macular degeneration, infuriate, ophthalmologist,ophthalmoscope

There he used the newly invented ophthalmoscope (invented by Hermann von Helmholtz) to later operate on his own mother's eye.

Greece Blinks on Euro Threat

Greece's leaders worked to restore political stability in the country and preserve its euro membership, killing a plan for a referendum on Greece's latest bailout that has roiled global markets and infuriated European leaders.

Last month, the administration announced a $6 billion arms sales package to Taiwan, infuriating Chinese officials.

The government is preparing legislation to allow companies hit by the global economic crisis to apply for public funds, but any capital injection could infuriate other chipmakers and crush prospects of a recovery in chip prices this year.



Genentech had infuriated many eye doctors in October when it announced a change in the distribution of Avastin that would have made it difficult for eye doctors to use the drug. The doctors had accused the company of trying to force them to use a much more expensive drug, Lucentis.
Lucentis is approved to treat macular degeneration, a leading cause of blindness among the elderly, but it costs about $2,000 for each injection, and is needed as often as once a month.

 ophthalmologist
 [名]眼科医.

ophthalmology

Line breaks: oph¦thal|mol¦ogy

Pronunciation: /ˌɒfθalˈmɒlədʒi

 

, ˌɒpθalˈmɒlədʒi/

noun

[mass noun] The branch of medicine concerned with the study and treatment of disorders and diseases of the eye.

ophthalmoscope

音節

oph • thal • mo • scope

発音

ɑfθǽlməskòup | ɔf-

[名]検眼鏡.

oph・thàl・mo・scópic

[形]

òph・thal・mós・co・py

[名][U][C]検眼鏡による検査（法），検眼.

Ophthalmoscopy
Intervention
Ophthalmoscopic exam: the medical provider would next move in and observe with the ophthalmoscope from a distance of one to several cm.

Macula 斑點

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This article is about the macula of the human eye. For other uses of the term macula, see: Macula (disambiguation)

Macula
Human eye cross-sectional view.
Latin	macula lutea
Gray's	subject #225 1015
MeSH	Macula+Lutea
Dorlands/Elsevier	m_01/12509252

The macula or macula lutea (from Latin macula, "spot" + lutea, "yellow") is an oval yellow spot near the center of the retina of the human eye. It has a diameter of about 1.5 mm and is often histologically defined as having two or more layers of ganglion cells. Near its center is the fovea, a small pit that contains the largest concentration of cone cells in the eye and is responsible for central vision.
It is specialized for high acuity vision. Within the macula are the fovea and foveola which contain a high density of cones (photoreceptors with high acuity).

[edit] Clinical significance

Whereas loss of peripheral vision may go unnoticed for some time, damage to the macula will result in loss of central vision, which is usually immediately obvious. The progressive destruction of the macula is a disease known as macular degeneration and leads to the creation of a macular hole. Macular holes can rarely be caused by trauma, but if a severe blow is delivered perfectly it can burst the blood vessels going to the macula, destroying it.
Visual input to the macula occupies a substantial portion of the brain's visual capacity. As a result, some forms of visual field loss can occur without involving the macula; this is termed macular sparing. (For example, visual field testing might demonstrate homonymous hemianopsia with macular sparing.) This finding can be very informative for the ophthalmologist.


雷夫·佛漢·威廉斯，OM（英文：Ralph Vaughan Williams，1872年10月12日－1958年8月26日）是英國交響曲、室內樂、歌劇、合唱音樂和電影配樂作曲家。他亦是英國民歌的收集家。

雷夫（英語作Rayf^[1]）於是被稱作尊貴而聰明的中上階級，但他沒有視以為自然，仍努力不懈為其相信的民主和自由觀念奮鬥。^[2]
^ Vaughan Williams, Ursula.（1964）R.V.W. A Biography of Ralph Vaughan Williams, 牛津大學出版社，前言Notes on Names指Ralph之名音作Rayf，其他讀音對他是一種羞辱。


^ Vaughan Williams, Ursula. (1964) R.V.W. A Biography of Ralph Vaughan Williams, Oxford University Press. The preface, Notes on Names, says "Ralph's name was pronounced Rayf, any other pronunciation used to infuriate him."

infuriate
━━ vt. 激怒させる.
in・fu・ri・at・ed　━━ a. 激怒した.
in・fu・ri・at・ing　━━ a. 憤慨させる, 頭に来るほどの.
in・fu・ri・at・ing・ly　ad.

infuriate 
verb [T]
to make someone extremely angry:
His sexist attitude infuriates me.

infuriating 
adjective
It's infuriating when people keep spelling your name wrong, isn't it?