, seeketh not her own, is not easily provoked, thinketh no evil;
[bbe] Love's ways are ever fair, it takes no thought for itself; it is not quickly made angry, it takes no account of evil;
13:6 [hb5] 不喜歡不義.只喜歡真理.
[kjv] Rejoiceth not in iniquity, but rejoiceth in the truth;
[bbe] It takes no pleasure in wrongdoing, but has joy in what is true;
13:7 [hb5] 凡事包容.凡事相信.凡事盼望.凡事忍耐。
[kjv] Beareth all things, believeth all things, hopeth all things, endureth all things.
[bbe] Love has the power of undergoing all things, having faith in all things, hoping all things.
13:8 [hb5] 愛是永不止息.先知講道之能、終必歸於無有.說方言之能、終必停止、知識也終必歸於無有。
[kjv] Charity never faileth: but whether there be prophecies, they shall fail; whether there be tongues, they shall cease; whether there be knowledge, it shall vanish away.
[bbe] Though the prophet's word may come to an end, tongues come to nothing, and knowledge have no more value, love has no end.
13:9 [hb5] 我們現在所知道的有限、先知所講的也有限.
[kjv] For we know in part, and we prophesy in part.
[bbe] For our knowledge is only in part, and the prophet's word gives only a part of what is true:


Growing Disparities



disparity 

noun [C or U] SLIGHTLY FORMAL
a lack of equality and similarity, especially in a way that is not fair:
the growing disparity between rich and poor


deprive
verb [T]
to take something, especially something necessary or pleasant, away from someone:
He claimed that he had been deprived of his freedom/rights.
You can't function properly when you're deprived of sleep.

deprivation
noun [C or U]
when you do not have things or conditions that are usually considered necessary for a pleasant life:
They used sleep deprivation as a form of torture.
There is awful deprivation in the shanty towns.
There were food shortages and other deprivations during the Civil War.

deprived 
adjective
not having the things that are necessary for a pleasant life, such as enough money, food or good living conditions:
She had a deprived childhood/comes from a deprived background.
a deprived area

parity
Business and Economics
In economics, equality in price, rate of exchange, purchasing power, or wages. In international exchange, parity exists when the exchange rate between two currencies makes the purchasing power of both currencies equal. Adjustments to maintain parity can occur in the marketplace as prices change in response to supply and demand, or through the intervention of national governments or international agencies such as the International Monetary Fund. In U.S. agricultural economics, the term parity is used for a system of regulating the prices of farm commodities, usually by government price supports and production quotas, to guarantee farmers the purchasing power they had in a past base period. Parity is also used in personnel administration to establish equitable wage rates for various classes of employees.


In·e·qual·i·ty
n. pl. Inequalities .
[L. inaequalitas.]
1. The quality of being unequal; difference, or lack of equality, in any respect; lack of uniformity; disproportion; unevenness; disparity; diversity; as, an inequality in size, stature, numbers, power, distances, motions, rank, property, etc.
There is so great an inequality in the length of our legs and arms as makes it impossible for us to walk on all four.
Ray.
Notwithstanding which inequality of number, it was resolved in a council of war to fight the Dutch fleet.
Ludlow.
Sympathy is rarely strong where there is a great inequality of condition.
Macaulay.
2. Unevenness; lack of levelness; the alternate rising and falling of a surface; as, the inequalities of the surface of the earth, or of a marble slab, etc.
The country is cut into so many hills and inequalities as renders it defensible.
Addison.
3. Variableness; changeableness; inconstancy; lack of smoothness or equability; deviation; unsteadiness, as of the weather, feelings, etc.
Inequality of air is ever an enemy to health.
Bacon.
4. Disproportion to any office or purpose; inadequacy; competency; as, the inequality of terrestrial things to the wants of a rational soul. South.
5. (Alg.) An expression consisting of two unequal quantities, with the sign of inequality (inequality 2
6. (Astron.) An irregularity, or a deviation, in the motion of a planet or satellite from its uniform mean motion; the amount of such deviation.


in·iq·ui·ty (ĭ-nĭk'wĭ-tē) pronunciation
n., pl., -ties.
  1. Gross immorality or injustice; wickedness.
  2. A grossly immoral act; a sin.
[Middle English iniquite, from Old French, from Latin inīquitās, from inīquus, unjust, harmful : in-, not; see in-1 + aequus, equal.]


Pronunciation: /ˈɛkwɪtəb(ə)l/

Definition of equitable in English:

adjective

1Fair and impartial:the equitable distribution of resources
2Law Valid in equity as distinct from law:the difference between legal and equitable rightsthe beneficiaries have an equitable interest in the property

iniquity


 音節
in • iq • ui • ty
発音
iníkwəti
iniquityの変化形
iniquities (複数形)
[名]((形式))[U]ひどい不正[不法];邪悪, 非道;[C]不正[不法, 邪悪]な行為, 悪行;罪

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