2024年5月31日 星期五

書評 ridden, guilt-­ridden.It is a superstition-ridden community. The Rwandan genocide is remembered as an event that prodded a guilt-­ridden world to pledge never again to stand aside and allow mass atrocities.

 

The Rwandan genocide is remembered as an event that prodded a guilt-­ridden world to pledge never again to stand aside and allow mass atrocities. Yet 30 years on, the nightmare has continued: https://econ.trib.al/L3CWlkd




RIDDEN | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
Cambridge Dictionary
https://dictionary.cambridge.org › dictionary › ridden

 — full of something unpleasant or bad: It is a superstition-ridden community. She was guilt-ridden when she discovered that the business had ...



guilt-­ridden

feel very guilty about
adjective. If a person is guilt-ridden, they feel very guilty about something.



貼文要節制,但重要的書評不能斷

讀《地獄的難題》思考台灣的處境

中文書名《地獄的難題》其實是英文書名的副標。英文書名主標是 ”America and the Age of Genocide”. 副標是 “A Problem from Hell”. 英文書名的正標,才是貫穿全書的主軸:美國的角色。但是當然,「地獄的難題」比較聳動。

Genocide 這個字是 Raphael Lemkin 在 1940 年代所創的新字,意思是「種族滅絕」。L 氏是波蘭裔猶太人,他從史料中,對於土耳其人在一次世界大戰前後對亞美尼亞人的屠殺深感震撼,然後又在二次大戰期間目睹納粹對猶太人的滅絕式清洗,於是在二戰之後奔走呼籲,由聯合國通過了 The Genocide Convention, 其中許多條文都是 L 氏原始的主張文句。

The Genocide Convention 特殊在哪裡呢?聯合國憲章第二條第七款明定:聯合國不得干預各國「內政」,這是個大原則。這個原則的例外極少,「種族滅絕」則是極少數例外之一。質言之,如果一個國家在其國境內滅絕某一種族,即使那是不折不扣的「內政」,聯合國還是可以干預。

但聯合國只是一個「組織」,手無寸鐵;真正要執行干預,必須要動員各國共組維和部隊,才能達到干預之效。前述「各國」,其實真正關鍵的就是美國。二次世界大戰之後,老美擁有超強軍力,幾乎比全球民主國家之總和還要大。老美大哥帶頭,加拿大、澳洲、英國、法國等才可能跟著搖旗吶喊;但若老美猶豫不決,其他國家根本無法吹皺春水,遑論去干涉他國境內的種族滅絕。

攤開歷史,二次世界大戰之後,美國確實很少干涉其他國家的種族滅絕。1970 年代赤柬的波布,殘殺了境內大約兩百萬人(該國一共才七百萬人)。1980 年代,伊拉克海珊用毒氣屠殺庫德族人近百萬人。1990 年代,塞爾維亞的米洛塞維奇殘殺境內非塞爾維亞人也超過百萬。1990 年代,盧安達屠殺境內圖西人,每天殺 8000 人,持續 100 多天。這些慘絕人寰的悲劇,美國絕大多數時刻都袖手旁觀。

因此,雖然聯合國說「種族滅絕我們要管」,但實質上就是很少有國家出面來管。沒有外人管,一國國內的種族滅絕,又變成了一國的「內政」,國家主權還是凌越一切;獨裁劊子手幾乎不必受到任何追究。有人說,The essence of sovereignty is the absence of responsibility,描述堪稱精準。獨裁掌權者靠著主權的庇護,乃得以遂行種族滅絕而無所顧忌。

美國為什麼袖手旁觀呢?大致而言,應該是與美國在越戰的挫敗有關。打越戰的邏輯,其實是依循 George Kennan 的「圍堵」戰略。然而圍堵,是 Kennan 在觀察與分析蘇聯之後,是為蘇聯量身訂做的。但越共、柬共背後都有中共的龐大身影。中國共產黨的精神領袖是毛澤東;對毛澤東而言,赫魯雪夫根本是穿開檔褲的娃兒。圍堵戰略堵得了蘇共,對於「毛系」根本不足畏懼。此外,圍堵式的堅壁清野適合中歐西歐等已開發的經濟,卻根本沒有辦法在越南叢林或是阿富汗山區實施。70 年代美國人的圍堵戰略在越南受挫,屍袋運回國成千上萬,最後愴惶撤兵,就再也不敢冒然派兵去國外。

從 1970 年到 1990 年,老美對於派兵海外確實是推三阻四。老美偶爾還是會出兵干涉種族滅絕,但那些都是政客在環境壓力下不得不然的因應,而與種族滅絕的殘忍無關、與種族滅絕的不道德無關、與聯合國公約無關、與美國國內已然批准公約無關。這本書詳實記載歷任美國總統的推拖、迴避、壓制、閃爍、顧左右而言他,一直拖一直拖。直到圖窮匕現,證據再也無法狡辯,這個時候政治人物(通常是總統)就會展現出「割稻尾」的天賦,以一篇生猛神武的演講宣布出兵,強調正當性、道德性、「絕不容許二次世界大戰猶太人被屠殺的歷史再現」。在種族滅絕「接近完成」之際這樣割稻尾,正是政客的本事。依據作者的記述,美國歷任總統最沒有原則的就是克林頓,最會演的也是克林頓,賊到極點。

本書作者 Samantha Power 是哈佛大學甘廼迪學院教授,現任美國國際開發總署的署長。這本書的撰寫需要爬梳史料,更需要深刻的人文關懷。對許多人而言,這些大屠殺發生在他地他域,遠在天邊,且死的人非親非故。但 Power 必然是有極深的人文內在,才能對這樣一個看似冰冷的題目,閱讀、爬梳、吸收、整理,最後寫出一本感動人心的巨著。作者記述:赤柬波布殺死所有柬國「戴眼鏡的人」,因為戴眼鏡表示有讀書,應該就是資產階級餘孽。統治者弱智病態低能至此,真的是匪夷所思。赤柬殺僧侶數萬人我還能夠想像,但是殺所有戴眼鏡的人,我簡直驚訝到不知所已。

這本書榮獲普立茲獎、甘迺廸圖書獎、紐約時報選書等殊榮,良有以也。

讀後,我也問自己:如果老美對於赤柬、伊拉克、塞爾維亞、盧安達動輒百萬人的殘忍虐殺都無動於衷,都不願意派兵干涉,那麼台灣呢?老美吝於出兵海外,是標準的現實主義:一定要美國政客感受到「出兵效益大於成本」,老美才可能有動作。台灣有許多民調,詢問台灣人民「如果中共犯台,你認為美國會不會協防台灣」,台灣民眾的回答難免一廂情願,忽略了美國現實主義的思維。

台灣的處境當然與柬埔寨或盧安達不同;老共如果犯台,對老美而言,它影響到三種利益。其一,是「全球晶片生產與相關科技產業將天翻地覆」,這是經濟利益。其二,是「如此健康活潑的民主體制居然會被獨裁的維尼翻倒」,這是「擾亂文明世界」的惡劣行徑,衝擊到民主自由的價值。其三,是「第一島鍊出現缺口」,影響美國的地緣霸權。上述三種利益,有哪一個會比「X 國正在執行種族滅」在美國國內更有震撼力,我不知道,但是我不會太樂觀。

如果從積極面思考,也許台灣能做的,就是改變、加深前述三種利益在美國與民主國家的感受 (perception)。這些工作平常就得努力,但是完全不在傳統外交的 domain。這需要創意、需要突破。法國總統馬克宏提出「歐洲主義」,反對歐洲去理會台灣,對台灣其實很傷。如果立法委員質詢:面對這種「台灣有事不是歐洲有事」的思考,我們要如何改變與扭轉呢?我若是行政官員,不知道要如何回答,才不算藐視國會。朱敬一0601 2024



2024年5月30日 星期四

close in, cash-stuffed envelopes. Clean rooms, a vital part of semiconductor factories, are showing up in Japanese universities, where aspiring tech innovators conduct research.


Clean rooms, a vital part of semiconductor factories, are showing up in Japanese universities, where aspiring tech innovators conduct research.



wsj

China's total number of Internet users rose 53% to 210 million at the end of 2007.





Examples

cash-stuffed envelopes

close in


1. Surround, enclose, envelop, as in The fog closed in and we couldn't see two yards in front of us, or She felt the room was closing in. [c. 1400]
2. Also, close in on or upon. Draw in, approach, as in The police closed in on the suspect. [Early 1800s]
close in phrasal verb
to gradually get nearer to someone, usually in order to attack them:
The advancing soldiers closed in on the town.
The hunt chased the fox until it was too tired and weak to run and then closed in for the kill.


hoppy, chop, brinicle, mugger. Clean rooms, a vital part of semiconductor factories, are showing up in Japanese universities, where aspiring tech innovators conduct research.

Clean rooms, a vital part of semiconductor factories, are showing up in Japanese universities, where aspiring tech innovators conduct research.

The Russian vice-consul shot dead the armed mugger who had tried to hold him up in his car


Oxford University Scientific Society
This is a brinicle forming, a.k.a ice finger of death. It freezes everything it touches.


A brinicle is a frozen column of ice inside water. Learn more about the brinicles and the filming of this extraordinary event:http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/15835017





The boom in craft beers has sparked a hop farming renaissance in upstate New York
New York hops fetch higher prices—$12 to $18 per pound—than those grown in the Pacific Northwest
BUSINESSWEEK.COM|由 KAREN ANGEL 上傳





hop2

Line breaks: hop

NOUN

1twining climbing plant native to north temperateregionscultivated for the flowers borne by the femaleplant, which are used in brewing beer.
  • Humulus lupulus, family Cannabaceae (orCannabidaceae)
1.1(hops) The dried cone-like flowers of the hop, used in brewing to give a bitter flavour and as amild sterilant.

1.2(hopsAustralian /NZ informal Beer.

1.3[MASS NOUN] US informal , dated narcotic drug, especially opium.

VERB (hopshoppinghopped)

Back to top  
1[WITH OBJECT] Flavour with hops:a strong dark beer, heavily hopped
2(be hopped upinformal Be stimulated or intoxicated by or as if by a narcotic drug:most muggers were hopped up on coke or angel dusthe was very much hopped up about the concerto

Origin

late middle english hoppe (in the sense 'ripened hop cones for flavouring malt liquor'), from Middle Low German or Middle Dutch.



Derivatives

hoppy

ADJECTIVE (hoppierhoppiest)

MORE EXAMPLE SENTENCES
  • Another curious ad on a bus shelter: Summit Beer has a new brand called ‘Grand’ - it's a cheerful beer for the Bud crowd, the people who find hoppy beers too bitter, too harsh, too unbeery.
  • Less strong than Shephard Neame's flagship Bishop's Finger at 4.7 per cent, Spitfire is a full-bodied, rounded, clean beer with a hoppy flavour which is served at its best just below room temperature.
  • In pre-filled flagons, they had Parrot & Jigger's two Katipo Pale Ales - go for their stronger Pale Ale as it's still easy to drink and more hoppy, herbaceous and spicy in the flavour.


mugger 1 

Pronunciation: /ˈmʌɡə/ 

NOUN

A person who attacks and robs another in a public place:a woman was punched in the face by muggers who snatched a gold chain and pendant

chop
n.
  1. The act of chopping.
    1. A swift, short, cutting blow or stroke.
    2. Sports. A short downward stroke.
  2. A piece that has been chopped off, especially a cut of meat, usually taken from the rib, shoulder, or loin and containing a bone.
    1. A short irregular motion of waves.
    2. An area of choppy water, as on an ocean.

2024年5月29日 星期三

lingo. Kyoto University and Sumitomo Forestry announced the completion of the world's first wooden artificial satellite, LignoSat. 🛰

 Kyoto University and Sumitomo Forestry announced the completion of the world's first wooden artificial satellite, LignoSat. 🛰

HP Inc beat Wall Street estimates for second-quarter revenue on Wednesday, signaling a recovery in the personal computer (PC) market as customers upgrade their systems.

 HP Inc beat Wall Street estimates for second-quarter revenue on Wednesday, signaling a recovery in the personal computer (PC) market as customers upgrade their systems.

Autonomous and AI-enabled systems increasingly rely on optical and radio frequency sensors and significant computer power. They face growing vulnerabilities from directed-energy laser and microwave weapons

 Autonomous and AI-enabled systems increasingly rely on optical and radio frequency sensors and significant computer power. They face growing vulnerabilities from directed-energy laser and microwave weapons | Opinion 

highbrow, middlebrow, lowbrow, sag, saggy, dingy, get cold feet, 20 Flight Rock,


“There is something strange about watching a middlebrow entertainment about, of all people, Samuel Beckett. It’s as perverse, in its way, as listening to a power ballad about the life and work of John Cage.” —Mark O’Connell



The collapse of OneWeb raises concerns over the financial health of SoftBank's unlisted assets.
https://s.nikkei.com/2JpEphz
ASIA.NIKKEI.COM
SoftBank shares sag after satellite investment collapses


1958: The War of the Intellectuals
By RACHEL DONADIO
Fifty years ago, American critics worried about the collapsing distinction among highbrow, middlebrow and lowbrow.


Japan's pineapple pen song goes highbrow with Kabuki makeover
CNN
Japan's National Theatre -- better known for puppet shows and traditional drama Kabuki -- has taken inspiration from Piko Taro's viral YouTube clip ...


【PPAP】 Pen Pineapple Apple Pen - FULL SONG
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qu5G443dQ4A


How Much Mess Is Perfect at Home A9

In its new January catalogs, Pottery Barn aims for the perfectly indented pillow or saggy-enough sofa to look realistic. The furniture maker is also selling more small, apartment-size pieces.


Kerry calls Brexit 'complicated divorce' that may not happen, says London has cold feet
The Japan Times

U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry said on Tuesday that Britain's vote to leave the European ...

Japan's face-authorizing cigarette machines no match for Bruce ...
engadget - Santa Monica,CA,USA
by Thomas Ricker, posted Jul 1st 2008 at 3:43AM Remember those Japanese vending machines that use face recognition to scan for wrinkles and saggy skin ...

A good bill from the Virginia House to crack down on underage DUI winds up DOA in the Senate.
(The Washington Post)


 英國專門出版流行音樂相關書籍的「創世紀」出版公司
(Genesis Publications 網站:www.genesis-publications.com/)適逢創社三十週年,因而在倫敦舉辦名為「三十年飛躍搖滾」(Thirty Flight Rock)的盛大攝影展……

HC:「三十年飛躍搖滾」(Thirty Flight Rock)的翻譯似乎有點可商議。我想它或許是「三十年(Thirty)飛航(Flight)亂流震蕩(Rock)」的雙關語(PUN)--謝謝小讀者更正---

Thirty Flight Rock 是借用搖滾樂手Eddie Cochran的歌曲Twenty Flight Rock的文字遊戲

歌中的Flight指幾層樓樓梯, 不可數名詞



Twenty Flight Rock (Fairchild/Cochran)



Oh I get a girl with a record machine

When it comes to rockin she's the queen

We go to dance on saturday night

I'm all alone and I hold her tight

But she live on the twentieth floor in town

The elevator's broken down



So I walk one, two flight, three flight four

Five, six, seven flight, eight flight more

Up on the twelfth I'm starting to sag

Fifteenth floor I'm ready to drag

Get to the top, I'm too tired to rock



Well she called me up on the telephone

Said "come on over, baby, I'm all alone"

I said "baby, you're mighty sweet

But I'm in bed with the achin' feet"

This went on for a couple of days

But I could not stay away



So I walk one, two flight, three flight four

Five, six, seven flight, eight flight more

Up on the twelfth I'm starting to sag

Fifteenth floor I'm ready to drag

Get to the top, I'm too tired to rock



Yeah, we sent to Chicago for repairs

Till it's a-fixed I'm using the stairs

I love you, baby, wanna see your face

I love you baby, too much to wait

All this climbing is gettin me down

They'll find my cold feet over the rail



So I walk one, two flight, three flight four

five, six, seven flight, eight flight more

Up on the twelfth I'm starting to sag

Fifteenth floor I'm ready to drag

Get to the top, I'm too tired to rock

中國石油的母公司中國石油天然氣集團公司(CNPC)
CNPC Got Cold Feet Over Hot Oil Prospect

International oil companies are finding it harder to bring more production on stream, as the majority of the world's reserves are either controlled by the national oil companies of the Middle East or extremely expensive to develop.


grime



Your sofa is stained, dingy, and saggy in the middle.
「あなたのソファは染みがついて薄汚くて、真ん中がへこんでるわ。」
*stained :染みがついた
*dingy :黒ずんだ、薄汚い
*saggy :(時間が経って固さが無くなり)くぼんだ、たるんだ、垂下した

dingy 
adjective
dark and often also dirty:
a dingy room/corridor
Her hair was a dingy brown colour.

sag
verb [I] -gg-
1 to drop down to a lower level in the middle:
The shelf sagged under the weight of the heavy books.
a sagging roof/floor/bed

2 to become weaker:
The dollar held up well this morning but the pound sagged.

sag
noun
1 [S or U] where something has dropped down to a lower level:
a sag in the roof

2 [C usually singular] a reduction in something:
a sag in sales


saggy adj
adj. - 鬆懈的, 下垂的

日本語 (Japanese)
adj. - 垂下した, たるんだ




get cold feet

to suddenly become too frightened to do something you had planned to do, especially something important such as getting married
Loss of nerve or confidence:after arranging to meet I got cold feet and phoned her saying I was busy
cold feet 意思是"死去"
cold feet

pl.n. Slang.
Fearfulness or timidity preventing the completion of a course of action.

on stream UK
Something in industry or business that is on stream is being produced or is available for use:
The company's increased sales were primarily a result of new stores coming on stream.



highbrow 
adjective MAINLY DISAPPROVING
(of books, plays, etc.) involving serious and complicated or artistic ideas, or (of people) interested in serious and complicated subjects
Compare lowbrow; middlebrow.middlebrow 
adjective MAINLY DISAPPROVING
describes music, literature, art or film which is of good quality, interesting and often popular, but can be understood quite easilyhighbrow
noun [C] MAINLY DISAPPROVINGlowbrow
adjective MAINLY DISAPPROVING
(of entertainment) not complicated or demanding much intelligence to be understood:
He regards the sort of books I read as very lowbrow.
I like a lowbrow action movie once in a while.

pre-close calls with analysts. Companies should not share market-sensitive information with external analysts ahead of financial statements, the European Union's securities watchdog said, in its first such warning, following cases of share volatility linked to such disclosures.

 Companies should not share market-sensitive information with external analysts ahead of financial statements, the European Union's securities watchdog said, in its first such warning, following cases of share volatility linked to such disclosures.

2024年5月28日 星期二

lollygag, abecedary, akimbo, flaneur, tarry, backpacking, restorative, draught. karen.

張華  Karen指難侍候的女性正義魔人

Karen is a term used as slang typically for a middle-class white American woman who is perceived as entitled or excessively demanding.

“For we cannot tarry here,

We must march my darlings.”


–Walt Whitman


Photo by Vitas Luckus



 

"You may strive to be like them, but seek not to make them like you.

For Life goes not backward nor tarries with yesterday.

You are the bows from which your children,

as living arrows, are sent forth."



Kahlil Gibran, Prophet.



 . The study suggests that, right about now, you should consider “taking a break from work,” Dr. Roe said, and “going for a walk in a green space or just sitting, or even viewing green spaces from your office window.” This is not unproductive lollygagging, Dr. Roe helpfully assured us. “It is likely to have a restorative effect and help with attention fatigue and stress recovery.”



I think companies for young backpackers are beginning to find out that old bums keep cold seats warm. I'll keep on going as long as I can - I'm hoping that I can get a minder to come around with me when I turn 100 in five years. But my wife would have loved to have been seeing the world the way I do now.      

我認為,那些瞄準年輕背包客的公司已經開始發現一個事實:一些乏人問津的項目只有靠老年背包客才能維持。只要走得動,我就會繼續旅行。我希望到100歲的時候(也就是5年後),才需要有看護照料。如果可以的話,我妻子也會樂意用我這樣的方式看這個世界。


Keith Wright: 'I started backpacking at 85' 85歲開始背包旅行




lollygag (LOL-ee-gag)
verb intr., also lallygag
1. To fool around, waste time, or spend time lazily.
2. To neck.

Etymology
Origin uncertain.

Usage
"Figure an easy four days, because you'll want to spend Day one lollygagging along Eagle Creek and camping in one of the official streamside sites." — Karen Berger, Going in Circles: When it Comes to a Good Hike, the Best Route May be From Point A to Point A, Backpacker, Jun 1, 1996.


lallygag[lal・ly・gag]

  • 発音記号[lɑ'ːligæ`g | lǽl-]
[動](〜ged, 〜・ging)(自)((米))
1 なまける, ぶらぶらする(loiter).
2 抱擁する.



讀奇境奇字:lallygag和筆記


人生有些時候,所讀的書特別有味道。台灣很早就有CONFESSIONS OF AN ADVERTISING MAN by David Ogilvy 的翻譯本(晨鐘出版社?),不過我可能沒讀過。
80年代中期,有一回從美國回來的途中,選讀的是Ogilvy on Advertising by David Ogilvy 。印刷精美,文字和故事都迷人。那時,我的專業與他的行業隔如山,唯一相疊的,只是每一行業都相同的企業目的:「服務顧客」。不過,我想他得故事精採得多,而我對於他們迷戀big idea和文字,一定很羨慕。

再幾年,《廣告大師奧格威—未公諸於世的選集》(The Unpublished David Ogilvy by Joel Raphaelson, David Ogilvy)莊淑芬譯,台北:天下文化出版社,初版:1987/97 近兩萬本。這書,在我去年讀評《奧格威自傳》(David Ogilvy : An Autobiagraphy
(麥慧芬譯,台北:商周,1997)時才取出,昨天才讀它。

奧格威是奇人,有許多奇遇。這種人的自傳,有許多文化上的東西須要注解,《奧格威自傳》的編者在「最喜歡的食譜」加些注,有有幫助。其實最需要加注的,倒是之前的「最喜歡的字彙:清單上的字讓我驚喜…..abecedary/字母;akimbo/手插腰……」( pp. 231-33)

這章之名 A Forest Full of Surprises,翻譯成「歡樂林」,似乎有點奇怪。除了記朋友,還有Favourite Words, RECIPES. Customers.

這位夢想受勳變成 Sir David的 Favourite Words,我們當然可能一字都認不得。昨天我研究「abecedary/字母」,發現《廣告大師奧格威—未公諸於世的選集》第50頁有解。
今天的運氣也不差:

由rl每日一字 flaneur(閒逛的)想到 lallygag,沒想到日文解釋中有一義為" 頰之愛撫"( 頬を愛撫する)。
'lallygag' is one of preferred word of David Oglivy.
But someone translated it into" 閒逛的"—hc:錯,原譯「游手好閒」。
問他意見( Please advise what you know about lallygag.)
【 rl 2004-08-17 09:45:34因為趕稿暫時無暇細思量,此字為動詞,例中譯作形容詞應屬不宜,至於漢譯,則兩者皆對,也就是說,它可以用來表示無所事事或縱慾方面的動作。 】

hc 查The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition和Yahoo ,都說它與flaneur意思近似:To waste time by puttering aimlessly; dawdle. ETYMOLOGY: Origin unknown. 【Dawdle字義: 1.To take more time than necessary: dawdled through breakfast.
2. To move aimlessly or lackadaisically: dawdling on the way to work.】

lallygag Variant of lollygag.
v : be about; "The high school students like to loiter in the Central Square"; "Who is this man that is hanging around the department?" [syn: loiter, lounge, footle, lollygag, loaf, hang around, mess about, tarry, linger, lurk, mill about, mill around]
難道此字為一pun?

小讀者留言【謝謝小讀者之資料。】:
LALLYGAG midC19 [English] (v) ~ To kiss and cuddle.
A Dictionary of Slang and Euphemism, Richard Spears, informs that lallygag/lollygag has an older meaning of "to flirt, court, or make love" (mid-1800s), and a more current meaning of "to be idle" (1900s). The same source reveals the slang term, "ladies' lollipop." (British, jocular, 1800s).

lollygagLine breaks: lolly|gag
Pronunciation: /ˈlɒlɪɡaɡ 
  
/
(also lallygag)

Definition of lollygag in English:

VERB (lollygagslollygagginglollygagged)

[NO OBJECT] North American informal
1Spend time aimlesslyidle:she goes to Arizona every January to lollygag in thesun
1.1[WITH ADVERBIAL OF DIRECTION] Dawdle:we’re lollygagging along

Origin

mid 19th century: of unknown origin.
---
tarry
(tăr'ē) pronunciation

v., -ried, -ry·ing, -ries. v.intr.
  1. To delay or be late in going, coming, or doing. See synonyms at stay1.
  2. To wait.
  3. To remain or stay temporarily, as in a place; sojourn.
v.tr. Archaic
To wait for; await.

n.
A temporary stay; a sojourn.

[Middle English tarien.]
tarrier tar'ri·er n.



restorative

Pronunciation: /rɪˈstɒrətɪv/


adjective

  • 1having the ability to restore health, strength, or well-being:the restorative power of long walks
  • 2 Surgery & Dentistry relating to the restoration of form or function to a damaged tooth or other part of the body.

noun

  • a thing that restores health, strength, or well-being, especially a medicine or drink:herbal restoratives

Derivatives


restoratively

adverb

Origin:

late Middle English: from an Old French variant of restauratif,-ive, from restorer (see restore)

flaneur

  音節
flâ • neur
発音
flɑːnə'ːr
[名]なまけ者.
[フランス語]



draught

Pronunciation: /drɑːft/
(US draft)
Translate draught | into French | into German | into Italian | into Spanish

noun

  • 1a current of cool air in a room or other confined space:heavy curtains at the windows cut out draughts
  • 2a single act of drinking or inhaling:she downed the remaining beer in one draught
  • the amount swallowed or inhaled in a draught:he took deep draughts of oxygen into his lungs
  • literary or archaic a quantity of a liquid with medicinal properties:a sleeping draught
  • 3the depth of water needed to float a ship:the shallow draught enabled her to get close inshore
  • 4the drawing in of a fishing net.
  • the fish taken at one drawing; a catch.

adjective

[attributive]
  • 1denoting beer or cider served from a barrel or tank rather than from a bottle or can:draught ale
  • 2denoting an animal used for pulling heavy loads:a draught horse

Phrases



feel the draught

informal experience an adverse change in one’s financial circumstances: the high street shops will feel the draught most keenly


on draught

(of beer or cider) ready to be drawn from a barrel or tank; not bottled or canned.