How would you feel if a secret calculation was used to decide whether or not you ended up in prison? That’s what’s happening in the US – and some people are worried it’s resulting in racist treatment.
When Not to Trust the Algorithm - Harvard Business Review
https://hbr.org/ideacast/2016/10/when-not-to-trust-the-algorithm
Oct 6, 2016 - Cathy O'Neil, author of “Weapons of Math Destruction” on how data can lead us astray–from HR to Wall Street.
Data scientist and blogger Cathy O'Neil discusses her new book, Weapons of Math Destruction, examining the way algorithms and data science are making our society less fair and equal.
U.K. Hems In Cyprus Banks
Nervous
about exposure to Cyprus's ailing financial system, British regulators
have pushed the Mediterranean island's top two banks to restructure
their U.K. arms to allow for greater local oversight.
The president’s language constantly indicates self-belief. He rarely hesitates and hardly ever says “um” or “uh”
hem
- 発音
- hém
- hemの変化形
- hems (複数形) • hemmed (過去形) • hemmed (過去分詞) • hemming (現在分詞) • hems (三人称単数現在)
- hemの慣用句
- kiss the hem of a person's garment, （全1件）
[動]（〜med, 〜・ming）(他)
1 〈布・衣服の〉へり縫いをする, すそをかがる；((米))〈ズボン・スカートなどの〉すそ（丈）を上げる.
2 ((通例受身))〈人・物・場所を〉（取り）囲む, 閉じ込める((in, about, around, up))
━━[名]（布・衣服の）へり, すそ；（一般的に）へり, 縁.
kiss the hem of a person's garment
〈人に〉おもねる.hem and haw
hum and haw
「hum」を使った表現
- hesitate; be indecisive."I was humming and hawing over buying copies"
NOUN
- A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.‘a basic algorithm for division’→ algo
Origin
Late 17th century (denoting the Arabic or decimal notation of numbers): variant (influenced by Greek arithmos number) of Middle English algorism, via Old French from medieval Latin algorismus. The Arabic source, al-Ḵwārizmī the man of Ḵwārizm (now Khiva), was a name given to the 9th-century mathematician Abū Ja‘far Muhammad ibn Mūsa, author of widely translated works on algebra and arithmetic.
algorithm這個字，源自於九世紀阿拉伯/波斯的數學家穆罕默德•科瓦力茲彌的名字Mohammed al-Kow?rizm?，據說他首先訂出出十進位算術的逐步演算法則。他的名字在拉丁文中變成Algorismus，英文的algorithm就是由此衍生。
歷史上第一個重要的算法是西元前400到300年間希臘的大數學家歐幾里得發明的。人稱「歐幾里得算法 （Euclidean algorithm）」的方法，可以計算出兩個正整數間的最大公因數（gcd），也就是可以同時整除兩數的最大整數。例如：80 與32 的gcd是16。
最早出現 algorithmics這個字的地方應該是J. F. Traub的書Iterative Methods for the Solution of Equations (Prentice-Hall, 1964)。最先在書中建議把這個領域叫做algorithmics 的是D. E. Knuth: Algorithmic Thinking and Mathematical Thinking, American Math. Monthly 92(1985), 170 - 181，而本書作者率先使用在書名上Algorithmics: The Spirit of Computing (Addison-Wesley, 1987)。《電腦也搞不定:從數學看計算機科學的罩門》第一章注釋
Robert William Fogel (born July 1, 1926) is an American economic historian and scientist, and winner (with Douglass North) of the 1993 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He is best known as a leading advocate of cliometrics, a name for the use of quantitative methods in history.
cliometrics
n. (used with a sing. verb)
The study of history using economic models and advanced mathematical methods of data processing and analysis.
cliometric cli'o·met'ric adj.
cliometrician cli'o·me·tri'cian (-mĭ-trĭsh'ən) n.数量経済史（すうりょうけいざいし、クリオメトリックス）とは、歴史学の一つである経済史の分野と、計量経済学の学際分野である。ダグラス・ノースらによって形成された。計量経済史とも訳される。経済史で取り扱う事象に、ミクロ経済学、マクロ経済学のモデルを適用させ、文献などの資料から経済統計を算出し、計量経済学の手法で、分析対象の経済活動に対して推定を試みる学問のことである。英語では、"cliometrics"である。
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