speak, talk, converse, discourse, articulate

That is not all. Shoichi Koseki, in his book “Birth of Japan’s Postwar Constitution,” wrote that the Constitution contained some of the most advanced civil rights clauses of the time — including Article 24, drafted by Sirota, which for the first time in Japanese history articulated equal rights for half of the country’s population — the women.


不僅如此。古關彰一(Shoichi Koseki)在其《日本戰後憲法的誕生》(Birth of Japan’s Postwar Constitution)一書中寫道，日本憲法包含了一些當時最先進的民權條款——包括由西洛塔起草的第24條，該條在日本歷史上首次把平等權利賦予?該 國一半人口——女性。

China | 04.03.2010

China lets its cash speak in the Balkans

Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: What is the price of Chinese investment in south-eastern Europe?

As Brussels painstakingly deliberates the merits of aspiring European Union members in the Balkans, Beijing has begun an investment offensive in the region. But is China’s money talking economics or politics?


speak
v., spoke (spōk), spo·ken (spō'kən), speak·ing, speaks. v.intr.

1. To utter words or articulate sounds with ordinary speech modulation; talk.
2. 1. To convey thoughts, opinions, or emotions orally.
   2. To express oneself.
   3. To be on speaking terms: They are no longer speaking.
3. To deliver an address or lecture: The mayor spoke at the rally.
4. 1. To make a statement in writing: The biography speaks of great loneliness.
   2. To act as spokesperson: spoke for the entire staff.
5. 1. To convey a message by nonverbal means: Actions speak louder than words.
   2. To be expressive: spoke with her eyes.
   3. To be appealing: His poetry speaks to one's heart.
6. To make a reservation or request. Often used with for: Is this dance spoken for? I spoke for the last slice of pizza.
7. 1. To produce a characteristic sound: The drums spoke.
   2. To give off a sound on firing. Used of guns or cannon.
8. To make communicative sounds.
9. To give an indication or a suggestion: His manners spoke of good upbringing.

v.tr.

1. To articulate in a speaking voice: spoke words of wisdom.
2. To converse in or be able to converse in (a language): speaks German.
3. 1. To express aloud; tell: speak the truth.
   2. To express in writing.
4. Nautical. To hail and communicate with (another vessel) at sea.
5. To convey by nonverbal means: His eyes spoke volumes.

phrasal verbs:
speak out

1. To talk freely and fearlessly, as about a public issue.

speak up

1. To speak loud enough to be audible.
2. To speak without fear or hesitation.

idioms:
so to speak

1. In a manner of speaking: can't see the forest for the trees, so to speak.

speak down to

1. To speak condescendingly to: She never spoke down to her audience.

to speak of

1. Worthy of mention: There's nothing new to speak of.

[Middle English speken, from Old English sprecan, specan.]

speakable speak'a·ble adj.

SYNONYMS speak, talk, converse, discourse. These verbs mean to express one's thoughts by uttering words. Speak and talk, often interchangeable, are the most general: He ate without once speaking to his companion. "On an occasion of this kind it becomes more than a moral duty to speak one's mind. It becomes a pleasure" (Oscar Wilde). I want to talk with you about vacation plans. "Let's talk sense to the American people" (Adlai E. Stevenson). Converse stresses interchange of thoughts and ideas: "With thee conversing I forget all time" (John Milton). Discourse usually refers to formal, extended speech: "striding through the city, stick in hand, discoursing spontaneously on the writings of Hazlitt" (Manchester Guardian Weekly).

WORD HISTORY Because English is a Germanic language, first-year German produces many moments of recognition for English speakers and several puzzles. For example, when we learn the verb sprechen, sprach, gesprochen, "to speak," and the noun Sprache, "speech, language," we wonder whether we lost the r or the Germans put one in. Sounds are more often lost than added in language change, and this is the case here. In Old English the verb was sprecan, the noun sprǣc, both with an r as in German (and in the other Germanic languages). The r-less forms began to appear in the south of England and became common in the 11th century; the forms with r disappeared completely by the middle of the 12th. A similar loss of r after a consonant and before a vowel occurred in the Middle English noun prang and its variant pronge, "severe pain, sharp pain." Pronge survives today as prong (of a pitchfork, for example). The plural of prang appears in a poem composed about 1400 as pangus, "sharp stabs of pain," and survives today as pang, "sharp, stabbing pain."

articulate

 

音節

ar • tic • u • late

レベル

大学入試程度

articulateの変化形

articulates (複数形) • articulated (過去形) • articulated (過去分詞) • articulating (現在分詞) • articulates (三人称単数現在)

[形] 〔rtíkjult〕

1 〈ことばが〉はっきり発音された, 分節的な

articulate speech
分節言語（▼動物の鳴き声などと違って音節に分けられた人間の言語）.

2 はっきりした, 明確な；理路整然とした

They are articulate about their cause.
彼らは自分たちの主義主張をはっきり述べる.

3 話すことができる, 口のきける.

4 〈思想などが〉他の部分と深く関連した；〈体系などが〉各部に分かれた.

5 《動物》関節のある.

━━[動] 〔rtíkjulèit〕 (他)

1 …をはっきり発音する；〈考えなどを〉ことばで表現する, 言い表す

articulate a word
語を明瞭に発音する

articulate objections
反対意見を唱える.

2 《音声学》〈音声器官を〉調音させる.

3 …を（…と）関節でつなぐ, 接合する；…を互いに関連づける((with, to ...))

an articulated bus
連結バス

bones that are articulated with others
関節で他の骨と接合している骨.

━━(自)

1 はっきり発音する.

2 《音声学》調音する.

3 《動物》関節を形成する.

4 …とうまくかみ合う((with ...)).

━━[名] 〔rtíkjult〕 体節動物（ムカデなど）.

［ラテン語articulātus（関節に分けられた）. △ARTICLE］

ar・tic・u・late・ly

[副]

ar・tic・u・late・ness, -lac・y

[名]

ar・tìc・u・la・bíl・i・ty