2022年10月18日 星期二

hipsters, promiscuity, onset, prowess, 'doobly' and 'embuggerance', student slangs, overreaching

"I wanted a coffee. Not a science experiment."


'Damien Hirst and David LaChappelle artworks adorn the raw concrete walls. Flair bartenders serve up gem-coloured cocktails. A rotation of Michelin-starred chefs flown in from around the world curate new menus each week.
This is Door 19, a pop-up restaurant in a penthouse apartment in Moscow that this year played host to the city’s oligarchs and hipsters alike'
Following the wildly popular transformation of Gorky Park from rusting funfair to Wi-Fi heaven, Muscovites finally felt as if their city was becoming liveable. But with more gentrifying projects on the cards, is it just a way to...
THEGUARDIAN.COM|由 MARYAM OMIDI 上傳

A manifesto against the Starbucksification of coffee.via Guardian USComment is free
Will you pay enough to support specialty coffee while it stays sustainable?
THEGUARDIAN.COM|由 CHÉRMELLE EDWARDS 上傳

According to a new study, three-quarters of regular travellers belong to more than one airline loyalty programme. In competitive markets promiscuity invariably becomes the norm. As the head of Virgin America, David Cush, points out: "Even though I run an airline, I still travel on other airlines. In my travel folder on my iPhone, I've got the Delta, American, United, JetBlue and Southwest








Innovation Prowess: A Leadership Strategy to Accelerate Growth


 

Dictionary of everyday words defines 'doobly' and 'embuggerance'

A new dictionary explaining the difference between a "doobly", a pair of "yupes" or an everyday "embuggerance" is being compiled by experts.

Thousands of words which are already in everyday use but have never found their way into the dictionary are being collected for a new guide to the more colourful side of the English language.
The English Project, a £25 million language study, is collecting examples of what experts call "kitchen table lingo" - words and phrases in common use within groups such as families, schools or circles of friends.
To qualify the words must not have made it into a dictionary before but have to have been in use by three or more people for at least a month.
Organisers say they have already received more than 700 entries since launching their search last week.
Favourites so far include "yupes" - said to be a term in use at Sandhurst military academy - meaning underpants.
Perhaps the most commonly used term submitted is "embuggerance", euphemistically employed by the author Terry Pratchett to describe his feelings about the onset of Alzheimer's disease.
According to research so far, the term is thought to have been coined by a Ministry of Defence official during the Falklands War to describe his frustrations.
More baffling to the uninitiated, a "doobly" is a word for a television remote controller - one of several submitted by families, suggesting that the fate of that missing remote is one of the major talking points of modern family life.
Other words for the device collected so far include a "podger", the rhyming term "melly", a "boggler" and the more common "zapper".
The words collected will be published online and in books.
Money problems ’signal dementia’ 財務技能問題預示失智
◎鄭寺音
Declining financial skills are detectable in patients in the year before they develop Alzheimer’s, according to US researchers.
根據美國研究人員指出,阿茲海默症病患發病前幾年,會發現財務技能下滑。
Previous studies have shown that problems with daily activities often precede the onset of Alzheimer’s. The research from the University of Alabama in Birmingham is published in the journal, Neurology. The researchers studied 87 people with mild cognitive impairment(MCI), 25 of whom developed Alzheimer-type dementia during the study period, and 62 who did not.
過去的研究顯示,阿茲海默症發病前,常會出現日常活動問題。這份來自伯明翰的阿拉巴馬大學的研究刊登在神經學期刊,研究人員以87名輕度認知能力受損(MCI)的人為對象,其中25人在研究期間罹患阿茲海默症類型的失智症,62名未出現失智症狀。
They compared them with 76 healthy people with no memory problems. They used a tool called the Financial Capacity Instrument(FCI)to measure their skills over a period of a year.
他們將這些患者與76名沒有記憶問題的健康人相比,他們使用一種稱為財務能力方法的工具(FCI),在一年期間內評量他們的技巧。
Tested at the start of the study and then a year later, the overall FCI scores for the 25 patients who progressed to Alzheimer’s disease, showed a 6% decline. Their skills in managing a cheque book dropped by 9%. The control group and the 62 people with MCI who did not progress to Alzheimer’s maintained the level of their FCI scores throughout the year.
在研究之初與一年之後測試,25名後來罹患阿茲海默症的病患,FCI整體分數下滑6%,處理支票簿的能力降低9%。對照組與62名未發展成阿茲海默症的輕度認知能力受損病患,FCI分數一整年內都維持水準。
新聞辭典
detectable:形容詞,可發覺的。例句:There has been no detectable change in the patient’s condition.(病患的狀況看不出有任何改變。)
precede:動詞,前導,在……之前。例句:It would be helpful if you were to precede the report with an introduction.(如果你的報告開頭能有個引言,會很有幫助。)


An Onset of Woes Raises Questions on Obama Vision

By PETER BAKER

The Obama administration controversies of recent days have reinforced fears of an overreaching government and called into question Mr. Obama's ability to master his own presidency.

Definition of overreach
verb
  • 1 [no object] reach out too far:never lean sideways from a ladder or overreach
  • (overreach oneself) try to do more than is possible:the Church overreached itself in securing a territory that would prove impossible to hold
  • (of a horse or dog) bring the hind feet so far forward that they fall alongside or strike the forefeet: the horse overreached jumping the first hurdle
  • 2 [with object] get the better of by cunning; outwit:Faustus’s lunacy in thinking he can overreach the devil

Derivatives

overreacher

noun
onset:名詞,開始。例句:The new treatment can delay the onset of the disease by several years.(這種新療法可將疾病的發病延緩數年。)
n.
  1. An onslaught; an assault.
  2. A beginning; a start: the onset of a cold.
  3. Linguistics. The part of a syllable that precedes the nucleus. In the word nucleus (nūPRIMARY_STRESSklē-əs), the onset of the first syllable is (n), the onset of the second syllable is (kl), and the last syllable has no onset.

noun

  • the beginning of something, especially something unpleasant:the onset of winter [as modifier, in combination]:early-onset Alzheimer’s disease
  • archaic a military attack.

Student slang is a rapidly changing lingo. In the interests of preserving your cool if you are in conversation with a campus creature from the UK, here’s a glossary of well-worn faves across campuses in the UK. 
Bare 
Not actually anything to do with what you are thinking, bare is an adjective meaning “a lot of”, or “obviously”.
“I can’t come to your party, I’ve got bare work to do.”
“He bare fancies that girl he’s talking to. I really hope he doesn’t start telling her about his birthmark in the shape of Italy.”
Used by: Hipsters, at first; slowly but surely filtering down through the student ranks. 

An acronym standing for “big name on campus”. A Bnoc (pronounced bee-knock) is a self-proclaimed campus celebrity - often the chair of a society or involved in student politics. The term is often used to mock the subject for their delusions of grandeur, rather than as a compliment.
“Sam thinks he’s such a Bnoc, but really he’s just deputy treasurer of the cheese appreciation society.”
Used by: The weary friends of CV-obsessives who live in the student’s union. 
Chundergrad 
Chundergrad is a general term for anyone studying a bachelor’s degree. It is thought to derive from the partying tendencies of those studying for their first degree.
“Having a job is seriously going to affect my partying quota. I had better make the most of my years as a chundergrad.”
Used by: Final-year students
Dench 
A generic term meaning that something is good. Dench was invented by rapper Lethal Bizzle, and has since become the name of a clothing range which he launched with Arsenal midfielder Emmanuel Frimpong.  It is unknown whether the word was inspired by British actress Dame Judi Dench, but the two have become inextricably intertwined.
“I just found a pound coin on the floor, what a dench trip to Tesco this turned out to be.”
Used by: Those in the know, slangoisseurs, if you will.
(Submitted by @sashwatson on twitter) 
Hench 
Hench is a term denoting a large and muscle-bound individual. More recently, it has been used to describe anything of voluminous size.
“Let’s go to Perfect Fried Chicken, their portions of chips are hench.”
Used by: Lads. To describe themselves. 
Jel 
A contraction of “jealous”, first popularised by the cast of The Only Way is Essex but now common in student circles. If the situation calls for it, a student may even pronounce themselves “well jel”.
“You’ve finished your dissertation? Jel.”
Used by: Closet TOWIE fans 
Lad 
A noun used to describe a student alpha male. Connotations of being deemed a “lad” include, but are not limited to: promiscuity, sporting prowess, a fondness for protein shakes, love of practical jokes and a general arrogance in most aspects of life. Often used ironically, the term may be compounded to describe someone who has had particular luck or success in a certain field, as in example two below.
“What a lad.”
“He got a first? Geography lad.”
Used by: It’s a universally recognised phenomenon.
Libes 
Affectionate term for the library.
“Meet me in the libes, I’m on the second floor.”
Used by: Frantic essay writers who need to conserve all of their formal language ability for their work. 
Sick  
Having replaced the conventional meaning of sick with chunder, students found themselves with a leftover word which they weren’t quite sure how to use. That is until one bright spark decided to do something “crazy” and invert it completely: sick now means good or impressive. “The Worcestershire sauce on these beans on toast is sick.”
Used by: Middle-class rap fans. 
Thora 
Cockney rhyming slang for a third-class honours degree, in honour of the actress Thora Hird. An alternate form of this is a “Douglas”, after the former Tory minister Douglas Hurd. “I really need to spend less time googling or I’m going to get a Thora.”
Used by: Those who want to bring a bit of vintage kitsch to the third class. 
Rah 
A derogatory term for a student who displays a set of physical characteristics and attitudes specific to the upper middle class. The stereotypical rah hails from the home counties and sports a hairstyle which is deliberately unkempt. A received pronunciation accent is essential, along with a repertoire of tales from their gap year.
“Fiona is such a rah, I heard she asked her boyfriend to change his name to Jack Wills.”
Used by: Those who are unappreciative of the rah’s unique sense of style. 
Vac 
Not the vacuum cleaner your mum had in the 90s, but a contraction of “vacation” which can refer to any university holiday period. Usage is prevalent among students at Oxford, who also refer to their faculty as the “fac” and a tutorial as a “tut”.
“I’ve got a tut, but I’m hoping to leave the fac building early to go home for the vac.”
Used by: Oxbridge students and the extremely time-poor.


Japan Now Neck-and-Neck With France in Culinary Prowess
Wall Street Journal (blog)
Japan's capital was awarded more stars than any other city by the tire company's newly released restaurant guide, which includes outlying cities Yokohama ...




 Definition of prowess
noun
  • 1skill or expertise in a particular activity or field:his prowess as a fisherman
  • 2bravery in battle.

Origin:

Middle English (sense 2): from Old French proesce, from prou 'valiant'. Sense 1 dates from the early 20th century

prowess[prow・ess]


  • 発音記号[práuis]
[名][U]((文))
1 (戦場での)勇気, 力量;[C]勇敢[大胆]な行為.
2 (…の)すぐれた能力[腕前]((as, at, in ...))
his prowess as an athlete
彼のスポーツ選手としてのすぐれた能力.
prow・essed
[形]

 

promiscuous

Pronunciation: /prəˈmɪskjʊəs/
Translate promiscuous | into French | into German | into Italian | into Spanish


adjective

  • 1having or characterized by many transient sexual relationships:she’s a wild, promiscuous, good-time girl promiscuous behaviour
  • 2demonstrating or implying an unselective approach; indiscriminate or casual:the city fathers were promiscuous with their honours
  • consisting of a wide range of different things:Americans are free to choose from a promiscuous array of values



Derivatives

promiscuously
adverb

promiscuousness
noun

Origin:

early 17th century: from Latin promiscuus 'indiscriminate', (based on miscere 'to mix') + -ous. The early sense was 'consisting of elements mixed together', giving rise to 'indiscriminate' and 'undiscriminating', whence the notion of 'casual'

promiscuity

Pronunciation: /prɒmɪˈskjuːɪti/
Translate promiscuity | into French | into German | into Italian | into Spanish

noun

[mass noun]
the fact or state of being promiscuous; immorality:some fear this will lead to greater sexual promiscuity amongst teens




hipster1

Line breaks: hip|ster
Pronunciation: /hɪpstə/



NOUN

INFORMAL
A person who follows the latest trends and fashions, especially those regarded as being outside the cultural mainstream.

Origin

1940s (used originally as an equivalent term to hepcat): from hip3 -ster.
Derivatives
hipsterish
ADJECTIVE


hipsterism

NOUN

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