outfall 瀉口、出口，排泄口，突出，拋下、洩水
Work，outfall 出口工程
Storm outfall 雨水管出口
outfall，wastewater 廢水放流口
outfall，storm 雨水管出口
outfall work 出口工程
outfall sewer 出口下水道
outfall pipe 排水管
參考文章：
Predicting the Impact of Relocating Boston's Sewage Outfall - USGS ...
USGS Fact Sheet 185-97
---日文、法文
out・fall
━━ n. 川［はけ，落ち］口.
outfall: of river embouchure f; (of drain, sewer) �coulement m
Warning over 'major' sewage spill
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Pumping equipment at the Seafield Wastewater Treatment Plant in Leith failed at 1630 BST on Friday. Thames Water, who run the plant, said 1,000 litres a second of partially diluted untreated sewage had been pumping into the Forth. The Scottish Environment Protection Agency said a major solution is needed. A Sepa spokesman said emergency measures to "minimize the risk of pollution" were being put in place.
He added: "Everything that needs to be done is being done." Engineering works were expected to continue throughout the weekend. Thames Water said it had not shut the plant down as it deals with most of the capital's waste - from about 800,000 people. Spokeswoman Hillary Bennet said: "Sewage is still pumping into the Firth of Forth. We're installing temporary pumping equipment which we expect will prevent further discharges from the pumping station." Environmental health officers with Edinburgh City Council advised anyone who uses waterfront recreational areas to avoid contact with the water.
The council said it was very concerned about the incident. Council leader Ewan Aitken said: "We urge people to ensure they maintain high standards of personal hygiene and do not take anything home from the beach until sewage has dispersed." The council has put up warning notices along the shore in areas which may potentially be affected to warn residents and visitors. Concerned locals are being advised to contact the environmental health service. Residents in Leith have been campaigning for years about the smell from the plant and say it is not fit for purpose. Rob Kirkwood, the chairman of Leith Links Residents' Association, said: "It has an infrastructure that is basically Third World technology." | |||||
We urge people to ensure they maintain high standards of personal hygiene and do not take anything home from the beach until sewage has dispersed 
Apology for 'catastrophic' spill
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The company has promised the temporary pumps it has been installing over the weekend would solve the problem. As much as a hundred million litres of sewage may have been discharged after a pump failure at Seafield Wastewater Treatment Plant in Leith on Friday. The apology came amid a row over the risk to public health after the public was warned to avoid contact with water. Residents have complained they were not informed quickly enough that beaches might be contaminated. And Scotland's First Minister Jack McConnell has called for a full investigation. Approximately 1,000 litres a second of partially diluted sewage has been pumping into the Forth. The plant, run by Thames Water, treats sewage for 800,000 people in and around Edinburgh. 'Catastrophic failure' Helen Lennox, Scottish Water's head of corporate affairs, apologised to customers for the inconvenience caused. She said: "This was a catastrophic failure at a pumping station and we have been working around the clock to fix it.
"On investigation our engineers found the repair was a much larger operation than first anticipated and we have had to locate specialist pumps from other parts of the UK". The Scottish Environment Protection Agency has already said that emergency measures to "minimize the risk of pollution" were being put in place and has warned the public not to come into contact with the water. The failure affected just one of the flows going into the treatment works and that Seafield continued to treat the rest of its intake as normal. John Rae, the General Manager of Customer Operations for Scottish Water, explained the sewage flow would have to be diverted before higher capacity pumps could be installed. "The line that's coming in where we have the problem is only about a quarter of the total flow that Thames actually treat. Now in saying that, it's still a huge flow that's actually coming in - so they have to be able to divert that fully to stop the emergency overflow from running." Investigation calls Gordon Greenhill, head of community safety at Edinburgh City Council, said the sewage spill raised public health concerns but would not be a long-term environmental problem.
"The volume of sewage going into the Forth estuary is a concern as it has the capacity to come back on to the shore," he said. "Any raw sewage has human pathogens in it which has the capacity to make people ill." Residents in Leith have long campaigned about the smell from the plant. Rob Kirkwood, the chairman of Leith Links Residents' Association, said: "It has an infrastructure that is basically Third World technology." Meanwhile Scotland's First Minister Mr McConnell said that it was essential that there was an "immediate investigation into the mechanical failure that has apparently caused this spillage and what action needs to be taken as soon as possible to ensure that such a mechanical failure does not occur again". The SNP and the Scottish Greens questioned the viability of the private finance initiative scheme that was used to install and manage the treatment facilities at Seafield. And Conservative deputy leader Murdo Fraser called the incident a "catastrophe" for the local environment. In L’Aquila, the regional capital, the earthquake caused “significant damage to monuments,” said Giuseppe Proietti, secretary general of the Italian Culture Ministry. The rear part of the apse of the Romanesque basilica of Santa Maria di Collemaggio, much of which was restored in the 20th century, collapsed and cupolas in at least two churches in the historic center had cracked open. TECHNOLOGY A Modern-Day Treasure Hunt The hand-held Global Positioning System device clicked down the number of feet separating the three treasure hunters and their target, an old red caboose at Bladensburg Waterfront Park. (By Jenna Johnson, The Washington Post) Cupola or "standard" caboosenoun [C] SPECIALIZED the rounded or many-sided end of especially the east end of a church noun [C] a small dome (= round roof) on top of a building caboose noun [C] US FOR guard's van 日本語 (Japanese) n. - 乗務員車 n. - 守車, 輪船上的廚房 | ||||
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