2017年12月26日 星期二

*Lost Generation(s), aboriginal, aborigines, abo, settlement



Copper for December delivery closed up 1.3% to $3.2560 a pound, the highest settlement since July 2014.

【新港文書從課本裡活過來了?】
在聯合國教科文組織的網站上,西拉雅語連同洪安雅語、巴宰語等台灣平埔族語言,被列為「滅絕語言」。
但如今,這個被認定「死去」的語言,卻開始有人教、有人學,一場語言文化復興正在展開...

Pope praises Australia for apology to Aborigines

Pope Benedict XVI has used a speech to hundreds of thousands of Roman Catholic pilgrims gathered in the Australian city of Sydney to urge the world to take more care of its natural resources.
The pope also condemned television and the Internet for exalting violence and sexual exploitation.
The speech was Benedict's first major address at the Roman Catholic Church's World Youth Day. In earlier remarks, the pontiff praised the Australian government for its February apology to the country's Aborigines for injustices committed over two centuries of white settlement.

SAid和David Barsamian對談錄"文化與抵抗"( Culture and Resistance: Conversations With Edward)梁永安譯,台北:立緒,2004
Said訪問稿可試讀:
http://www.progressive.org/0901/intv1101.html
 網站資料有錯;http://db.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010265910
「巴薩米安(David Barsamian)科羅拉多州博爾德市「替代性電台」(
Alternative Radio)的創辦人及台長。他最近期的作品包括了…….《階級福利》(Class Walfare)」
這是錯誤的,《階級戰爭》(Class Warfare)才對。 
這個字眼的歷史,請參考本其紐約時報周日雜誌WILLIAM SAFIRE專文。其中談從「階級鬥爭」到「階級戰爭」:
Class warfare began as class struggle. In their 1848 ''Communist Manifesto,'' Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote, ''The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggle'' -- in German, Klassenkämpfen. Kampf is translated as ''struggle,'' short of Krieg, ''war.'' But in 1852, the battle was rhetorically escalated in The Times of London: ''Lord Henry Lennox thinks that the pressure of taxation is unequal, and he hopes for an amicable settlement of our fatal class warfare.'' (Sounds as if Lord Henry is running for office today.) Aldous Huxley in 1927 denounced ''those who would interpret all social phenomena in terms of class warfare.''




settlement


音節set・tle・ment 発音記号/séṭlmənt/音声を聞く
名詞
1
不可算名詞
2
a
不可算名詞 植民移民開拓 〔of〕.
b
可算名詞 植民地居留地新開地開拓地.
c
可算名詞 村落.
fishing settlement 漁民村落.
4
不可算名詞 (液体が)澄むこと; (かすが)沈むこと沈殿.
5
不可算名詞 (建物地盤などの)降下沈下.
6
可算名詞 解決決定和解 〔of〕.
the settlement of a dispute 紛争解決.
7
可算名詞 清算決算.
the settlement of one's debts 借金の返済.
8
可算名詞 【法律, 法学】 (財産)贈与贈与財産 〔on,upon〕.
make a settlement on… …に財産贈与する.


settle (LIVE)
verb
1 [I usually + adverb or preposition] to go and live somewhere, especially permanently:
After they got married, they settled in Brighton.

2 [I or T; often passive] to arrive, especially from another country, in a new place and establish yourself, claiming the land as your own:
America was first settled by people who came across from Asia over 25 000 years ago.

settled adjective
After many years of travelling around, we're now enjoying a more settled life (= we are living in one place).

settlement
noun [C or U]
A large Roman settlement (= a place where people lived during that period in history) has been discovered just outside the town.
Many Native Americans were killed during the settlement of the American West by Europeans in the nineteenth century.

settler
noun [C]
a person who arrives, especially from another country, in a new place and claims the land in order to live on it and farm it


Literary Glossary: Lost Generation
A term first used by Gertrude Stein to describe the post-World War I generation of American writers: men and women haunted by a sense of betrayal and emptiness brought about by the destructiveness of the war. The term is commonly applied to Hart Crane, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and others.


Australian PM with historic apology to Aborigines

Australia has apologised to the Aboriginal people for decades of mistreatment. Speaking in parliament Prime Minister Kevin Rudd issued the formal apology to members of the so-called Stolen Generations of aborigines, who were forcibly taken from their families and communities when they were young children. Rudd said the laws and policies had inflicted "profound grief, suffering and loss". The parliamentary apology comes 11 years after a report into
past assimilation policies between 1910 and 1970. Major television networks aired it live and huge crowds gathered around huge screens in major cities to witness the event.
澳大利亚政府首次向土著居民道歉
在实行数十年的血腥镇压和歧视政策之后,澳大利亚政府日前已向国
内土著居民表示道歉。总理陆克文以此修正了由白人占多数的澳大利亚历界政府所采取的长期强硬政策。下面是记者从新加坡给德国之声发来的报道。
澳大利亚政府以国家的名义向该国土著居民所承受的不公予以道歉,并承诺,类似事件绝不会再度发生。从上一世纪初直至60年代末,澳大利亚数十万土著家庭的男孩儿和女孩儿被迫与父母分离,生活在由白人开办的教养所,或是被他人收养。
这些人因此获得了被偷窃一代的称谓,数周来,澳大利亚政府的道歉在国内引发了激烈的辩论。该国在野党曾长期反对这样的做法。在澳大利亚前总理霍华德执政期间,由自由党和国家党组成的执政联盟曾一直对此持反对立场。
原因很可能是担心遭受迫害的澳大利亚原住民会提出经济赔偿要求,因为现在的反对党-工党领袖尼尔逊也将向土著居民表示公开道歉与一定的前提条件联系在一起,“总理陆克文必须澄清此举的法律后果,尤其在经济赔偿方面,以此确保国家不受索赔浪潮的袭击。”
并非所有的反对党议员都支持由执政党工党提交的道歉呈文。一些人认为,当时,此举是为了替孩子们着想。澳大利亚国家党政治家斯科特表示:“我不看好这种让几代人承担责任的做法。那时收养土著居民孩子的白人都坚信自己做了件好事,为这些孩子提供了一个过上好日子的机会。”
但受害者却不这么认为。被偷窃一代人联盟的克里斯蒂娜-金在接受澳大利亚广播电台采访时说,政府的公开道歉是修改历史不公程序的开始。四岁时,克里斯蒂娜就与妹妹一道被迫与家人分离,她的母亲也属于被偷窃的一代,“母亲一生都生活在这样的年代,现在已80岁高龄的母亲终于听到了政府的道歉,家里的所有受害成员有幸医治心灵上的创伤。这对我来说是政府道歉的意义所在。”
但公开道歉中,政府对受害者进行经济赔偿却只字不提。截至目前,唯有澳大利亚的塔斯曼尼亚联邦州设立了索赔基金。
德国之声版权所有
转载或引用请标明出处和作者
http://newsletter.dw-world.de/re?l=evxmqgI44va89pI9


Lost Generations
澳大利亞政府從1910-1960將原著住民子女強行與父母分局的政策下的受害者.2008年政府正式"道歉"......

Taiwanese aborigines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_aborigines

Taiwanese aborigines is the term commonly applied to the indigenous peoples of Taiwan, who number more than 530,000 and constitute nearly 2.3% of the ...

Aboriginal peoples in Canada - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aboriginal_peoples_in_Canada

Aboriginal peoples in Canada, or Aboriginal Canadians are the indigenous peoples within the boundaries of present-day Canada. They comprise the First ...

In the news
Image for the news result
Video: Researchers track down Aboriginal rock art (ABC News). "It's a window into ...

aboriginal

(ăb'ə-rĭj'ə-nəl) pronunciation
adj.
  1. Having existed in a region from the beginning: aboriginal forests. See synonyms at native.pronunciation The early settlers learned a lot from the aboriginal cultures.

    1. Of or relating to aborigines.
    2. often Aboriginal Of or relating to the indigenous peoples of Australia.
n.
also Aboriginal An aborigine.

ab・o・rig・i・nal



 ━━ a., n. 初めからの, 先住の; 土着の(動植物); 先住民(の); (普通A-) オーストラリア先住民(の).
ab・o・rig・i・ne
 ━━ n. (普通A-) (オーストラリア)先住民.

Ab・o, ab・o



━━ n.pl. ~s) 〔豪俗〕 〔軽蔑〕 =aboriginal.




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