'Research
has revealed people who fail to get a full night's sleep score
significantly lower on tests of logic and vocabulary. They have slower
reaction times, and experience blackouts known as "micro-sleeps". At the
wheel of a car, this can be dangerous: in the US, fatigue is believed
to cause more than 1,500 deaths on the roads every year'
On any given night, many of us are desperate for sleep, unable to switch off. Richard Wiseman looks at some solutions
The Guardian
Lloyds CEO Suffered From Bout of Insomnia
António Horta-Osório had five consecutive nights without sleep and spent weeks at the Priory, a U.K. clinic known for treating celebrities for exhaustion, stress and other issues.
Many advocate a nightcap, but Dr Irshaad Ebrahim and his team advise against it. Used too often, it can cause insomnia.
許多人提倡睡前喝一杯酒，但是伊爾夏德．易卜拉辛博士和他的研究團隊建議不要這麼做。若太常借助酒精，有可能造成失眠症。
Op-Ed Columnist
Winning the News Cycle, Losing the Race
By ROSS DOUTHAT
The Obama White House has worked to change the subject to social issues. But in a pocketbook election, it helps to focus on pocketbook anxieties.
《中英對照讀新聞》Stress makes for more sleepless in Taiwan-study 研究：壓力致使台灣失眠人數增加
More than one in five people in Taiwan suffers from insomnia likely caused by stress due to the economic woes, a figure higher than the global average, researchers said on Wednesday.
逾1/5的台灣人有失眠困擾，這可能肇因於經濟衰退的壓力。這個數字高過全世界的平均值，研究人員週三表示。
The survey of 4,005 people found that 21.8 percent of the population has chronic trouble falling asleep or staying asleep, said Lee Hsin-chien, psychiatry chairman at government-run Shuang-Ho Hospital in Taipei.
這項對4,005人進行的調查發現，21.8%的人口有慢性入睡困難或難以保持睡眠狀態的問題，台北的署立雙和醫院精神科主任李信謙說。
Overseas, averages of 10 to 15 percent of the population reports insomnia, he said, while Taiwan’s rate was about 10 percent in 2000.
他說，在國外，平均10-15%的人有失眠問題，而台灣2000年失眠人口的比例約為10%。
Stress due to recession on the export-reliant island earlier this year might have contributed to the increase, Lee said.
這個仰賴出口之島今年稍早經濟衰退造成的壓力，可能與失眠人數上升有關，李表示。
Diabetes, hypertension, anxiety and depression may also be driving insomnia as health generally declines in the face of an increasingly Western lifestyle, he added.
隨著生活方式日益西化，人們整體健康狀況下滑，糖尿病、高血壓、焦慮、抑鬱等都可能導致失眠症狀，他補充說。
《新聞辭典》
make for：意 指造成、有助於；例句：The large print makes for easier reading. （大型字體有利閱讀。）此片語亦可當作移向、衝向解釋，且通常用在速度很快且已有目標的情況；例句：It started raining, so she made for the nearest shelter. （開始下雨了，所以她衝向最近的躲雨地方。）
insomnia：醫學名詞，失眠症。例句：I suffer from insomnia and have to rely on sleeping pills.（我患有失眠，要吃安眠藥。）
woe：名詞，困難；災難；不幸。例句：She told him all her woes.（她向他傾訴全部苦惱。）
lifestyle
also life-style or life style (līf'stīl')
n.
A way of life or style of living that reflects the attitudes and values of a person or group: "It was a millionaire's lifestyle on the pocketbook of a hairdresser" (People).
USAGE NOTE When lifestyle
became popular a generation ago, a number of critics objected to it as
voguish and superficial, perhaps because it appeared to elevate habits
of consumption, dress, and recreation to categories in a system of
social classification. Nonetheless, the word has proved durable and
useful, if only because such categories do in fact figure importantly in
the schemes that Americans commonly invoke when explaining social
values and behavior, as in Rachel Brownstein's remark that "an anticonventional lifestyle is no sure sign of feminist politics, or indeed, of any politics at all." Fifty-three percent of the Usage Panel accepts the word in Bohemian attitudes toward conventional society have been outstripped and outdated by the lifestyles of millions of young people. An even greater number-fully 70 percent-accepts the word in Salaries in the Bay Area may be higher, but it may cost employees as much as 30 percent more to maintain their lifestyles, where the context requires a term that implies categorization based on habits of consumption.
pocketbook
(pŏk'ĭt-bʊk')
n.
pocketbook
(pŏk'ĭt-bʊk')
n.
- A purse; a handbag.
- A pocket-sized folder or case used to hold money and papers; a billfold.
- Financial resources; money supply: prices to fit your pocketbook.
- often pocket book A pocket-sized, usually paperbound book. Also called pocket edition.
***
醫生和失眠者雙方都相信失眠是患者的過失：咖啡因過量、壓力太大、就寢時間不正常、缺少運動。失眠者最常聽到的忠告是要睡在「黑暗安靜的房間」或「床墊一定要舒適」，格林大嘆吃不消：「難道我都沒試過嗎？」
格林引述據科學實證，主張失眠其實有生理因素，腦神經無法關閉心智的「內在發聲」，讓患者難入眠。失眠的後果顯而易見，會扼殺創造力、降低血液中修復細胞的荷爾蒙濃度，更會直接造成體重增加、記憶力衰退、高血壓及糖尿病。
無獨有偶，紐西蘭奧克蘭大學教師布蕾納（Eluned Summers-Bremner）日前也出版《失眠文化史》（Insomnia: A Cultural History），鋪陳兩千五百年來西方哲學、藝術、文化的失眠紀事。
女性研究學者格蕾‧格林（Gayle Greene）別開生面相中失眠話題，寫成新書《夜，睡不著》（Insomniac），內容豐富有趣，書評家直誇：「值得不睡覺熬夜讀完。」
in·som·ni·a (ĭn-sŏm'nē-ə)
; n.
Chronic inability to fall asleep or remain asleep for an adequate length of time.
師大路Insomnia睡不著咖啡館
insomniac
(ĭn-sŏm'nē-ăk')n.One who suffers from insomnia.
adj.
Having or causing insomnia.
nightcap
- 音節
- níght • càp
- nightcapの変化形
- nightcaps (複数形)
[名]
1 寝帽, ナイトキャップ.
2 《スポーツ》((略式))当日最後の試合；野球のダブルヘッダーの第2試合；競馬の当日最終レース.
3 ((略式))就寝前に飲む飲み物［アルコール］；（にぎやかに過ごした夜の）仕上げの一杯.
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