2017年1月5日 星期四

contraband, smut, redundant, redundancy, gnash one's teeth


The Romans loved art full of violence and sex.
Where modern viewers see smut and gore, ancient eyes may have seen something different.
BBC.COM|由 ALASTAIR SOOKE 上傳



IEEE Spectrum

Next year Volvo will do something no other company has tried: it will put 100 fully self-driving cars in the hands of customers. Regular folks in Gothenberg, Sweden and in London will test the systems for the automaker.



Volvo's Self-Driving Program Will Have Redundancy For Everything
The cars will have two independent motors to be sure that at least one of…
SPECTRUM.IEEE.ORG
THE UPSHOT







James Joyce's Ulyssses was once an article of coveted and contraband smut.




Volvo to cut 3,000 jobs

Swedish carmaker Volvo says it plans to cut more than 3,000 jobs. This is in addition to the 2,000 job cuts announced earlier this year. Volvo said in a statement that while job cuts would mostly impact operations in the Swedish west coast city of Gothenburg, an additional 600 employees outside of Sweden would also be made redundant. As well, contracts with 700 consultants are to be cancelled. Chief executive Stephen Odell said that the company was downsizing its 25,000-strong workforce as the downturn in the global car industry was more drastic than expected. The carmaker is expected to sell 400,000 cars this year compared to more than 450,000 last year.



Of course, other security measures, such as explosive sniffers, can be employed, and often are. But the most reliable alternative to X-ray scanning, hand-searching everything, is slow and expensive. The upshot is that contraband is frequently smuggled in cargo and one day a bomb may be, too.

teeth- gnashing

gnash
tr.v.gnashedgnash·inggnash·es.
  1. To grind or strike (the teeth, for example) together.
  2. To bite (something) by grinding the teeth.
[Alteration of Middle English gnasten, gnaisten, possibly of Scandinavian origin; akin to Old Norse gnastan, a gnashing.]
gnash gnash n.


gnash one's teeth
Express a strong emotion, usually rage, as in When Jonah found out he was not going to be promoted, he gnashed his teeth. This expression is actually redundant, since gnash means "to strike the teeth together." Edmund Spenser used it in The Faerie Queene (1590): "And both did gnash their teeth." [Late 1500s]






redundant 

Pronunciation: /rɪˈdʌnd(ə)nt/ 

ADJECTIVE

1Not or no longer needed or usefulsuperfluous:an appropriate use for a redundant churchmany of the old skills had become redundant
1.1British No longer in employment because there is no more work available:1928eight permanent staff were made redundant
1.2Engineering (Of a component) not strictly necessary to functioning but included in case of failure in another component:the modules are linked using a redundant fibre-optic cable



Derivatives

redundantly
ADVERB

Origin

Late 16th century (in the sense 'abundant'): from Latin redundant- 'surging up', from the verb redundare (see redound).
redundancy 

Pronunciation: /rɪˈdʌnd(ə)nsi/ 

NOUN (plural redundancies)

[MASS NOUN]
1The state of being not or no longer needed or useful:the redundancy of 19th-century heavy plant machinery
1.1British The state of being no longer in employment because there is no more work available:the factory’s workers face redundancy[COUNT NOUN]: the car giant is expected to announce around 5,000 redundancies
1.2Engineering The inclusion of extra components which are not strictly necessary to functioning, in case of failure in other components:a high degree of redundancy is built into the machinery installation

    smutsmʌt

    1.
    a small flake of soot or other dirt or a mark left by one.

    "all those black smuts from the engine"



    2.
    a fungal disease of cereals in which parts of the ear change to black powder.
    "a few bad crop years with smut and drought and frost"
    verb
    1.
    mark with flakes or soot or other dirt.

    "the smutted sky"


    2.
    infect (a plant) with smut.





    "smutted wheat"
    Urban Dictionary: smut

    contraband
    adjective


    contraband cigarettes/goods


    contraband

    noun [U]

    goods which are brought into or taken out of the country secretly and illegally:


    The lorry contained thousands of pounds worth of contraband.
     noun

con・tra・band





━━ a., n. 禁制の; 禁制[密売]品; 密輸.
contraband of war 戦時禁制品.

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