Religion
German regional court outlaws child circumcisions
A court in Cologne has ruled that circumcising young children for religious
reasons causes grievous bodily harm and is illegal, even with parental
consent. Jewish and Muslim organizations have blasted the decision.
Banning circumcision 割包皮
Against the cut
The “intactivist” movement takes on the oldest surgery known to man
Male circumcision has often been, and remains, the subject of controversy on a number of grounds—including religious, ethical, sexual, and health.
The Ancient Greeks and Romans valued the foreskin and were opposed to circumcision – an opposition inherited by the canon and secular legal systems of the Christian West that lasted at least through to the Middle Ages, according to Hodges.[1] Traditional Judaism and Islam have advocated male circumcision as a religious obligation.
The ethics of circumcision are sometimes controversial. From the mid 19th century, there has been advocacy in Anglophone countries on medical grounds, such as the prevention of masturbation and "reflex neurosis".[2] Modern proponents, such as Morris, argue that circumcision reduces the risks of urinary tract infections, penile cancer, HIV, balanitis, posthitis, phimosis, and prostate cancer as well as conferring sexual benefits.[3] In contrast, opponents of infant circumcision often question its effectiveness in preventing disease,[4] and object to subjecting newborn boys, without their consent, to a procedure they consider to have questionable benefits, significant risks and a potentially negative impact on later sexual enjoyment.
此字可能1972年讀洪信佳醫師的專書知道的
neurosis[neu・ro・sis]
- レベル：社会人必須
- 発音記号[njuəróusis | njuər-]
z〕）《医学》神経症, ノイローゼ(psychoneurosis).
News Analysis
Where Have All the Neurotics Gone?
By BENEDICT CAREY
The restless,
grumbling, needy presence that once functioned in the collective mind as
an inner voice that hedged against excessive optimism is slipping into
the past.
neurotic[neu・rot・ic]
- レベル：社会人必須
- 発音記号[njuərɑ'tik | njuərɔ't-]
[形]神経症の.
━━[名]神経症（患）者.
neu・rot・i・cal・ly
[副]
take on
1. Undertake or begin to deal with, as in I took on new responsibilities, or She took on too much when she accepted both assignments. [Early 1300s] 2. Hire, engage, as in We take on extra workers during the busy season. [Early 1600s]
3. Oppose in competition, as in This young wrestler was willing to take on all comers. [Late 1800s]
4. Display strong emotion, as in Don't take on so. [Colloquial; early 1400s]
5. Acquire as, or as if, one's own, as in He took on the look of a prosperous banker. [Late 1700s]
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