pecuniary, economy. have no sort of rational justification, and that one man’s world of beliefs is apt to be incompatible with another man’s, so that they cannot both be right.

“If you wish to become a philosopher, the first thing to realise is that most people go through life with a whole world of beliefs that have no sort of rational justification, and that one man’s world of beliefs is apt to be incompatible with another man’s, so that they cannot both be right. People’s opinions are mainly designed to make them feel comfortable; truth, for most people is a secondary consideration.”

— Bertrand Russell, The Art of Philosophizing: And Other Essays…

“If you wish to become a philosopher, the first thing to realise is that most people go through life with a whole world of beliefs that have no sort of rational justification, and that one man’s world of beliefs is apt to be incompatible with another man’s, so that they cannot both be right. People’s opinions are mainly designed to make them feel comfortable; truth, for most people is a secondary consideration.”

— Bertrand Russell, The Art of Philosophizing: And Other Essays…

Industrial and pecuniary employments

71 货币经济与非货币经济 Pecuniary and Non-Pecuniary Economies

可以根據語源學，由許多字詞在農業時代與工業時代的不同意義，而看出社會的變遷（例如英文「傳播」broadcast本指用手撒種子；「金錢上的」pecuniary原意為「數牛」，源自拉丁文pecus「母牛」）。

pecuniary

(pĭ-kyū'nē-ĕr'ē)
adj.

1. Of or relating to money: a pecuniary loss; pecuniary motives.
2. Requiring payment of money: a pecuniary offense.

[Latin pecūniārius, from pecūnia, property, wealth.] from Sancrit? "head of cattle?)

e·con·o·my (ĭ-kŏn'ə-mē)

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n., pl. -mies.

1. 1. Careful, thrifty management of resources, such as money, materials, or labor: learned to practice economy in making out the household budget.
   2. An example or result of such management; a saving.
2. 1. The system or range of economic activity in a country, region, or community: Effects of inflation were felt at every level of the economy.
   2. A specific type of economic system: an industrial economy; a planned economy.
3. An orderly, functional arrangement of parts; an organized system: “the sense that there is a moral economy in the world, that good is rewarded and evil is punished” (George F. Will).
4. Efficient, sparing, or conservative use: wrote with an economy of language.
5. The least expensive class of accommodations, especially on an airplane.
6. Theology. The method of God's government of and activity within the world.

adj.

Economical or inexpensive to buy or use: an economy car; an economy motel.

[Middle English yconomye, management of a household, from Latin oeconomia, from Greek oikonomiā, from oikonomos, manager of a household : oikos, house + nemein, to allot, manage.]

WORD HISTORY Managing an economy has at least an etymological justification. The word economy can be traced back to the Greek word oikonomos, “one who manages a household,” derived from oikos, “house,” and nemein, “to manage.” From oikonomos was derived oikonomiā, which had not only the sense “management of a household or family” but also senses such as “thrift,” “direction,” “administration,” “arrangement,” and “public revenue of a state.” The first recorded sense of our word economy, found in a work possibly composed in 1440, is “the management of economic affairs,” in this case, of a monastery. Economy is later recorded in other senses shared by oikonomiā in Greek, including “thrift” and “administration.” What is probably our most frequently used current sense, “the economic system of a country or an area,” seems not to have developed until the 19th or 20th century.