Civilian Goals Largely Unmet in Afghanistan
By ELISABETH BUMILLER and MARK LANDLER
Obama administration officials say the U.S. is falling far short of the president’s goals to fight corruption, create a functioning government and train a police force.
Palestinians Press for War Crimes Inquiry on Gaza
By MARLISE SIMONS
Groups accuse Israel of violating the rules of war by singling out civilians and nonmilitary buildings, and by using weapons like white phosphorus illegally.
此前,只有哈瑪、荷姆斯、伊德利布這三個戰況較激烈的地區,陷入紅十字會所指的「非國際性武裝衝 突」(Non-international Armed Conflict),也就是外交用語上定義的「內戰」。國際紅十字會為戰爭和武裝暴力受害者提供人道保護和援助,是「日內瓦公約」的維護機構,紅十字會對 敘利亞情勢的評估變化,最大意義在於交戰各方將正式受到「日內瓦公約」約束,戰爭領袖將更容易遭到戰爭罪檢控。
日內瓦公約規範在衝突中如何 保護平民,或是因為受傷而失去戰鬥能力的人,以及在何種情況下可合法拘捕。根據日內瓦公約,交戰各方有權使用適當武力,但禁止對平民、醫務人員發動攻擊, 也禁止破壞包括水電供應等基礎設施。當前敘利亞爆發衝突的地點,都屬於非國際武裝衝突,因此適用於國際人道法。
civil war 內戰
civil[civ・il]
- レベル:最重要
- 発音記号[sívəl]
[形]
4 社会的秩序のある;文明化された.
6 情け深い, 好意的な.
8 ((時にC-))《法律》ローマ市民法の, 近代市民法の;((限定))私法の, 民事の(⇔criminal).
do the civil
((略式))丁重[丁寧]にする.to choose one person or thing from a group for special attention, especially criticism or praise:
It's not fair the way my sister is always singled out for special treatment.
civilian
n.
- A person following the pursuits of civil life, especially one who is not an active member of the military, the police, or a belligerent group.
- A person who does not belong to a particular group or engage in a particular activity.
- A specialist in Roman or civil law.
Of or relating to civilians or civil life; nonmilitary: civilian clothes; a civilian career.
[Middle English, civil law judge, from Old French civilien, from civil, civil, from Latin cīvīlis. See civil.]
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