disparate, unwieldy, heuristic, unequal to,

Leave your heirs €2m ($2.5m) in Germany, and they will pay 19% in taxes on it. Give them a €2m business and they will pay little or nothing. On December 17th, Germany’s constitutional court decided that the disparate treatment was “disproportionate”. The German parliament now has until June 30th 2016 to level the playing field between business and non-business inheritances http://econ.st/1wFmh7o
Bitcoin's success has revealed three weaknesses. It is not as secure and anonymous as it seems; the "mining" system that both increases the Bitcoin supply and ensures the integrity of the currency has led to an unsustainable computational arms-race; and the distributed-ledger system is becoming unwieldy http://econ.st/18qAGLf


 Beyond the personal infighting, bigger questions loom. The BBC Trust now looks especially vulnerable. Its unwieldy governance structure, drawn up in 2006 in response to a clash with the then Labour government over coverage of the run-up to the war in Iraq, looks unequal to the task of financial oversight.


Firefighters' Survivor Benefits Value Some Lives Over Others

By JACK HEALY

In life, firefighters from disparate states and backgrounds work side by side. But in death, families say, they are sifted into categories based on their official employment status. 

Alliances In Health Debate Splinter
Months of relative cooperation among disparate interest groups in the heath-care reform debate appear to be coming to an end, as the major political parties and their surrogates unleash dueling television advertisements, e-mail campaigns and grass-roots protests.
(By Dan Eggen and Perry Bacon Jr., The Washington Post)


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1.	on Page 13:
	"... an order for us to discover. Thus, while Borges's is an ordered search through a chaotic world, Simon's is a heuristic search through an ordered, if complicated , world. ..."
2.	on Page 15:
	"... guided only by rough heuristic lessons drawn from experience. Borges's library is an allegory as well, but whereas Simon depicts a strangely ordered world and ..."
3.	on Page 50:
	"... integrated with each other in a hierarchy of values and in a sequence of decisions-in "courses of action;' "strategies," "algorithms," "heuristics;" and "programs; ..."
4.	on Page 177:
	"... Simon, like others, also used the term model in a second way, thinking of models as heuristics, as opposed to representations of concrete systems. While concrete system models are intended to represent the essential features of a ..."
5.	on Page 178:
	"... theory , productive of so many powerful concrete system models, that it has become the root of a number of heuristic models, ..."
6.	on Page 179:
	"... Islands of Theory 179 The basic heuristic model related to Simon's theory of authority, circa 1950, comprised three basic ideas: first, that humans are plastic; second, that ..."
7.	on Page 186:
	"... program and of simulation, not to mention his intellectual soul mate, Allen Newell. Together, Simon and Newell would develop the heuristic model at the heart of postwar psychology-that of homo adaptivus, ..."
8.	on Page 193:
	"... adaptation was fairly loose. Now, Simon began to believe that evolutionary adaptation, understood in terms of ultrastability, might provide the heuristic model that could unite the sciences of choice and control. ..."
9.	on Page 216:
	"instruments... They can serve functions similar to what George Lakoff and Mark Johnson have called "generative metaphors", and which I have called heuristic models, for they organize experience.2 Instruments, models, and metaphors can be vehicles for bringing disparate fields together, serving as the ..."
10.	on Page 218:
	"... whose book How to Solve It introduced him to the concept of heuristics in problem-solving. Newell then went to Princeton in 1949 to study mathematics with John von Neumann and Alonzo Church. He ..."

unwieldy

Pronunciation: /ʌnˈwiːldi/

Translate unwieldy | into German | into Italian | into Spanish

adjective (unwieldier, unwieldiest)

• (of an object) difficult to move because of its size, shape, or weight:huge, unwieldy arc lamps
• (of a system) too large or disorganized to function efficiently: the benefits system is unwieldy and unnecessarily complex

Derivatives

unwieldily

adverb

unwieldiness

noun

Origin:

late Middle English (in the sense 'lacking strength, infirm'): from un-¹ 'not' + wieldy (in the obsolete sense 'active')

heu・ris・tic

━━ a. 発見［学習］を助ける; （生徒に）自分で発見させる.
━━ n. 【コンピュータ】ヒューリスティック, 発見的方法.
heu・ris・ti・cal・ly　━━ ad.
heuristic learning　【コンピュータ】発見的学習法.
heuristic method　【コンピュータ】発見的方法.
heuristic program　【コンピュータ】発見的プログラム.
heuristic rules　【コンピュータ】発見的規則.
heu・ris・tics　━━ n. 発見的指導法.

adj.

1. Of or relating to a usually speculative formulation serving as a guide in the investigation or solution of a problem: “The historian discovers the past by the judicious use of such a heuristic device as the ‘ideal type’” (Karl J. Weintraub).
2. Of or constituting an educational method in which learning takes place through discoveries that result from investigations made by the student.
3. Computer Science. Relating to or using a problem-solving technique in which the most appropriate solution of several found by alternative methods is selected at successive stages of a program for use in the next step of the program.

n.

1. A heuristic method or process.
2. heuristics (used with a sing. verb) The study and application of heuristic methods and processes.

[From Greek heuriskein, to find.]

disparate

Pronunciation: /ˈdɪsp(ə)rət/

Translate disparate | into Italian
adjective

• essentially different in kind; not able to be compared:they inhabit disparate worlds of thought
• containing elements very different from one another:a culturally disparate country

noun

(disparates) archaic

• things so unlike that there is no basis for comparison.

Derivatives

disparately
adverb

disparateness
noun

Origin:

late Middle English: from Latin disparatus 'separated', from the verb disparare, from dis- 'apart' + parare 'to prepare'; influenced in sense by Latin dispar 'unequal'

disparate

発音

━━ a. 本質的に異なる.
dis・pa・rate・ly　━━ ad.

unequal

Pronunciation: /ʌnˈiːkw(ə)l/

Translate unequal | into French | into German | into Italian | into Spanish

adjective

• 1not equal in quantity, size, or value:two rooms of unequal size unequal odds
• not fair, evenly balanced, or having equal advantage:an unequal distribution of power

• 2 (unequal to) lacking the ability or resources to cope with:she felt unequal to the task before her

noun

• a person or thing regarded as unequal to another in status or level: I have lived for fifty years as an unequal in this country

Derivatives

unequalize

(also unequalise) verb

unequally

adverb