與馬丁午餐後看Castiglione：《The Book of the Courtier》
節錄︰
此書乃十六世紀文藝復興時期意大利外交官兼文人Castiglione的政治及禮儀作品，今人只知當時馬基維里的《君王論》，而不知有另一本奇書《廷臣論》。《君王論》教人領導權術，而《廷臣論》則教人在宮廷中當官而不失優雅風範，此書1528年在威尼斯出版，隨即風行一時，被翻譯成西班牙文、德文、拉丁文及英文，整個歐洲貴族人手一本，暢銷程度超越《君王論》。本書內容是虛構烏比諾公爵在四個夜晚與廷臣對話，主題是究竟如何才能成為一個完美的廷臣及貴族婦女，實踐起來時又應該如何入手。書內提出一個概念，叫做Sprezzatura，作者認為廷臣應表現出漫不經心的，一言一行毫不費勁，甚至像不加思考一樣的姿態。原文英譯是"a certain nonchalance, so as to conceal all art and make whatever one does or says appear to be without effort and almost without any thought about it"，這意大利文有一個絕配的中文翻譯，叫「舉重若輕」，王公交託重任予廷臣，應以遊刃有餘，從容不迫的態度去完成，所言所行像毫不經意，不着痕跡，這才顯示出自己的才能，即使「身水身汗」，也應該隱藏起來，不要顯露人前。
此書乃十六世紀文藝復興時期意大利外交官兼文人Castiglione的政治及禮儀作品，今人只知當時馬基維里的《君王論》，而不知有另一本奇書《廷臣論》。《君王論》教人領導權術，而《廷臣論》則教人在宮廷中當官而不失優雅風範，此書1528年在威尼斯出版，隨即風行一時，被翻譯成西班牙文、德文、拉丁文及英文，整個歐洲貴族人手一本，暢銷程度超越《君王論》。本書內容是虛構烏比諾公爵在四個夜晚與廷臣對話，主題是究竟如何才能成為一個完美的廷臣及貴族婦女，實踐起來時又應該如何入手。書內提出一個概念，叫做Sprezzatura，作者認為廷臣應表現出漫不經心的，一言一行毫不費勁，甚至像不加思考一樣的姿態。原文英譯是"a certain nonchalance, so as to conceal all art and make whatever one does or says appear to be without effort and almost without any thought about it"，這意大利文有一個絕配的中文翻譯，叫「舉重若輕」，王公交託重任予廷臣，應以遊刃有餘，從容不迫的態度去完成，所言所行像毫不經意，不着痕跡，這才顯示出自己的才能，即使「身水身汗」，也應該隱藏起來，不要顯露人前。
“I do want us to be uneasy about the grim realities of black men and families and the widespread nonchalance about poverty,” former Massachusetts Governor Deval L. Patrick told Harvard graduates in his Commencement speech.
Patrick Urges Graduates to Feel ‘Uneasy’ About Society’s Issues | News |...
During Thursday’s Commencement Day Afternoon Exercises, former...
THECRIMSON.COM
In this week’s issue, John McPhee recalls his bewilderment the first time he encountered the word “sprezzatura.” He should have asked Roger Angell.
Sprezzatura
George Frazier found “sprezzatura” somewhere—it meant spirit and nonchalance: cool—and laid it as a laurel on people he particularly admired.
NEWYORKER.COM|由 ROGER ANGELL 上傳
A molecule that can block the progress of Alzheimer’s disease at a crucial stage in its development has been identified by researchers in a new study, raising the prospect that more such molecules may now be found.
Molecular inhibitor breaks cycle that leads to Alzheimer’s
A molecular chaperone has been found to inhibit a key stage in the...
CAM.AC.UK
How to Serve a Burger at 2,230 Feet
By BILL PENNINGTON
The story of Vail's never-frozen Epic Mountain burger. Hint: It includes a gondola ride.
Why did Marlene Dietrich get the US Presidential Medal of Freedom? Screen siren Marlene Dietrich was born on December 27, 1901, in Berlin, Germany. Her career took her to the US, where in 1939 she became a citizen. When the Nazis rose to power in her homeland, Dietrich became an outspoken opponent. She said that she had been approached by Nazi Party representatives to return to Germany, but she refused. Instead, she made anti-Nazi propaganda recordings in German, and once the US entered World War II, she traveled to military bases in the US and on the front lines in France, Italy, England and Algeria to entertain Allied troops. One of the first celebrities to campaign for the purchase of war bonds, she is said to have sold more than any other star. At the end of the war, in 1945, Dietrich was awarded both the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Chevalier of the French Legion of Honor for her efforts.
chaperone
Line breaks: chap|er¦one
Pronunciation: /ˈʃapərəʊn/
(also chaperon /ˈʃapərɒn/)
Definition of chaperone in English:
NOUN
1A person who accompanies and looks after another person or group of people.
.1
dated An older woman responsible for thedecorous behaviour of a young unmarried girl at social occasions:chaperones sat at the edge of the dance,gossiping and watching
VERB [WITH OBJECT]
Accompany and look after or supervise:she chaperoned the children at all times
Origin
late Middle English (denoting a hood or cap, regarded as giving protection): from French, feminine of chaperon'hood', diminutive of chape (see chape). The current sense dates from the early 18th century.
Derivatives
chaperonage 1
Pronunciation: /ˈʃap(ə)r(ə)nɪdʒ/
Chaperone (protein), a protein that assists non-covalent folding/unfolding in molecular biology
Co-chaperone, a protein that assists a chaperone in protein folding and other functions
Extracellular chaperone, a chaperone found in the extracellular space
Pharmacological chaperone, a small molecule which stabilizes the correct folding of a protein resulting in a recovery of function lost due to mutation, can be used for medical treatment
Chaperone-mediated autophagy, a selective type of autophagy
記cavalier attitude 的一些聯想
（謝謝瑞鱗、老朋友和小讀者的參與：）
hc 問：「有興趣討論 "cavalier attitude toward the budget deficit." 如何翻譯？
Mr. Kristol led by example, using The Public Interest to promote supply-side economics, a doctrine whose central claim - that tax cuts have such miraculous positive effects on the economy that they pay for themselves - has never been backed by evidence. He would later concede, or perhaps boast, that he had a "cavalier attitude toward the budget deficit." 」
【其實 必須了解點政治經濟學，才能準確翻譯。不過，SU 的朋友都導向CAVALIER ATTITUDE 之討論……… 最簡單的解釋:
cavalier (WITHOUT CARE) adjective DISAPPROVING
thoughtless and not caring about other people's feelings or safety:
例子：That's a rather cavalier attitude.
(from Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary) 】
---- 老朋友 留言：
RE ：Cavalier attitude toward something?
Well, that remind me of cavalier delinquncies.
---- hc 查辭典
Cavalier ：
━━ n. 騎士; （貴婦人の）付添い男, 踊り相手; やさ男; いんぎんな紳士; 【英史】（C-） (Charles I時代の）王党員.
━━ a. 高慢な; 無とん着な; 愛想のいい; （女性に対して）打ち解けた.
Showing arrogant or offhand disregard; dismissive: a cavalier attitude toward the suffering of others.
Carefree and nonchalant; jaunty.
Cavalier Of or relating to a group of 17th-century English poets associated with the court of Charles I.
[French, horseman, from Old Italian cavaliere, from Late Latin caballā rius, from Latin caballus, horse.]
【Yahoo！ Cavalier n. ( 名詞 noun)[C]
1. 騎士; 騎兵。2. ( 對女性) 殷勤的紳士; 護花使者。3. (C-)( 十七世紀英國查理一世時代的) 保王黨員
a. ( 形容詞 adjective)
1. 漫不經心的; 無憂無慮的
a cavalier reply 隨口作的回答
2. 傲慢的; 目空一切的
People were often irritated by his cavalier attitude toward them.
人們常常被他目空一切的態度弄得惱火。……】
-----
rl 留言：
re: 高慢 高（ ）慢（ ）
高慢 顏 ／擺出傲慢的面孔；高慢 奴／傲慢的傢伙。
以上參考謝逸朗主編《簡明日華辭典》
線上教育部國語辭典並未收錄此漢字詞組。佛學常見辭彙為：「貢高我慢」，
我猜這日文漢字詞組大概出自佛學詞彙。想深入了解此義，可請古狗協助。
---
hc 留言：
我查不到『佛學常見辭彙「貢高我慢」』之原始出處：網路上之資料似乎都為近人的「口頭禪」。所以對於 rl的猜想存疑。
（我以前稍為查過日文之「慢」，它用了古漢字之意（這除「傲慢」之外，已少用）。正如pride或proud 可以有雙意，日文之「自慢」等是正面義。）
---
rl 留言：的確，因為實在太多人常把它掛在嘴邊，所以令人覺得這是個「口頭禪」，但是，它千真萬確是修行「破我執」的目標之一。
我也不曉得原始出處，不過我認為可以參考《維摩詰所說經》：佛道品第八中經文所說：
以及《佛心經》：心中心相貌──佛心決定九云：
再談「高慢」：
下午三點半出門去了誠品台大店，特別在地下一樓日文工具書書架翻遍「可疑」的典籍，找到三省堂發行的《全訳漢辞海》1579頁，在「高慢」詞目下有一小字注明：（梁簡文帝‧悔高慢）
經古狗協尋，得知此注所指的應是《廣弘明集》內所收錄的梁簡文帝〈悔高慢文〉。
http://www.buddhist-canon.com/history/T520331b.htm
《漢辞海》為「高慢」所下的釋義為：……
即「驕傲自大、膲不起人」（此譯若不正確敬請指正）
話說回來，cavalier不只是傲慢而已，還帶有武斷的成分。
He cavalierly dismisses the theory of both Freud and Jung. (Walter Sutton)
經老朋友提醒才認真去查字典的rl
---hc 談google之高慢
日文至少有五頁介紹名著；
高慢と偏見Pride & Prejudice,【BBC Classic Drama 高慢と偏見 DVD……..】
******
老朋友 留言：
Cavalier attitude 怎譯怎行，隨上下文改變譯法也行。只要我譯的，都對；別人譯的，那總有得商榷。
請參考以下報導，cavalier 一詞使用兩次。兩次可以同樣譯法嗎？Na ja, Kavalierdelikte zaehlen sowieso nicht zu Verbrechen.
Homepage： http://web.israelinsider.com/Views/5069.htm
******
8/7/05 , PetitReader wrote:
紐約時報那篇和老朋友那篇以色列評論的 cavalier attitude, 似乎是下面這個意思 :：
*****
hc
【Webster's 1913 Dictionary
\Cav`a*lier"\, a. Gay; easy; offhand; frank.
The plodding, persevering scupulous accuracy of the one, and the easy, cavalier, verbal fluency of the other, form a complete contrast. --Hazlitt.
2. High-spirited. [Obs.] ``The people are naturally not
valiant, and not much cavalier.'' --Suckling.
3. Supercilious; haughty; disdainful; curt; brusque.
----兒戲, n., a child's play; v.t. to treat as child's play or cavalierly. 】
另外學：
Cavalier Servant in Italian cicisbe'o, and in Spanish cortejo. A gentleman that chaperones married ladies.
"Coach, servants, gondola, he goes to call,
And carries fan and tippet, gloves and shawl."
Byron: Beppo, st. xi. Source: Brewer's Dictionary.
A Gondola on the Grand Canal
---
attitude (OPINION) noun
1 [C or U] a feeling or opinion about something or someone, or a way of behaving that is caused by this: It's often very difficult to change people's attitudes. [+ that ] She takes the attitude that children should be allowed to learn at their own pace.
He has a very bad attitude to/towards work.
He seems to have undergone a change in/of attitude recently, and has become much more co-operative.
I don't like your attitude (= the way you are behaving) .
That boy has a real attitude problem (= behaves in a way that makes it difficult for other people to have a relationship with him or work with him) .2 [U] If you say that someone has attitude, you mean that they are confident and independent, often in a rude or unpleasant way.
attitude (POSITION)
noun [C] LITERARY
a position of the body:She lay sprawled across the sofa, in an attitude of complete abandon. strike an attitude FORMAL
to hold your body in a way which suggests a particular quality or feeling: He struck an attitude of offended dignity and marched out of the room.
(from Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary )
Cavalier attitude towards Egyptian treaty violationsBy Dr. Aaron Lerner February 25, 2005
How would Israeli officials react if Egypt announced that it would not even go through the motions of making a serious effort to stop the flow of weapons from the Egyptian Sinai to the Gaza Strip unless Israel forfeited its control of the border?
Would Foreign Minister Shalom quickly call his Egyptian counterpart to express his disappointment over Egypt's gross violation of its treaty obligations - and then immediately let the press know about the call?
Would Prime Minister Sharon get on the phone to Secretary of State Rice, sharing his concern that Egypt is undermining efforts to stabilize the situation?
Would Sharon's team let the "inner circle" of Israeli and foreign columnists know that the time has come for Egypt's free ride to come to an end?
Unfortunately, this is not a theoretical question.
This Wednesday Egyptian Foreign Minister Ahmad Abu al-Ghait told reporters in Cairo that "Israel must withdraw from the Salaheddin (Philadelphi) corridor before Egyptian forces move into the Egyptian-Palestinian border line."
Over 24 hours later the Israeli response remains stone silence.
Not an outward silence hiding a flurry of diplomatic activity but instead the kind of cavalier "yihyeh b'seder" (it will be OK) silence that cost the Jewish State so dearly in the past.
Here's the line-up:
Egypt's central "contribution" to "progress" in Palestinian-Israeli relations has been to push for arrangements to insure that the most radical Palestinian militiamen in the Gaza Strip remain armed.
PA chairman Mahmoud Abbas has made it clear that he intends to turn all the Palestinian gunmen into PA security men.
Thanks to an Israeli policy vacuum, for the foreseeable future, any weapons system - regardless of its sophistication - "seized" by the PA from Palestinian sources can be added to the PA's armories. That's PA armories that will serve the radical gunmen turned cops.
Given the above, it comes as no wonder that Egypt is so keen on pressing Israel to clear out from the border area - a move that would make it even easier for large scale weapons transfers to the Palestinians.
Why the Israeli silence? Yihyeh b'seder
After all, in truth Mr. Sharon originally wanted to unconditionally retreat from the Philadelphi Corridor as part of his disengagement plan. He was stopped at the time by a vocal IDF Chief of Staff Ya'alon. But Ya'alon is now to be replaced by former air force commander Halutz.
The air force thinks that whatever mess Israel may face after a complete withdrawal from the Gaza Strip can be addressed from the sky.
Ironically, when Eliezer Shkedy, the current air force commander, described this approach he explained that it would follow the South Lebanon model. That's an area that is now bristling with enough Katyusha rockets to carpet bomb northern Israel and where even innocuous Israeli monitoring over flights are roundly condemned in the UN.
Let's face it. Regardless of what Palestinian "enemies of peace" may fire into Israel, will the UN, Quartet, etc. countenance Israeli air strikes after the withdrawal to silence the Palestinian sources of fire if they are protected by human shields?
Yihyeh b'seder.
Yihyeh b'seder?
The Yihyeh b'seder brought us to the brink of destruction in the 1973 Yom Kippur War.
The Yihyeh b'seder brought us the madness of Oslo with the largest number of civilian casualties since founding of the Jewish State.
It is not the time for Yihyeh b'seder.
Egypt should be honoring its treaty obligations and stopping the flow of weapons across its border.
The Palestinians should be disarming the gunmen - not giving them dog tags.
And Israel should not be effectively forfeiting its right to control its security envelope.
Views expressed by the author do not necessarily reflect those of israelinsider.
chevalier
(shĕv'ə-lîr')
n.
[名]
1 （フランスの）勲爵士
a chevalier of the Legion of Honor
レジオンドヌール勲章佩(はい)用者.
2 《フランス史》騎士：最下位の貴族.
3 義侠(ぎきょう)心に富む人；((古))騎士.
［△CHIVALRY, CAVALIER］
A hivalrous
(adjective) Characterized by consideration and courtesy, especially toward women.
Synonyms:
knightly, gallant
Usage:
The respectful tenderness with which, on one knee before her, he helped her to remove her hat, and disentangle her pretty hair from it, was quite a chivalrous sight.
member of certain male orders of knighthood or merit, such as the Legion of Honor in France.
A F
chivalrous[chiv・al・rous]
発音記号[ʃívəlrəs]
[形]
1 騎士道（制度）の.
2 騎士道にかなった；勇敢な, 礼節を重んじる.
3 女性にやさしく礼儀正しい(courteous)；寛大な, 慈悲深い.
chiv・al・rous・ly [副]rench nobleman of the lowest rank.
Used as a title for such a nobleman.
A knight.
A chivalrous man.
[Middle English chevaler, from Old French chevalier, from Late Latin caballārius, horseman. See cavalier.]
nonchalant
Pronunciation: /ˈnɒnʃ(ə)l(ə)nt/
adjective
(Of a person or manner) feeling or appearing casually calm and relaxed; not displaying anxiety,interest, or enthusiasm:
she gave a nonchalant shrug
Pronunciation: /ˈʃapərəʊn/
(also chaperon /ˈʃapərɒn/)
Definition of chaperone in English:
NOUN
1A person who accompanies and looks after another person or group of people.
.1
dated An older woman responsible for thedecorous behaviour of a young unmarried girl at social occasions:chaperones sat at the edge of the dance,gossiping and watching
VERB [WITH OBJECT]
Accompany and look after or supervise:she chaperoned the children at all times
Origin
late Middle English (denoting a hood or cap, regarded as giving protection): from French, feminine of chaperon'hood', diminutive of chape (see chape). The current sense dates from the early 18th century.
Derivatives
chaperonage 1
Pronunciation: /ˈʃap(ə)r(ə)nɪdʒ/
Chaperone (protein), a protein that assists non-covalent folding/unfolding in molecular biology
Co-chaperone, a protein that assists a chaperone in protein folding and other functions
Extracellular chaperone, a chaperone found in the extracellular space
Pharmacological chaperone, a small molecule which stabilizes the correct folding of a protein resulting in a recovery of function lost due to mutation, can be used for medical treatment
Chaperone-mediated autophagy, a selective type of autophagy
記cavalier attitude 的一些聯想
（謝謝瑞鱗、老朋友和小讀者的參與：）
hc 問：「有興趣討論 "cavalier attitude toward the budget deficit." 如何翻譯？
Mr. Kristol led by example, using The Public Interest to promote supply-side economics, a doctrine whose central claim - that tax cuts have such miraculous positive effects on the economy that they pay for themselves - has never been backed by evidence. He would later concede, or perhaps boast, that he had a "cavalier attitude toward the budget deficit." 」
【其實 必須了解點政治經濟學，才能準確翻譯。不過，SU 的朋友都導向CAVALIER ATTITUDE 之討論……… 最簡單的解釋:
cavalier (WITHOUT CARE) adjective DISAPPROVING
thoughtless and not caring about other people's feelings or safety:
例子：That's a rather cavalier attitude.
(from Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary) 】
---- 老朋友 留言：
RE ：Cavalier attitude toward something?
Well, that remind me of cavalier delinquncies.
---- hc 查辭典
Cavalier ：
━━ n. 騎士; （貴婦人の）付添い男, 踊り相手; やさ男; いんぎんな紳士; 【英史】（C-） (Charles I時代の）王党員.
━━ a. 高慢な; 無とん着な; 愛想のいい; （女性に対して）打ち解けた.
Showing arrogant or offhand disregard; dismissive: a cavalier attitude toward the suffering of others.
Carefree and nonchalant; jaunty.
Cavalier Of or relating to a group of 17th-century English poets associated with the court of Charles I.
[French, horseman, from Old Italian cavaliere, from Late Latin caballā rius, from Latin caballus, horse.]
【Yahoo！ Cavalier n. ( 名詞 noun)[C]
1. 騎士; 騎兵。2. ( 對女性) 殷勤的紳士; 護花使者。3. (C-)( 十七世紀英國查理一世時代的) 保王黨員
a. ( 形容詞 adjective)
1. 漫不經心的; 無憂無慮的
a cavalier reply 隨口作的回答
2. 傲慢的; 目空一切的
People were often irritated by his cavalier attitude toward them.
人們常常被他目空一切的態度弄得惱火。……】
-----
rl 留言：
re: 高慢 高（ ）慢（ ）
高慢 顏 ／擺出傲慢的面孔；高慢 奴／傲慢的傢伙。
以上參考謝逸朗主編《簡明日華辭典》
線上教育部國語辭典並未收錄此漢字詞組。佛學常見辭彙為：「貢高我慢」，
我猜這日文漢字詞組大概出自佛學詞彙。想深入了解此義，可請古狗協助。
---
hc 留言：
我查不到『佛學常見辭彙「貢高我慢」』之原始出處：網路上之資料似乎都為近人的「口頭禪」。所以對於 rl的猜想存疑。
（我以前稍為查過日文之「慢」，它用了古漢字之意（這除「傲慢」之外，已少用）。正如pride或proud 可以有雙意，日文之「自慢」等是正面義。）
---
rl 留言：的確，因為實在太多人常把它掛在嘴邊，所以令人覺得這是個「口頭禪」，但是，它千真萬確是修行「破我執」的目標之一。
我也不曉得原始出處，不過我認為可以參考《維摩詰所說經》：佛道品第八中經文所說：
或為邑中主。或作商人導。國師及大臣。以祐利眾生。諸有貧窮者。現作無盡藏。因以勸導之。令發菩提心。我心憍慢者。為現大力士。消伏諸貢高。令住無上道。
以及《佛心經》：心中心相貌──佛心決定九云：
九者，不欺眾、不嫌法，不我慢、不增上，不執著、不誑他，常行質直。所修行願一一記持，佛及僧寶接足承事，所禮尊像不輕慢禮，一一如法，是名第九心。
再談「高慢」：
下午三點半出門去了誠品台大店，特別在地下一樓日文工具書書架翻遍「可疑」的典籍，找到三省堂發行的《全訳漢辞海》1579頁，在「高慢」詞目下有一小字注明：（梁簡文帝‧悔高慢）
經古狗協尋，得知此注所指的應是《廣弘明集》內所收錄的梁簡文帝〈悔高慢文〉。
http://www.buddhist-canon.com/history/T520331b.htm
《漢辞海》為「高慢」所下的釋義為：……
即「驕傲自大、膲不起人」（此譯若不正確敬請指正）
話說回來，cavalier不只是傲慢而已，還帶有武斷的成分。
He cavalierly dismisses the theory of both Freud and Jung. (Walter Sutton)
經老朋友提醒才認真去查字典的rl
---hc 談google之高慢
日文至少有五頁介紹名著；
高慢と偏見Pride & Prejudice,【BBC Classic Drama 高慢と偏見 DVD……..】
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老朋友 留言：
Cavalier attitude 怎譯怎行，隨上下文改變譯法也行。只要我譯的，都對；別人譯的，那總有得商榷。
請參考以下報導，cavalier 一詞使用兩次。兩次可以同樣譯法嗎？Na ja, Kavalierdelikte zaehlen sowieso nicht zu Verbrechen.
Homepage： http://web.israelinsider.com/Views/5069.htm
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8/7/05 , PetitReader wrote:
紐約時報那篇和老朋友那篇以色列評論的 cavalier attitude, 似乎是下面這個意思 :：
把事情看得太容易, 小看問題, 一種輕忽, 滿不在乎的簡慢輕慢態度 . 或是你不懂啦, 稍安勿燥, 別操心 , 一切有我 , 胸有成竹 , 緊張什麼? 哪那麼嚴重? 何必大驚小怪? 小事情, 沒問題, 我最懂 , 你勿憂 , 聽我的 , 包在我身上, 安啦. don't worry, be happy...I'll take care of everything...everything will be ok.猜想也是源自於當初 "騎士一拍胸脯 , 一馬衝先的英勇 "吧.
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hc
【Webster's 1913 Dictionary
\Cav`a*lier"\, a. Gay; easy; offhand; frank.
The plodding, persevering scupulous accuracy of the one, and the easy, cavalier, verbal fluency of the other, form a complete contrast. --Hazlitt.
2. High-spirited. [Obs.] ``The people are naturally not
valiant, and not much cavalier.'' --Suckling.
3. Supercilious; haughty; disdainful; curt; brusque.
----兒戲, n., a child's play; v.t. to treat as child's play or cavalierly. 】
另外學：
Cavalier Servant in Italian cicisbe'o, and in Spanish cortejo. A gentleman that chaperones married ladies.
"Coach, servants, gondola, he goes to call,
And carries fan and tippet, gloves and shawl."
Byron: Beppo, st. xi. Source: Brewer's Dictionary.
A Gondola on the Grand Canal
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attitude (OPINION) noun
1 [C or U] a feeling or opinion about something or someone, or a way of behaving that is caused by this: It's often very difficult to change people's attitudes. [+ that ] She takes the attitude that children should be allowed to learn at their own pace.
He has a very bad attitude to/towards work.
He seems to have undergone a change in/of attitude recently, and has become much more co-operative.
I don't like your attitude (= the way you are behaving) .
That boy has a real attitude problem (= behaves in a way that makes it difficult for other people to have a relationship with him or work with him) .2 [U] If you say that someone has attitude, you mean that they are confident and independent, often in a rude or unpleasant way.
attitude (POSITION)
noun [C] LITERARY
a position of the body:She lay sprawled across the sofa, in an attitude of complete abandon. strike an attitude FORMAL
to hold your body in a way which suggests a particular quality or feeling: He struck an attitude of offended dignity and marched out of the room.
(from Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary )
Cavalier attitude towards Egyptian treaty violationsBy Dr. Aaron Lerner February 25, 2005
How would Israeli officials react if Egypt announced that it would not even go through the motions of making a serious effort to stop the flow of weapons from the Egyptian Sinai to the Gaza Strip unless Israel forfeited its control of the border?
Would Foreign Minister Shalom quickly call his Egyptian counterpart to express his disappointment over Egypt's gross violation of its treaty obligations - and then immediately let the press know about the call?
Would Prime Minister Sharon get on the phone to Secretary of State Rice, sharing his concern that Egypt is undermining efforts to stabilize the situation?
Would Sharon's team let the "inner circle" of Israeli and foreign columnists know that the time has come for Egypt's free ride to come to an end?
Unfortunately, this is not a theoretical question.
This Wednesday Egyptian Foreign Minister Ahmad Abu al-Ghait told reporters in Cairo that "Israel must withdraw from the Salaheddin (Philadelphi) corridor before Egyptian forces move into the Egyptian-Palestinian border line."
Over 24 hours later the Israeli response remains stone silence.
Not an outward silence hiding a flurry of diplomatic activity but instead the kind of cavalier "yihyeh b'seder" (it will be OK) silence that cost the Jewish State so dearly in the past.
Here's the line-up:
Egypt's central "contribution" to "progress" in Palestinian-Israeli relations has been to push for arrangements to insure that the most radical Palestinian militiamen in the Gaza Strip remain armed.
PA chairman Mahmoud Abbas has made it clear that he intends to turn all the Palestinian gunmen into PA security men.
Thanks to an Israeli policy vacuum, for the foreseeable future, any weapons system - regardless of its sophistication - "seized" by the PA from Palestinian sources can be added to the PA's armories. That's PA armories that will serve the radical gunmen turned cops.
Given the above, it comes as no wonder that Egypt is so keen on pressing Israel to clear out from the border area - a move that would make it even easier for large scale weapons transfers to the Palestinians.
Why the Israeli silence? Yihyeh b'seder
After all, in truth Mr. Sharon originally wanted to unconditionally retreat from the Philadelphi Corridor as part of his disengagement plan. He was stopped at the time by a vocal IDF Chief of Staff Ya'alon. But Ya'alon is now to be replaced by former air force commander Halutz.
The air force thinks that whatever mess Israel may face after a complete withdrawal from the Gaza Strip can be addressed from the sky.
Ironically, when Eliezer Shkedy, the current air force commander, described this approach he explained that it would follow the South Lebanon model. That's an area that is now bristling with enough Katyusha rockets to carpet bomb northern Israel and where even innocuous Israeli monitoring over flights are roundly condemned in the UN.
Let's face it. Regardless of what Palestinian "enemies of peace" may fire into Israel, will the UN, Quartet, etc. countenance Israeli air strikes after the withdrawal to silence the Palestinian sources of fire if they are protected by human shields?
Yihyeh b'seder.
Yihyeh b'seder?
The Yihyeh b'seder brought us to the brink of destruction in the 1973 Yom Kippur War.
The Yihyeh b'seder brought us the madness of Oslo with the largest number of civilian casualties since founding of the Jewish State.
It is not the time for Yihyeh b'seder.
Egypt should be honoring its treaty obligations and stopping the flow of weapons across its border.
The Palestinians should be disarming the gunmen - not giving them dog tags.
And Israel should not be effectively forfeiting its right to control its security envelope.
Views expressed by the author do not necessarily reflect those of israelinsider.
chevalier
(shĕv'ə-lîr')
n.
[名]
1 （フランスの）勲爵士
a chevalier of the Legion of Honor
レジオンドヌール勲章佩(はい)用者.
2 《フランス史》騎士：最下位の貴族.
3 義侠(ぎきょう)心に富む人；((古))騎士.
［△CHIVALRY, CAVALIER］
A hivalrous
(adjective) Characterized by consideration and courtesy, especially toward women.
Synonyms:
knightly, gallant
Usage:
The respectful tenderness with which, on one knee before her, he helped her to remove her hat, and disentangle her pretty hair from it, was quite a chivalrous sight.
member of certain male orders of knighthood or merit, such as the Legion of Honor in France.
A F
chivalrous[chiv・al・rous]
発音記号[ʃívəlrəs]
[形]
1 騎士道（制度）の.
2 騎士道にかなった；勇敢な, 礼節を重んじる.
3 女性にやさしく礼儀正しい(courteous)；寛大な, 慈悲深い.
chiv・al・rous・ly [副]rench nobleman of the lowest rank.
Used as a title for such a nobleman.
A knight.
A chivalrous man.
[Middle English chevaler, from Old French chevalier, from Late Latin caballārius, horseman. See cavalier.]
nonchalant
Pronunciation: /ˈnɒnʃ(ə)l(ə)nt/
adjective
(Of a person or manner) feeling or appearing casually calm and relaxed; not displaying anxiety,interest, or enthusiasm:
she gave a nonchalant shrug
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