performance-enhancing drug

On the Cover of Sunday's Book Review

'Willie Mays'

By JAMES S. HIRSCH
Reviewed by PETE HAMILL

This account of Willie Mays's career concentrates on the baseball brilliance, reminding us of when the only performance-enhancing drug was joy.

two-speed path

Asia Leads the Global End to Cheap Money
By BETTINA WASSENER
Stricter lending policies from China to Australia have been in effect for months, underscoring the two-speed path of the global recovery.

same-sex , homosexuality , gay

homosexuality

━━ n. 同性愛 ((男女ともに用いる)).
⇒homosexual

Same-Sex Couple Stir Fears of a ‘Gay Agenda’

By BARRY BEARAK

BLANTYRE, Malawi — A same-sex couple has been arrested in Malawi, where homosexuality carries a sentence of 5 to 14 years.

governance, corporate governance, misgovernance

• Toyota: Accelerating into trouble

  The company’s problems sharply illustrate the failings of Japanese corporate governance

Misgovernance at the World Bank

http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6151.html
Board members may be inclined to advance their own interests at voting time. This appears true for the World Bank's Board of Executive Directors, too. The problem? Many countries are being shut out of development funding. New research by Harvard Law School student Ashwin Kaja and HBS professor Eric Werker tells why misgovernance at the World Bank should be corrected. Q&A with Eric Werker. Plus: Working paper PDF.

The biggest question raised by the crisis is how to resolve this contradiction. The current mismatch of globalised finance and national governance is unsustainable. Either governance becomes more globalised or finance less globalised.


Given its somewhat questionable governance of Anheuser-Busch, the Busch family should try to reach a friendly deal -- with Inbev or another suitor -- as quickly as possible, Andrew Ross Sorkin argues in his latest DealBook column.

Go to Article from The New York Times»

governance

(gŭv'ər-nəns)
━━ n. 支配, 統治.公司治理
n.

1. The act, process, or power of governing; government: “Regaining a sense of the state is thus an absolute priority, not only for an effective policy against . . . terrorism, but also for governance itself” (Moorhead Kennedy).
2. The state of being governed.

Wikipedia article "Governance"


企業治理
這是近約10年對於corporate governance 的翻譯，它原指所有企業利害關係人的關係：The relationship between all the stakeholders in a company. This includes the shareholders, directors, and management of a company, as defined by the corporate charter, bylaws, formal policy and rule of law.。

企業治理通常由董事會等的高階管理者負責。它牽涉到如何真正為股東等的好處着想而避免利益衝突等。

(以前談的「管理」是清朝小官階。「治理」談的是「統治管理。如：治理政務」或「治理河水」等.....)



“If we had to do it all over again, we would,” said Gene Fox, managing director of Cardinal Capital Management, a shareholder who has been suing Mr. Black and other directors for their poor governance. “It’s a matter of principle.”

--For Conrad Black, a Downfall Shaped by Many Battles
By RICHARD SIKLOS
Conrad Black’s rise and fall was marked by charm, indignation and opportunism.

to a T, . to a turn.

to a T,
Also, to a turn. Perfectly, exactly right, as in The description fitted him to a T, or The roast was done to a turn. The first expression, dating from the late 1600s, may allude to the T-square, used for accurate drawing, but some think it refers to crossing one's T's. The variant alludes to meat being turned on a spit until it is cooked to the proper degree. The variant was first recorded in 1780.

Done to a turn

Meaning

Cooked just right.

Origin

Since at least the end of the first Millennium, food, especially meat, has been cooked on spits. The English abbot and scholar, Aelfric of Eynsham, referred to them as 'spitu' in Latin Grammar and Glossary, circa 1000.

Spits were originally simple pointed sticks, which were used to hold meat near to a fire. Rotating spits were developed in the Middle Ages; initially turned by hand and later by various forms of powered mechanism.

The allusion in the phrase 'done to a turn', or 'roasted to a turn', is to food that had been cooked for the precisely correct number of turns of the spit. Both versions of the phrase date back to the 18th century and the 'roasted' form is first cited in a piece by an author called Mackenzie in Mirror No. 93, 1780:

"The beef was roasted to a turn."

snore, differentiate, urine, apnoea

《中英對照讀新聞》Urine test for dangerous snoring 驗尿可測危險的打鼾

◎國際新聞中心

A urine test that can differentiate between dangerous and safe snoring is possible, say researchers at the University of Chicago.

芝加哥大學研究人員表示，有可能研發出可分辨打鼾危不危險的驗尿方法。

They looked at 90 children referred to a clinic to be evaluated for breathing problems in sleep, and 30 controls. A number of proteins were increased in the urine of the children diagnosed with dangerous snoring.

他們觀察90名到診所診斷睡眠呼吸問題的孩童，以及30名對照組。被診斷出有危險打鼾的孩童，尿液中蛋白質量比較多。

The research is published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

這份研究刊登在呼吸暨重症照護期刊。

The children all had standard overnight tests and some were classified as having obstructive sleep apnoea （OSA）. OSA can lead to mental, behavioural, cardiovascular and metabolic problems in children. It is estimated that up to 3% of all children up to the age of nine may suffer from it.

這些孩童都接受標準的隔夜檢測，部分被歸類為阻塞性睡眠窒息症（OSA）。OSA可能導致孩童心理、行為、心血管與代謝問題，9歲以下孩童，約3%可能有這種疾病。

The researchers collected the children’s first sample of urine on the morning after the sleep study. They used a process with fluorescent dyes to separate and characterise the proteins in the urine and found three proteins at higher concentrations in the urine of children with OSA：urocortin 3, orosomucoid and uromodulin.

研究人員在睡眠研究後，蒐集孩童早上第一泡尿的樣本，他們使用螢光染劑，分別與標誌出尿液中的蛋白質，並發現有OSA的孩童，尿液中urocortin 3、血清類黏蛋白與尿調理素這3種蛋白質的濃度較高。

新聞辭典

snore：動詞，打鼾。例句：Sometimes my husband snores so loudly, it keeps me awake at night.（我老公有時候打鼾很大聲，讓我晚上都睡不著。）

differentiate：動詞，區隔、分別。例句：We do not differentiate between our workers on the basis of their background or ethnic origin.

（我們不因為背景或種族區隔員工。）

control：名詞，對照組。