2022年6月5日 星期日

carcinogen, dirt, dirty money, bitumen, dilbit, oil sands


Trump Jr. Met Russian for Dirt on Clinton

Lawyer With Ties to Kremlin Was Said to Have Harmful News

By JO BECKER, MATT APUZZO and ADAM GOLDMAN

川普長子捲入通俄門

為獲取希拉蕊黑材料曾會見俄律師

川普當時的競選主席和女婿庫什納也參加了會面。這是首個經證實的川普競選團隊與俄羅斯的私下會面,也證明了其團隊中至少有部分人願意接受俄方的幫助。


世衛認定草甘膦致癌 農藥商孟山都震怒


世界衛生組織下屬機構國際癌症研究機構(International Agency for Research on Cancer)本月將全世界最普遍的農藥「草甘膦」歸類為「強烈懷疑的人類致癌物」(probable human carcinogen)。 本月稍早,來自11國的17位專家在里昂IARC舉行會議,評估5種有機磷農藥的致癌性:殺蟲威、對硫磷、馬拉硫磷、二嗪磷和草甘膦,最後決議將草甘膦歸類為強烈懷疑的人類致癌物,並將結果發表於頂尖的英國醫學期刊《刺胳針》(The Lancet)。


E-INFO.ORG.TW




Oil Sands Industry in Canada Tied to Higher Carcinogen Level

By IAN AUSTEN
Alberta's oil sands industry has raised the levels of cancer-causing compounds in surrounding lakes well beyond natural levels, researchers reported.


Online reputations in the dirt
Serious glitches at Sony and Amazon have revived worries about the risks of handling data online


Pelosi Hints That She Has Dirt on Gingrich
House's top Democrat suggests she has "thousands of pages" on the latest GOP frontrunner.

Oil sands, tar sands or, more technically, bituminous sands, are a type of unconventional petroleum deposit. The oil sands are loose sand or partially consolidated sandstone containing naturally occurring mixtures of sand, clay, and water, saturated with a dense and extremely viscous form ofpetroleum technically referred to as bitumen (or colloquially tar due to its similar appearance, odour and colour). Natural bitumen deposits are reported in many countries, but in particular are found in extremely large quantities in Canada.[1][2]


油砂英語Oil sands,亦稱焦油砂)是一種黏土石油瀝青的混合物,是一種膠狀的黑色物質,可以用來產生液體燃料。焦油砂佔據了世界石油儲量的66%,主要分布在加拿大。約兩噸的油砂才能提煉出一桶原油,油砂含油量約佔本身兩成左右。目前加拿大的估計可採量達3150億桶以上,僅次於沙烏地阿拉伯之原油蘊藏量。

[編輯]各地開採與使用

目前台灣中油公司已和加拿大當地的印地安油砂公司合作,雙方簽署8億加元投資的備忘錄將合作開採油砂。目前加拿大每天能開採約100萬桶原油,未來將提升至每天200萬桶原油的數量。
美國擬建拱心石XL焦油砂管道(為拱心石管道的擴建工程),後因對環境影響極大,在徵取了美洲原住民的意見後,美國總統歐巴馬否決拱心石XL焦油砂管道工程(加拿大對此表示遺憾)。近日,美國參議院擬舉行投票以給拱心石XL焦油砂管道開綠燈,遭到網民的圍攻,網民在350.org上不到24小時積攢了60萬份請願書。





2010年7月下旬,在密西根州西南方一個擁有七千多住民的小城馬歇爾,發生Enbridge公司管線洩出一百萬加侖油污到社區和卡拉馬祖河,河面漆黑綿延六十公里。這個傾洩,讓主管機關猛然醒覺,他們對輸送物質的了解多麼有限。由於法案沒規定業主申報輸送詳細內容,加上業主避重就輕,整整花了一星期,才弄懂洩出的是「稀釋瀝青」(dilbit)。根據過往經驗,本來預估一個月可完成清理,結果花了兩年。「瀝青」是石油市場裡最髒、最黏的產品,由於黏性大,需要加入化學液體稀釋,才能加壓輸送。清理過程,除河面浮油、河底油砂,還有含苯(有致癌性)的化學物質。據聯邦政府環保局從1970年累積處理的8400件漏油事件,從沒看過「稀釋瀝青」。


  1. Dilbit - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilbit
    Dilbit (diluted bitumen) is a means of transporting highly viscous petroleum. Per the Alberta Oil Sands Bitumen Valuation Methodology, "Dilbit Blends" means ...

    1. InsideClimate News ‎- 1 day ago
      Two Michigan men testified Wednesday that a 2010 oil spill into the Kal

bitumen

音節bi・tu・men 発音記号/bɪt(j)úːmɪnbítʃʊ‐/
【名詞】【不可算名詞】
1
【鉱物】 瀝青(きせ), ビチューメン炭化水素化合物; asphalttar など道路舗装》.
2
暗褐色.


骯髒??炸彈 《每日電訊報》頭版報道稱,據資深安全部門人士透露,巴基斯坦政局混亂正在給基地組織和其他伊斯蘭極端主義組織可乘之機。 報道稱,許多恐怖主義組織長期希望能夠發展出所謂"骯髒炸彈",也就是可以造成大面積核污染的簡陋核武器。 報道指出,巴基斯坦是唯一擁有核武器的穆斯林國家。巴基斯坦境內的基地組織勢力和塔利班勢力均長期試圖獲得核技術。

dirty bomb noun [C]
a bomb which has radioactive material added to it so that it causes more damage and pollution


dirty

    1. Soiled, as with dirt; unclean.
    2. Spreading dirt; polluting: The air near the foundry was always dirty.
    3. Apt to soil with dirt or grime: a dirty job at the garage.
    4. Contaminated with bacteria or other infectious microorganisms.
  1. Squalid or filthy; run-down: dirty slums.
    1. Obscene or indecent: dirty movies; a dirty joke.
    2. Malicious or scandalous: a dirty lie.
    1. Unethical or corrupt; sordid: dirty politics.
    2. Not sportsmanlike: dirty players; a dirty fighter.
    3. Acquired by illicit or improper means: dirty money.
    4. Slang. Possessing or using illegal drugs.
    1. Unpleasant or distasteful; thankless: Laying off workers is the dirty part of this job.
    2. Extremely unfortunate or regrettable: a dirty shame.
  2. Expressing disapproval or hostility: gave us a dirty look.
  3. Not bright and clear in color; somewhat dull or drab. Often used in combination: dirty-blonde hair; dirty-green walls.
  4. Producing a very great amount of long-lived radioactive fallout. Used of nuclear weapons.
  5. Stormy; rough: dirty weather.


dirty
[形](-i・er, -i・est)
1 きたない, よごれた, 不潔な(⇔clean)
a dirty coat
よごれた上着
a dirty room
きたない部屋
dirty hands
よごれた手.


dirty money

[U]
1 汚れた金;裏金.
2 (きたない物を取り扱う人の)汚染手当.
[ü]
一個不義之財;賄賂。
2(經辦人討厭的東西)污染津貼。


dirt

[名][U]
1 よごれ, 汚物, 不潔なもの;(服などについた)泥, ごみ, ほこり, あか, 排泄(はいせつ)
dog dirt
犬のふん
Are your hands free of dirt?
手はよごれていませんか.
2 土, 土壌, ばら土
a clod of dirt
土のかたまり
The wind picked up some dirt.
風で土煙が少し上がった.
3 無価値なもの, ひどいもの;卑しい人間
treat a person like (a piece of) dirt
人をごみのように扱う.
4 不道徳;下劣さ;堕落.
5 卑わいな言葉, ポルノ;うわさ話, スキャンダル, 悪口
fling [cast, throw] dirt at [on] ...
…に悪口を言う.
dish the dirt
((略式))(人の)(悪い)うわさ話をする((on ...)).
do a person dirt
((俗))〈人に〉不愉快な[不当な]ことをする
He has done me dirt.
彼にひどい仕打ちをうけた.
eat dirt
((俗))屈辱をなめる, 恥を忍ぶ.
hit the dirt
((俗))
(1) (野球で)滑り込む.
(2) (砲弾から身を守るため)地面に伏せる, 避難場所に飛び込む.
[スカンジナビア語. 古アイスランド語drit(鳥の排泄物→汚物). rとiが入れ替わって-ir-となった. ⇒BIRD, THIRD(dûrt) pronunciation
n.
  1. Earth or soil.
    1. A filthy or soiling substance, such as mud or dust.
    2. Excrement.
  2. A squalid or filthy condition.
  3. One that is mean, contemptible, or vile.
    1. Obscene language or subject matter.
    2. Malicious or scandalous gossip.
    3. Information that embarrasses or accuses.
  4. Unethical behavior or practice; corruption.
  5. Material, such as gravel or slag, from which metal is extracted in mining.
[Middle English, variant of drit, excrement, filth, mud, from Old Norse.]





carcinogenLine breaks: car¦cino|gen
Pronunciation: /kɑːˈsɪnədʒ(ə)n/

Definition of carcinogen in English:

noun

A substance capable of causing cancer in living tissue.

Origin

Mid 19th century: from an abbreviation of carcinoma -gen.


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