-by, byway, bylaw, bypass, byway, bypast

The Cancer Divide

Tackling a Racial Gap in Breast Cancer Survival

By TARA PARKER-POPE

Decades of awareness campaigns and advances in treatment have improved survival rates for women with breast cancer in the United States, but the majority of those gains have bypassed black women.

Amazon Signs Up Authors, Writing Publishers Out of Deal

By DAVID STREITFELD

Amazon.com, the online retailer, has long competed with bookstores; now it is starting to make deals with authors, bypassing the traditional publisher.

Obama Bypasses Senate Process, Filling 15 Posts
By SHERYL GAY STOLBERG
The move suggests a newly emboldened president who is unafraid to provoke a confrontation with the minority party, even as he insists he still hopes to work in a bipartisan way.


-byor bye-
pref.

1. By: bygone.
2. Secondary, incidental: byway.

bylaw
n.

1. A law or rule governing the internal affairs of an organization.
2. A secondary law.

[Middle English bilawe, body of local regulations, akin to Danish by-lag, township ordinance : Old Norse bȳr, settlement + Old Norse *lagu, law.]

WORD HISTORY A casual glance at the word bylaw might make one think that the element by- means "secondary, subsidiary," especially since bylaw can mean "a secondary law." It is possible that by-, as in byway, has influenced bylaw in the sense "secondary law"; however, bylaw existed long before the sense in question. The word is first recorded in 1283 with the meaning "a body of customs or regulations, as of a village, manor, religious organization, or sect." By- comes from Old Norse (as may the whole word bylaw) and is related to the element -by in the names of many places where Scandinavians settled when they invaded England during the early Middle Ages, such as Whitby. We get the sense of this -by if we compare the related Old Icelandic word variously spelled bær, bœr, bȳr, meaning "a town or village" in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark and "a farm or landed estate" in Iceland. We thus see why bylaw would mean "a body of customs of a village or manor" and why we use the word to mean "a law or rule governing the internal affairs of an organization."

bypass

Syllabification: (by·pass)

Pronunciation: /ˈbīˌpas/

Translate bypass | into French | into German | into Italian | into Spanish

noun

• a road passing around a town or its center to provide an alternative route for through traffic.
• a secondary channel, pipe, or connection to allow a flow when the main one is closed or blocked.
• a surgical operation in which an alternative channel is created, especially to improve blood flow to the heart when a coronary artery is blocked:he had a heart bypass in 2003
• the alternative channel created during a bypass operation.

verb

[with object]

• go past or around:bypass the farm and continue to the road
• provide (a town) with a route diverting traffic from its center:the town has been bypassed
• avoid or circumvent (an obstacle or problem):a manager might bypass formal channels of communication

bypast	(adjective) Well in the past; former.
Synonyms:	bygone, departed, foregone, gone
Usage:	Seeing that park brought back sweet memories of bypast summers spent playing baseball with the neighborhood boys.