nonalignment不結盟. The unraveling of relations between the United States and India has convinced many Indian officials that the country should return to its difficult balancing act of nonalignment.

 

In India’s Rebound From Trump Blows, Modi Has No Easy Choices

The unraveling of relations between the United States and India has convinced many Indian officials that the country should return to its difficult balancing act of nonalignment.

印度從川普打擊中復甦，莫迪面臨艱難選擇

美印關係的破裂讓許多印度官員相信，印度應該回歸艱難的不結盟平衡政策。

不結盟

不結盟是指不正式與任何主要權力集結結盟或對抗的政策和實踐，起源於冷戰時期，作為各國維護獨立的「第三條道路」。成立於1961年的不結盟運動（NAM）是代表這一理念的主要組織，其宗旨是透過維護發展中國家的國家獨立、主權和安全，免受外國影響和團體政治的影響，來促進其利益。雖然這一理念最初在兩極冷戰時期盛行，但在當今多極世界中，一種現代形式的「積極不結盟」正在興起，印度、巴西和印尼等國家利用其日益增強的經濟影響力，在複雜的全球格局中追求自身利益。

起源與目的

冷戰背景：

不結盟興起於冷戰時期，作為各國避免被迫與美國主導的資本主義集團或蘇聯主導的共產主義集結結盟的「第三條道路」。

不結盟運動 (NAM)：

不結盟運動於1961年正式成立，為成員國（主要來自全球南方國家）提供一個討論議題、開展合作並推動共同利益的論壇。

主要目標：

該運動的目標包括確保其成員國的國家獨立、主權、領土完整和安全，特別是在反對帝國主義、殖民主義和外國統治的鬥爭中。

今日不結盟

不斷變化的全球格局：

冷戰時期的兩極格局已讓位給多極世界，導致最初的「第三世界」概念轉變為「全球南方」。

「積極不結盟」：

當代不結盟的一種形式是各國積極追求自身國家利益，而不是消極保持中立。

自主性增強：

印度、巴西和印尼等國家擁有更大的經濟和政治影響力，這使得它們有更多選擇與主要權力集團接觸，並在不被其所控制的情況下獲得讓步。

相關性：儘管地緣政治格局不斷變化，但和平共處原則和獨立自主的外交政策在各國應對複雜多變的國際環境時仍然具有現實意義。

nonalignment

Nonalignment refers to the policy and practice of not formally aligning with or against any major power bloc, originating in the Cold War era as a "third way" for countries to maintain their independence. The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), founded in 1961, is the main organization representing this concept, with its purpose being to advance the interests of developing countries by safeguarding their national independence, sovereignty, and security from foreign influence and bloc politics. While the original concept was prominent during the bipolar Cold War, a modern form of "active nonalignment" is emerging in the current multipolar world, with countries like India, Brazil, and Indonesia using their increased economic influence to pursue their own interests in a complex global landscape. 

Origin and Purpose

• Cold War Context:

  Nonalignment emerged during the Cold War as a "third way" for countries to avoid being forced to align with either the US-led capitalist bloc or the Soviet-led communist bloc. 
• Non-Aligned Movement (NAM):

  Officially established in 1961, NAM serves as a forum for member states (primarily from the Global South) to discuss issues, cooperate, and advance their common interests. 
• Key Goals:

  The movement's objectives include ensuring the national independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, and security of its member nations, particularly in their struggle against imperialism, colonialism, and foreign domination. 

Nonalignment Today

• Shifting Global Landscape:

  The Cold War's bipolar dynamic has given way to a multipolar world, leading to a shift from the original "Third World" concept to the "Global South". 
• "Active Nonalignment":

  A contemporary form of nonalignment involves countries actively pursuing their own national interests rather than passively remaining neutral. 
• Increased Agency:

  Countries like India, Brazil, and Indonesia possess greater economic and political clout, allowing them more options to engage with major power blocs and extract concessions without being subordinated. 
• Relevance:

  Despite the changing geopolitical landscape, the principles of peaceful coexistence and independent foreign policy remain relevant as countries navigate a complex and fluid international environment.