inordinate, prurience, yearn, social contract, institutions of domestic service

"A society wholly devoid of the very institution of domestic service is surely in some ways a deprived society, if only because this situation represents a very poor division of labor. There are people for whom service in or around the home pretty well exhausts their capabilities for contributing to the successful functioning of a society. There are others who have different and rarer capabilities; and it is simply not a rational use of their abilities that they should spend an inordinate amount of time and energy doing things that certain others could no doubt do better, and particularly where these are just about the only things the latter are capable of doing. . . . I find it hard to picture a great deal of Western culture without the institutions of domestic service that supported it. . . . I cannot, somehow, picture Tocqueville combining his serene meditations with the washing of the pots and pans and the removal of trash from the kitchen premises."




Sometimes, he told the audience, “you don’t know why you’re doing what you are doing, but you follow it because it feels right. And for the most part, it’s not going to meet with that kind of inordinate success [as “Sound of Silence]. But it feels like what you should be doing, and if that’s the case for you, you’re on the right track. You should continue to pursue that and see how far it takes you or where it takes you. I can tell you this: It takes you to infinity. It never stops.”


An Inordinate Fear of Terrorism?
Obama wants you to keep cool about jihadist mass murder.

March 22, 2016 7:22 p.m. ET
Tuesday’s coordinated terrorist attacks in Brussels have left at least 30 people dead and more than 200 wounded, shut down the capital of Europe and raised security alarms from Frankfurt to London to New York. (See above.)

inordinate length

"The public interest is not served by the prurient media disclosure of the identity of a child who has committed a crime, no matter how trivial nor how serious. Any judge who claims that it is in the public interest to identify a 16-year-old boy convicted of murder – as happened to the killer of schoolteacher Ann Maguire – risks giving in to the voracious media and to public voyeurism" Via Comment is free Relief Seen for Jobless and States in Health Care Plan By ROBERT PEAR For Democrats, the stimulus bill is also a tool for rewriting the social contract with the poor, the uninsured and the unemployed, in ways they have long yearned to do. on Page 93:

"cult of the noble savage, tinged with a certain prurience, as in these illustrations"

June 4, 2008 -- 12:45 a.m. EDT
Icahn Attacks Yahoo Severance Plan
Carl Icahn accused Yahoo CEO Yang of going to "inordinate lengths" to sabotage Microsoft's bid and called on the Yahoo board to rescind a companywide severance plan.

social contract
n.
An agreement among the members of an organized society or between the governed and the government defining and limiting the rights and duties of each.


yearn 
verb [I]
to desire very strongly, especially something that you cannot have or something that is very difficult to have:
Despite his great commercial success he still yearns for critical approval.
[+ to infinitive] Sometimes I just yearn to be alone.

yearning 
noun [C or U]
I suppose it's because I live in a crowded city that I have this yearning for open spaces.

pru・ri・ent

━━ a. 淫乱な, 好色な.
pru・ri・ence, pru・ri・en・cy　━━ n.
pru・ri・ent・ly　━━ ad.

prurience
adj.

1. Inordinately interested in matters of sex; lascivious.
2. 1. Characterized by an inordinate interest in sex: prurient thoughts.
   2. Arousing or appealing to an inordinate interest in sex: prurient literature.

[Latin prūriēns, prūrient-, present participle of prūrīre, to yearn for, itch.]

prurience pru'ri·ence or pru'ri·en·cy n.
pruriently pru'ri·ent·ly adv.

inordinate
adjective FORMAL
unreasonably or unusually large in size or degree:
Margot has always spent an inordinate amount of time on her appearance.

inordinately
adverb FORMAL
She was inordinately fond of her pets.

inordinate
adj.

1. Exceeding reasonable limits; immoderate. See synonyms at excessive.
2. Not regulated; disorderly.

[Middle English inordinat, from Latin inōrdinātus, disordered : in-, not; see in-¹ + ōrdinātus, past participle of ōrdināre, to set in order (from ōrdō, ōrdin-, order).]

inordinacy in·or'di·na·cy or in·or'di·nate·ness n.
inordinately in·or'di·nate·ly adv.

second-guess, miscalled, seconded, seconed, beggar-my-neighbour policy, au-pair grannies

Thousands of Complaints Do Little to Change Police Ways

By SHAILA DEWAN and SERGE F. KOVALESKI

Efforts to hold problem officers accountable face resistance from unions, and juries are reluctant to second-guess.

"If what are miscalled the lower animals were as silly as man is, they would all perish from the earth in a year.”
--from "The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg" by Mark Twain

Retired women find second wind as au-pair grannies

While most au-pairs who go to work for families abroad are young women,

Michaela Hansen thought the idea would also appeal to an older age group.

The concept has developed into a unique and successful business.

The DW-WORLD.DE Article

http://newsletter.dw-world.de/re?l=ew61bdI44va89pI1

 seconded

number

• 1 constituting number two in a sequence; coming after the first in time or order; 2nd:he married for a second time Herbert was the second of their six children the second of October the second-youngest player
• secondly (used to introduce a second point or reason):second, they are lightly regulated; and third, they do business with non-resident clients
• Music an interval spanning two consecutive notes in a diatonic scale.
• the note which is higher by a second interval than the tonic of a diatonic scale or root of a chord.
• the second in a sequence of a vehicle’s gears:he took the corner in second
• Baseball second base.
• chiefly British the second form of a school or college.
• (seconds) informal a second course or second helping of food at a meal.
• denoting someone or something regarded as comparable to or reminiscent of a better-known predecessor:a fear that the conflict would turn into a second Vietnam

• 2subordinate or inferior in position, rank, or importance:it was second only to Copenhagen among Baltic ports he is a writer first and a scientist second
• additional to that already existing, used, or possessed:a second home French as a second language
• the second finisher or position in a race or competition:he finished second
• British a place in the second grade in an examination, especially for a degree.
• Music performing a lower or subordinate of two or more parts for the same instrument or voice:the second violins
• (seconds) goods of an inferior quality.
• (the seconds) the reserve team of a sports club.
• coarse flour, or bread made from it.

• 3an assistant, in particular:
• an attendant assisting a combatant in a duel or boxing match.
• a Cub or Brownie chosen by their pack to assist the Sixer and replace them when they are absent.

verb

[with object]

• formally support or endorse (a nomination or resolution or its proposer) as a necessary preliminary to adoption or further discussion:Bridgeman seconded Maxwell’s motion calling for the reform
• express agreement with:her view is seconded by most Indian leaders today
• archaic support; back up:so well was he seconded by the multitude of labourers at his command

Phrases

every second

see every other at every.

in the second place

as a second consideration or point.

second to none

the best, worst, fastest, etc.: the group has a reputation that is second to none in the building industry

Derivatives

seconder

noun

Origin:

Middle English: via Old French from Latin secundus 'following, second', from the base of sequi 'follow'. The verb dates from the late 16th century

second wind

n.

1. The return of relative ease of breathing after the initial exhaustion that occurs during continued physical exertion.
2. Restored energy or strength.

 

Second-guess

Meaning

1. To criticize and offer advice, with the benefit of hindsight.
2. To foresee the actions of others, before they have come to a decision themselves.

Origin

A commonly used meaning of 'to second-guess' is to criticize the actions of others, after the event. The event in questions was, and often still is, a sporting event. The term is derived as what is known as a back-formation. As back-formations loom large in etymology I'll break off to explain what they are.
New words are usually created from existing words. For example, we all know what 'fishing' means and, armed with that knowledge we could easily coin the word 'fisherman' and a phrase like 'fishing for compliments'. Sometimes though, the order that words and phrases are derived in isn't so obvious. For example, people who rob from houses have been called 'burglars' since the 13th century and it might be supposed that they got their name from being engaged in 'burglary'. However, it wasn't until the 19th century that the legal profession decided that 'that thing that burglars do' needed to be given a name and hence 'burglary' was coined as a back-formation from 'burglar'. Likewise, 'narration' and 'scavenge', which were coined centuries after 'narrator' and 'scavenger'.
The same back route was taken by the phrase 'second-guess'. The umpire in a baseball game used to be called, rather unkindly, 'the guesser'. People who were continually telling the guesser, the manager or the players what they were doing wrong were known as 'secondguessers' and were so defined in the Sporting News Record Book, 1937:

Secondguesser, one who is continually criticizing moves of players and manager.

Another meaning of 'to second-guess' is to anticipate what others might do in a particular situation. This is also of American origin but, somewhat more impressively, refers to a guess made before rather than after the event. An early example of its use comes from Broadcasting magazine, December 1941:

Do not try to second-guess or master-mind our military officials. Leave this for established military analysts and experts, who are experienced enough to await the facts before drawing conclusions.

“以邻为壑”政策的回归

The return of beggar-my-neighbour policy

作者：英国《金融时报》专栏作家 塞缪尔•布里坦

Ed Miliband, a candidate for the UK Labour leadership, recently remarked: “I hate what David Cameron is doing to this country.” I sometimes feel the same way, but I suspect for very different reasons.	英国工党领袖候选人之一埃德•米利班德(Ed Miliband)最近表示：“我反感戴维·卡梅伦(David Cameron)对国家的所作所为。”有时候我也有同感，但我觉得理由大不相同。
The academic name for the economic policy into which the British prime minister has stumbled is “mercantilism”. According to the Encyclopaedia Britannica, this is “the economic theory and practice common in Europe from the 16th to the 18th centuries that promoted government regulation of a nation’s economy for the purpose of augmenting state power at the expense of rival national powers”. Among its doctrines was that the trade balance must be favourable, meaning an excess of exports over imports. Of course, mercantilist thinking has moved on since the 18th century. Instead of coveting gold and silver, modern mercantilist politicians talk of promoting employment. But there are many common threads between the old and the new mercantilism. One of them is the identification of the national interest with that of chosen national corporations, even though we are not allowed to talk of “picking winners”. The modern version is sometimes called corporatism. The economist David Henderson once called it “do-it-yourself economics”, while I preferred “businessmen’s economics”.	现任英国首相无意中选择的经济政策，被学术界称为“重商主义”，《大英百科全书》(Encyclopaedia Britannica)对其的定义是：“欧洲16世纪至18世纪常见的一种经济理论和实践，提倡政府对一国经济加以管理，目标是在损害竞争国实力的情况下增强本国国力。”重商主义的信条中，包括贸易收支必须为顺差，即出口高于进口。当然，重商主义思想自18世纪以来已经有了新的进展。现代重商主义政治家不再觊觎黄金和白银，而是谈论促进就业的问题。但新旧两种重商主义之间有许多共通之处，其中之一就是将选定的国内企业的利益等同于国家利益，虽然我们不能说是“挑选赢家”。现代版的重商主义有时也称作“社团主义”(corporatism)，经济学家戴维·亨德森(David Henderson )曾将其称为“自助经济学”(do-it-yourself economics)，不过我本来倾向于称之为“商人经济学”。
But I now think the best name is “beggar-my-neighbour” economics. This was coined by the leftwing Cambridge economist Joan Robinson – no market fundamentalist she. By this she meant that because governments were unwilling or unable to promote output and employment by domestic means they had to resort to trying to promote it at the expense of other countries.	但现在，我认为最恰当的名称是“以邻为壑”经济学(“beggar-my-neighbour” economics)。这个词是剑桥大学左翼经济学家琼·罗宾逊(Joan Robinson)创造的，她本人并不是市场原教旨主义者。她创造这一术语所指的是，由于政府不愿意（或没有能力）通过国内手段提高产出和就业，不得不转而通过损害他国利益的做法，而实现上述目标。
The evidence for this beggar-my-neighbour turn is all too abundant. UK citizens are exhorted to take their holidays at home. If French and German holidaymakers heed similar exhortations, who gains? The Foreign and Commonwealth Office is being treated as a trade promotion ministry and diplomats are to be replaced by businessmen. Of course, none of this is new. A notorious report on the FCO made similar recommendations more than 30 years ago. The current prime minister is partly following in the footsteps of Tony Blair; but while the latter’s soft protectionism was concentrated on the arms industry, Mr Cameron is trying to spread the net much wider. Do I have to add that not every country can have an export surplus? And countries now in surplus, including China and Germany, are not going to spend their way into payments deficit because of exhortations by the UK or even the International Monetary Fund.	有关这种以邻为壑倾向的证据不胜枚举。英国劝说本国公民在国内度假。如果法国和德国度假客也听从了类似的规劝，那么谁会从中获益呢？英国外交部 (FCO)眼下被当成了贸易促进部，商人将取代外交官。当然，这并不是什么新鲜事。30多年前，一份声名狼藉的报告向外交部提出了类似的建议。现任首相一定程度上是在追随托尼·布莱尔的(Tony Blair)脚步，但布莱尔温和的保护主义举措集中在国防工业，而卡梅伦却试图把网撒得更大。我是否需要补充说明，并非每个国家都能实现贸易顺差？目前的顺差国家，包括中国和德国，是不会因为英国、甚至国际货币基金组织(IMF)的规劝，而通过扩大支出转为国际收支赤字的。
Many of my professional colleagues who hanker after the pre-1980 version of capitalism simply do not remember the endless nagging and exhortation, the exchange controls and travel restrictions, and the attempts to second-guess consumer demand, miscalled “planning”.	许多向往20世纪80年代以前的那种资本主义的经济学家，完全忘记了当时无休止的唠叨和规劝、汇率管制和旅行限制，还有试图预言消费者需求、被误称作“计划”的那种东西。
It is no accident that beggar-my-neighbour trade policies are associated with what I have previously called Tory Bourbonism in fiscal policy, by which I mean treating the national budget as if it were the budget of a private citizen that has in some sense to be “balanced”. If so-called Keynesian policies for using fiscal policy to manage demand are disavowed and monetary policies prove inadequate, we are left with only export promotion and import discouragement to promote recovery.	以邻为壑的贸易政策，与我此前提到的财政政策中的“保守党波旁主义”(Tory Bourbonism)有一定关联，这并非偶然。“保守党波旁主义”指的是处理国家财政预算时，就像处理一个公民某种意义上需要“平衡”的私人预算那样。如果使用财政政策管理需求的所谓凯恩斯主义政策被摒弃、货币政策效果不佳，那么要推动经济复苏，仅存的手段就是促进出口和抑制进口。
What Tory fiscal Bourbonism and corporatist trade policies have in common is the “fallacy of composition”. This is defined by the Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy as that of “arguing that because something is true of members of a group or collection it is also true of the group as a whole”. The fallacy was explained to budding economists in Paul Samuelson’s multi-million selling introductory textbook, but for all the good it has done it need never have been printed.	保守党的波旁主义财政政策和社团主义贸易政策的共同之处是“合成谬误”(fallacy of composition)，在《牛津哲学辞典》(Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy)中的定义是“因为某种情况适用于一个群体或集合中的成员，即辩称该情况适用于整个群体。”保罗·萨缪尔森(Paul Samuelson)曾在其销量高达数百万册的入门教材中，向经济学的初学者介绍过这种谬误。不过考虑那本书起到的“好作用”，当初倒不如不印。
Beggar-my-neighbour policies are sometimes justified by the collapse of a bogey called “market fundamentalism”. In fact, the baby is being thrown away with the bathwater. The classic case for competitive markets and free trade was made centuries ago by thinkers such as Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill and Richard Cobden who never expected markets to clear instantly or their participants to have a “correct” model of the economy in mind. Nor did they depend on an excessive deference to financial markets or to derivatives, which had mercifully not been invented. Ranged against them was the old Tory party, which unashamedly backed the landed interest. To be fair, however, the greatest Tory prime minister of the mid-19th century, Robert Peel, changed his mind after listening to a Cobden speech against the corn laws. Turning to a front-bench neighbour, Peel remarked: “You must answer him; for I cannot.” Peel was predictably disavowed by most of the Tories, among them the much overpraised Benjamin Disraeli.	有些时候，“市场原教旨主义”这种妖魔化理论的崩溃，证明了以邻为壑的经济政策的合理性。实际上，婴儿已经和洗澡水一起被泼了出去。数百年前，亚当·斯密(Adam Smith)、约翰·斯图亚特·穆勒(John Stuart Mill)和理查德·科布登(Richard Cobden)等思想家就阐明了竞争市场和自由贸易的经典原因古典论述，他们从未指望市场情况能立即明朗，或市场参与者心目中能有一种“正确”的经济模式；他们也没有过度依赖金融市场或衍生品——幸运的是，当时尚未发明。与他们相对的是托利党，曾厚颜无耻地支持拥有土地的利益集团。不过，公平地讲，19世纪中期最伟大的托利党首相罗伯特·皮尔(Robert Peel)在听过科布登反对《谷物法》的演讲后，就改变了主意。他当时转向坐在前排的邻座说道：“你必须回答他，因为我回答不了。”可以想见，皮尔被多数托利党人所否定，其中就包括盛名之下、其实难符的本杰明·迪斯雷利(Benjamin Disraeli)。
As this is still (just) the holiday season the kindest note on which to end is to suppose that Mr Cameron is consciously or not echoing the sentiment of Calvin Coolidge, US president in the mid-1920s, that “the chief business of the American people is business”. But Coolidge also said many much wiser things, such as: “I have never been hurt by what I have not said”, and: “Four-fifths of our troubles would disappear, if we would only sit down and keep still.”	鉴于现在还（正）是度假季节，最客气的评价，就是假设卡梅伦可能是在有意无意地呼应上世纪20年代美国总统卡尔文•柯立芝(Calvin Coolidge)的观点——“美国人民的要紧事就是做买卖”。不过柯立芝还讲过许多更明智的话，比如：“我从未因自己没有说过的话而受到伤害。”以及“即使坐在那里不动，八成的麻烦也都会消失。”
	译者/王柯伦

fire, play with fire, The FIRE (Financial Independence, Retire Early) movement, existential, catch fire, on fire, fire and brimstone, A fire whirl, fire devil, fire tornado, firenado, fire swirl, or fire twister

Aerial pictures show a "firenado," also known as a fire tornado, rolling across Queensland, Australia, as emergency crews across the country continue to battle more than 100 bushfires. https://cnn.it/355ZG9n

Why China’s Prized Liquor Is On Fire Again

關於這個網站

BLOOMBERG.COM

Why China’s Prized Liquor Is On Fire Again

"The Ebola crisis has aroused its own flavor of fear," writes Op-Ed columnist David Brooks. "It's a sour, existential fear. It's a fear you feel when the whole environment seems hostile."

George Soros: “Europe is facing a challenge from Russia to its very existence. Neither the European leaders nor their citizens are fully aware of this challenge or know how best to deal with it"

George Soros: Russia poses existential threat to Europe

Investor says Vladimir Putin’s aggressive nationalism challenges values...

THEGUARDIAN.COM|由 JULIAN BORGER 上傳

'Luka and the Fire of Life'
By SALMAN RUSHDIE
Reviewed by MARK ATHITAKIS


In Salman Rushdie's new children's novel, a sequel to "Haroun and the Sea of Stories," his hero must enter a magical realm to protect the very existence of storytelling.


Kindle Catches Fire

After more than a year of missteps by Apple's tablet rivals, at least one viable competitor, Amazon's Kindle Fire, appears to have surfaced for the popular iPad.

難翻的書名

原文的FIRE是一個字頭詞（FIRE=FINANCIAL INDEPENDENCE, RETIRE EARLY：財務自主、提早退休），原書用成語PLAYING WITH FIRE(玩火)達到醒目的目的，再用說明補充，中文完全無從招架，難上加難。真是難為了譯者。

The FIRE (Financial Independence, Retire Early) movement is a lifestyle movement whose goal is financial independence and retiring early. The model became particularly popular among millennials in the 2010s, gaining traction through online communities via information shared in blogs, podcasts, and online discussion forums

検索結果

ウェブ検索結果

Fire whirl - Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Fire_whirl

A fire whirl, also commonly known as a fire devil, or, (in many cases erroneously) as a fire tornado, firenado, fire swirl, or fire twister, is a whirlwind induced by a fire and often (at least partially) composed of flame or ash. These start with a whirl ...

Kindle Fire銷售火爆有望成為銷量亞軍

亞馬遜本月上市的平板電腦Kindle Fire取得了相當不俗的銷售成績﹐有望成為平板電腦市場銷量第二的產品﹐僅次於蘋果公司的iPad。

catch fire

1. Be ignited, as in This wood is dry enough to catch fire. [c. 1600] Also see set on fire.
2. Become inflamed with enthusiasm or passion, as in His ideas caught fire all over the country. [Early 1700s]

fire
n.

1. 1. A rapid, persistent chemical change that releases heat and light and is accompanied by flame, especially the exothermic oxidation of a combustible substance.
   2. Burning fuel or other material: a cooking fire; a forest fire.
2. 1. Burning intensity of feeling; ardor. See synonyms at passion.
   2. Enthusiasm.
3. Luminosity or brilliance, as of a cut and polished gemstone.
4. Liveliness and vivacity of imagination; brilliance.
5. A severe test; a trial or torment.
6. A fever or bodily inflammation.
7. 1. The discharge of firearms or artillery: heard the fire of cannon.
   2. The launching of a missile, rocket, or similar ballistic body.
   3. Discharged bullets or other projectiles: subjected enemy positions to heavy mortar fire; struck by rifle fire.
8. Intense, repeated attack or criticism: answered the fire from her political critics.

v., fired, fir·ing, fires. v.tr.

1. 1. To cause to burn; ignite.
   2. To light (something) up as if by fire: The morning sun fired the tops of the trees.
2. 1. To add fuel to (something burning).
   2. To maintain or fuel a fire in.
   3. To start (a fuel-burning engine). Often used with up.
3. 1. To bake in a kiln: fire pottery.
   2. To dry by heating.
4. To arouse the emotions of; make enthusiastic or ardent. Often used with up: warriors who were fired by patriotism.
5. 1. To discharge (a firearm, for example).
   2. To detonate (an explosive).
6. 1. To propel (a projectile); launch (a missile).
   2. Informal. To throw with force and speed; hurl: fire a ball at a batter.
   3. To utter or direct with insistence: fired questions at the senator.
7. Games. To score (a number) in a game or contest.
8. To discharge from a position; dismiss. See synonyms at dismiss.

v.intr.

1. To become ignited; flame up.
2. 1. To become excited or ardent.
   2. To become angry or annoyed.
3. To tend a fire.
4. 1. To shoot a weapon: aimed and fired at the target.
   2. To detonate an explosive.
   3. To ignite fuel, as in an engine.
5. Informal. To project or hurl a missile: The pitcher wound up and fired.
6. Physiology. To generate an electrical impulse. Used of a neuron.
7. To become yellowed or brown before reaching maturity, as grain.

phrasal verbs:
fire away Informal.

1. To start to talk or ask questions.

fire off

1. To utter or ask rapidly.
2. To write and send (a letter, for example) in haste.

idioms:
between two fires

1. Being attacked from two sources or sides simultaneously.

on fire

1. Ignited; ablaze.
2. Filled with enthusiasm or excitement.

start (or light build) a fire under Slang.

1. To urge or goad to action.

under fire

1. Exposed or subjected to enemy attack.
2. Exposed or subjected to critical attack or censure: an official who was under fire for mismanagement.

[Middle English fir, from Old English fȳr.]

fireable fire'a·ble adj.
firer fir'er n.


[名]

1 [U]火, 炎；[C]（暖）炉で燃える火, 炭火, たき火；（料理用レンジの）火；((英))ストーブ, （ガス・電気などの）暖房器具

a bright ［a blazing］ fire
赤々と燃える火

build ［make］ a fire
火を起こす

light ［kindle］ a fire
火をたきつける

feed the fire with fuel
火に燃料をくべる

Light the fire with a match.
マッチで火をつけなさい

Take the pan off the fire.
平なべを火からおろしなさい.

2 [C][U]火事, 火災

fire prevention
防火（設備）

a forest fire
山火事

fight a fire
消火にあたる

put out a fire
火事を消す

A fire broke out in my neighborhood.
近所に火事があった.

3 [U][C]（銃砲の）発射, 射撃；砲火；（質問・非難・抗議などを）しつこく浴びせること, 叱責

covering ［friendly］ fire
援護［味方の］射撃

a ceaseless fire of criticisms
絶え間ない批判の雨

open ［cease］ fire on ...
…への射撃を始める［やめる］

return (a person's) fire
（人に）撃ち返す

Open fire！
撃ち方, 始め.

4 火のような輝き, 光輝；輝く様子；（宝石などの）輝き；((詩))星

eyes full of fire
きらきら光る目

The jewels gave off a cool fire.
宝石は冷たく輝いていた.

5 [U]燃えるような情熱, 激情；熱意；興奮, 激怒

a speech lacking fire
熱のない演説

reserve one's fire
激しい怒りを抑える.

6 [U]激しい想像力, 空想；霊感.

7 [U]（病気による）発熱, 炎症.

8 [C][U]きびしい試練, 苦難；((the 〜))火刑, 火責め.

9 （アルコールを飲んだときの）効き目, ほてり.

10 [C][U]火花, 閃光(せんこう)(spark)；((古))電光, 稲妻；雷電.

an open fire

（暖炉の）火種.

be tested by fire

火によって試される, 修羅場をくぐる.

between two fires

両方から（砲火・非難の）攻撃を受けて, 板ばさみになって.

catch (on) fire

(1) 火がつく, 燃えだす.
(2) 熱狂的な支持を得る.
(3) 非常にうまくいく, 大成功する.

draw (a person's) fire

（人の）（砲火・非難の）攻撃を招く［の的となる］.

fight fire with fire

相手をやっつけるのに相手と同じ方法を用いる, 目には目をもって報いる.

fire and brimstone

地獄の苦しみ.

fire and the sword

兵火と殺戮(さつりく), 戦禍.

fire in one's belly

野心, 熱意.

go through fire (and water)

((古風))（…のために）水火も辞さない, あらゆる危険を冒す((for ...)).

hang fire

(1) 〈銃砲が〉発射が遅れる, 発火しない.
(2) 決断がつかない, ぐずぐずする；〈事業などが〉延び延びになる.

hold (one's) fire

(1) 射撃をやめる.
(2) 意見［行動］を差し控える.

lay a fire

火をたく用意をする, 薪を積む.

line of fire

火線, 弾丸の飛んでくる筋道, 弾筋

be in the (direct) line of fire
銃弾の飛来する（まっただ）中にいる.

miss fire

(1) 〈銃砲などが〉発火［発射］しない, 不発に終わる.
(2) 功を奏しない, 不成功に終わる, 失敗する.

on fire

(1) 火事になって, 燃えて.
(2) ((文))〈体の一部が〉痛む, ひりひりする.
(3) 熱心になって, 躍起になって

be on fire with an ideal
理想に燃えている.

on the fire

準備中で, とりかかっているところで.

play with fire

重大な問題を軽々しく扱う；火遊びする.

pull ... out of the fire

困難を乗り越え…を成功させる.

set fire to .../set ... on fire

(1) …に（過失・故意で）火をつける, 放火する.
(2) …を興奮させる, 激させる.

start ［build, light］ a fire under person

((米話))〈その気のない人を〉たきつける, に圧力をかける.

strike fire

(1) （火打ち石を）打って火を出す((from ...)).
(2) 感銘を与える, 感動させる.

take fire

(1) 火がつく, 燃えつく.
(2) 興奮する, 熱狂する.

under fire

(1) （…から）砲火を浴びて, 攻撃されて((from ...)).
(2) （…から）非難［批判］を受けて((from ...))

come under fire
非難を浴びる.

Where's the fire？

なぜ急いでいるんだ；スピードの出しすぎだ.
▼警官が言う.

━━[動](他)

1 ［III[名]（[副]）］ 〈銃砲・ミサイル・ロケットなどを〉発射する；〈銃弾などを〉（…めがけて）撃つ, 発砲する((at ...))；〈質問・非難などを〉（…に）浴びせかける((at ...))；((略式))〈石などを〉（…めがけて）投げ（つけ）る, ぶつける((at ...))

fire a pistol at the target
標的めがけてピストルを撃つ

She was firing questions at the politician.
彼女はその政治家に矢継ぎ早の質問を浴びせていた.

2 ［III[名]（[副]）］((主に米))〈人を〉（…から）解雇する, 首にする（((英))sack）((from ...))

be fired from one's job
仕事を首になる

You're fired.
おまえは首だ.

3 ［III[名]（[副]）］〈感情を〉燃え立たせる, あおる；…を感激［興奮］させる((up))；…を奮い立たせる, 鼓舞する；〈人を〉（感情で）燃え立たせる((with ...))

fire the imagination of a poet
詩人の想像力をかき立てる

His speech fired us with enthusiasm.
彼の話に私たちは熱狂した.

4 …を火にかける, 熱する；〈れんがなどを〉焼く；…をゆっくり熱する；〈茶・タバコの葉を〉いる, ほうじる.

5 〈機械に〉（燃料を）くべる((with ...))；火を入れる；…の火の番をする.

6 …に火をつける, 点火する, を燃やす.

7 …を（燃えるように）明るく輝かせる, 光らせる.

8 〈地雷などを〉爆発させる, 〈鉱床などを〉爆破する.

━━(自)

1 ［I（[副]）］（…めがけて）射撃する, 銃を撃つ, 発砲する((at, on, upon, into ...))

The terrorists were firing into the crowd.
テロリストたちは群衆に発砲していた（▼進行形は反復を示す）.

2 〈銃砲が〉火を噴く, 発射する；〈エンジンが〉点火する

The gun fired.
ピストルが火を噴いた.

3 （弾丸・ロケット・矢などを）発射する.

4 火がつく, 燃えつく［だす］；〈瀬戸物などが〉焼ける.

5 燃えるように輝く, 赤く燃える；興奮する, 激する, 躍起になる.

6 〈脳細胞が〉信号を発する.

7 ((米))〈植物の葉が〉早枯れして黄色くなる.

fire away

((略式))(自)
(1) どしどしやる；どんどん話［質問］を続ける；((命令文))((話))質問をどうぞ.
(2) 始める.
(3) （…めがけて）銃を撃ち続ける((at ...)).

━━(他)

［fire ... away/fire away ...］

(1) ((略式))〈質問などを〉始める, 〈仕事に〉取りかかる.
(2) 〈弾丸などを〉撃ち続ける.

fire back ...

（怒って）〈返事を〉言い返す.

fire ... off/fire off ...

(1) 〈弾丸・ロケットなどを〉発射する；…を撃ち尽くす.
(2) 〈質問・言葉などを〉放つ, 浴びせる.
(3) 〈メモなどを〉（人に）さっと渡す((to ...)).

fire up

(自)
(1) （かまどなどに）火をたきつける.
(2) ((略式))憤激する, かっとなる.

━━(他)

［fire ... up/fire up ...］

(1) …を持ち上げる.
(2) 〈機械などを〉始動させる；〈コンピュータの〉スイッチを入れる.
(3) ⇒(他)3

brimstone

 音節

brím • stòne

[名]

1 [U]((古))硫黄(sulfur)

fire and brimstone
地獄の業火.

2 《昆虫》ヤマキチョウ(brimstone butterfly).

［BURN＋STONE］

brím・stòn・y

[形]

existence

Line breaks: ex¦ist|ence

Pronunciation: /ɪɡˈzɪst(ə)ns, ɛɡ-/NOUN

[MASS NOUN]

1The fact or state of living or having objective reality:the organization has been in existence for fifteen years

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1.1Continued survival:she kept the company alive when its veryexistence was threatened

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1.2[COUNT NOUN] A way of living:our stressed-out urban existence

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1.3[COUNT NOUN] (In certain beliefs) any of a person’ssuccessive earthly lives:a person may be reaping the consequences ofevil deeds sown in previous existences

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1.4All that exists:he believed in the essential unity of all existence

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1.5[COUNT NOUN] archaic Something that exists; abeing.

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Origin

late middle english: from Old French, or from late Latinexistentia, from Latin exsistere 'come into being', fromex- 'out' + sistere 'take a stand'.

existential

Line breaks: ex¦ist|en¦tial

Pronunciation: /ˌɛɡzɪˈstɛnʃ(ə)l/

ADJECTIVE

1Relating to existence.

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1.1Philosophy Concerned with existentialism.

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1.2Logic (Of a proposition) affirming or implying theexistence of a thing.

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Origin

late 17th century: from late Latin existentialis, fromexistentia (see existence).