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The remise is a renewal of an attack in fencing. It is performed when one fencer's attack has failed, either because their opponent has parried or they missed. If the attacker immediately continues their attack in the same line, they have executed a remise. The name also is applied to repetitions of other actions which did not initially succeed (remise of the riposte, for example, is a riposte that initially missed but hit in a continuation). The remise is at the bottom of actions in taking priority.
The remise is important in sabre because of two elements: first, that an attack is over when the front foot lands in the lunge. (In theory all attacks end in a lunge or flèche, and the fleche is forbidden in sabre.) Therefore, if the attacker's front foot lands before their blade hits their opponent, their action is automatically a remise. Also, because any contact between a blade and the opponent's target area will set off the scoring apparatus, many fencers whose attack has failed will keep their arm extended or make a quick second cut to attempt to catch their opponent's arm during their riposte.
In foil, the remise gained some prominence after changes to the electronic scoring apparatus in 2004. The blocking time after registering a hit was reduced from 0.75 seconds to 0.25 seconds, so a fast remise can 'time out' a slow riposte. The contact time required to score a hit was also been increased to 15 milliseconds to make flick hits less likely to register. It has been observed that, after these changes, some straight hits are not registered by the apparatus. Thus, a pair of foil fencers may, upon finding their touchés have not landed, remain in lunge position and repeatedly remise hoping to be the first one to score a touch.
The remise also has a place as a stop hit, in which a defender (or in this case unsuccessful attacker) hits their opponent one period of "fencing time" before their opponent's attack or riposte arrives. The judgement of "fencing time" is extremely subjective and up to the referee.
Ad Hominem
[Latin, To the person.] A term used in debate to denote an argument made personally against an opponent, instead of against the opponent's argument.
ad hom·i·nem (hŏm'ə-nĕm', -nəm)
adj.
Appealing to personal considerations rather than to logic or reason: Debaters should avoid ad hominem arguments that question their opponents' motives.
[Latin : ad, to + hominem, accusative of homō, man.]
USAGE NOTE As the principal meaning of the preposition ad suggests, the homo of ad hominem was originally the person to whom an argument was addressed, not its subject.
The phrase denoted an argument designed to appeal to the listener's emotions rather than to reason, as in the sentence The Republicans' evocation of pity for the small farmer struggling to maintain his property is a purely ad hominem⁰ argument for reducing inheritance taxes.
This usage appears to be waning; only 37 percent of the Usage Panel finds this sentence acceptable.
The phrase now chiefly describes an argument based on the failings of an adversary rather than on the merits of the case:
Ad hominem attacks on one's opponent are a tried-and-true strategy for people who have a case that is weak.
Ninety percent of the Panel finds this sentence acceptable.
opponent
（試合・討論などの）相手；〈…に対する〉敵対者，反対者〈of〉
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