A chantry or (from Latin) obiit ("he has departed"; may also refer to the mass or masses themselves) was a form of trust fund established during the pre-Reformation medieval era in England for the purpose of employing one or more priests to sing a stipulated number ofmasses for the benefit of the soul of a specified deceased person, usually the donor who had established the chantry in his will, during a stipulated period of time immediately following his death. It was believed such masses would speed the deceased's soul through its undesirable and indeterminate period in Purgatory onwards to eternal rest in Heaven. Clearly once the soul had reached Heaven the ideal state for the Christian human soul had been attained, and the saying of masses would serve no further function. Thus the concept of Purgatory was central to the perceived need for chantries. Chantries were commonly established in England and were endowed with lands, rents from specified properties and other assets by the donor, usually in his will. The income from these assets maintained the chantry priest.
A chantry chapel is a building on private land or a dedicated area or altar within a parish church or cathedral, set aside or built especially for the performance of the chantry duties by the priest. A chantry may occupy for premises a single altar, for example in the side aisle of a church, rather than an enclosed chapel within a larger church, generally dedicated to the donor's favourite saint. Many such chantry altars became richly endowed, often with gold furnishings and valuable vestments. Over the centuries chantries increased their wealth, often by attracting new donors, and chantry priests, or those feoffees who employed them, were in many cases able to enjoy great wealth. In some instances this led to corruption of the consecrated life expected of clerics. It also led in general to an accumulation of great wealth and power by the Church, beyond the feudal control of the Crown. This evident corruption was one of the factors utilized by King Henry VIII to order the Dissolution of the Monasteries in England. At that time, chantries were abolished and their assets were sold or granted to persons at the discretion of King Henry VIII and his son King Edward VI, via the Court of Augmentations. Many Tudor periodbusinessmen, such as Thomas Bell (1486-1566) of Gloucester, thus acquired chantries as financial investments producing income streams derived from rents, or "unbundled" the assets and sold them piecemeal at a profit.
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[hide]chantry ランダムハウス英和大辞典
音節 chan • try 発音 tʃǽntri，tʃɑ'ːn-|tʃɑ'ːn-
[名詞] (pl. -tries)
1 〔教会〕 (寄進者またはその名指す人の冥福を祈るミサのための)寄進，寄付.
2 〔教会〕 寄進による礼拝堂，祭壇，教会堂の一部.
3 〔教会〕 ((集合的)) 寄進で生活を維持している聖職者.
4 〔教会〕 (教会堂付属の)小礼拝堂，チャペル.
語源
c1387-95.中期英語 chanterie＜中期フランス語；→CHANT
A chantry chapel is a building on private land or a dedicated area or altar within a parish church or cathedral, set aside or built especially for the performance of the chantry duties by the priest. A chantry may occupy for premises a single altar, for example in the side aisle of a church, rather than an enclosed chapel within a larger church, generally dedicated to the donor's favourite saint.
寄進（きしん, 英: Contribution ）とは、ものを「寄せまいらせる」の意であり、寺院や神社などに土地や金銭、財物を寄付することである。 寄進の類義語に「勧進」があり、「勧進」が人に勧めて金銭や物品を奉納せしむる行為であるのに対し、「寄進」はみずから進んで奉納寄付するというニュアンス上のちがいがある。
[名詞]
- 1(詩篇しへん・雅歌などを歌にする場合に用いられる)短い単調な旋律.
- 2典礼聖歌，チャント
- a chant
- グレゴリオ聖歌(カトリック教会典礼聖歌).
- 3詠唱，歌唱：典礼全体か部分が歌で執行され，あるいは詠唱されること.
- 4(一般に)単調な節の歌.
- 5歌，唱歌；(鳥などの)さえずり.
- 6単調な話し方.
- 7シュプレヒコール.
- 8繰り返し言われる意見.
- 9チャント：ハワイで古代の祈りや詠唱.
━━ [他動詞]
- 1chant に合わせて［のように］歌う，(特に礼拝で)詠唱歌に合わせて歌う，詠唱調で歌う.
- 2歌う.
- 3歌で賛美する［褒めたたえる］.
- 4〈スローガンなどを〉シュプレヒコールする.
- 5(売るために)褒めそやす.
━━ [自動詞]
- 1歌う；〈鳥が〉さえずる.
- 2詠唱する；(歌うように)お経を唱える.
- 3単調に［繰り返し］話す.
- 4シュプレヒコールする.
- 5〈猟犬が〉ほえ(たて)る.
chantの慣用句
- chant horses
- (売りつけるために)馬を褒めそやす；だまして売りつける.
- chant the praises [or the eulogy] of a person/chant a person's praises
- =.
- 語源
- c1390.(動詞)中期英語 chanten＜中期フランス語 chanter＜ラテン語 cant
re(canere「歌う」の反復形)；(名詞)＜フランス語 chant＜ラテン語 cantus； →
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