2017年3月30日 星期四

peer review, rendering, in-depth findings, out of one's depth, sound out, in a hole


Far from taking Washington by storm, America’s CEO is out of his depth. Our editorial this week


The Trump presidency is in a hole
And that is bad for America—and the world
ECONOMIST.COM






Adrian Mann
Life Out There


Emerige
Paris Project Shows Ambitions in Suburbs
By PETER SIGAL


The 154-acre Clichy Batignolles, named for the adjoining neighborhoods in northwest Paris, will include offices, housing, a park and a court complex. Above, a rendering.

Boldly Dreaming of a Voyage to the Stars
By DENNIS OVERBYE


Darpa, the government agency that helped invent the Internet, is studying what it would take to send humans to another star. Above, a rendering of a spacecraft.


法新社倫敦1日電,位於倫敦的英國皇家學會(Royal Society)建立至今已有350年歷史,奠定了現代科學基石,例如倡導以實驗證明事實、建立「同儕評鑑」(peer review)原則,乃至強調客觀的學會座右銘「勿信傳言」,都是至今現代科學遵循的研究準則。 ..



Energy | 29.11.2011
Smartphones could have better energy efficiency, Finnish researchers say







The researchers hope mobile phone users in the developing world will benefit most

Aalto University researchers claim they've quadrupled the energy efficiency of smartphones. This could improve mobile Internet access in developing countries.


A Finnish research team says it's slashed smart phone energy use by more than 70 percent - a finding that may help people in developing countries get better Internet access.

Smartphones - mobile phones that can run applications and use the Web easily - are on the rise worldwide. Recent industry analysis from Gartner shows that 115 million smartphones were sold worldwide in the third quarter of 2011 alone.

The key behind these new energy savings is a network proxy, which better organizes the flow of data between a mobile phone and the network, explained Jukka Manner, the lead scientist for the study at Aalto University, outside of Helsinki.

The team hopes to use a combination of new software on the phone and network proxy hardware to use the phone's cellular radio in a much more energy-efficient manner.

The team presented initial findings at the Africomm Conference in Tanzania last week. Manner told Deutsche Welle that the research has been peer-reviewed, and that in-depth findings would be published early next year.

Internet for developing countries

The researchers looked at use cases in Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya, hoping to develop solutions for times when access to electricity was difficult.

Aalto University researchers want to add another layer to existing mobile infrastructure"In Finland, it's annoying when you're to not be able to charge your phone. But in many places around the world, it's not just annoying, but impossible," Manner said.

Only about 11 percent of Africa's population has Internet access. Yet more than half of the people on the continent have mobile phones.

And according to the Finnish team's research, 90 percent Africans live in areas with mobile phone coverage.

Manner emphasized that though the team looked at cases in Africa, "the technology is not tied to any network or country," and can theoretically be implemented anywhere.

Proxy solution

A proxy is a device that gathers data requests from the phone, then sends them on to the network. Communication goes the other way as well, with the proxy receiving "answers" from the Internet to pass along to the mobile phone.

115 million smartphones were sold worldwide in the third quarter of 2011The we content proxy involves a "client application that talks to a dedicated server," Manner said, which organizes the flow of data.

Manner said the Web browser Opera works in a similar fashion.

The device can increase efficiency by, for example, sending bursts of data packets at one time rather than continuously. This results in more "sleep" time for the cell phone, saving battery use.

"It seems a fairly complex and sophisticated piece of technology they've developed," said Steve Furber, a professor at the School of Computer Science at the University of Manchester, in an interview with Deutsche Welle. Furber is also one of the designers behind the energy efficient ARM microprocessor, which is in use in many smartphones, including the iPhone.

Combined efficiency

The Aalto University researchers say they managed to cut power use from smart phones by up to 74 percent.

Although the proxy accounted for the bulk of saved energy, the researchers also utilized websites optimized for mobile phones, Web compression and better data caching to increase efficiency.

Manner noted that they didn't lower the data quality or use any sort of compression.

"We can probably go over 80 percent savings," Manner said.

Author: Sonya Angelica Diehn

Editor: Cyrus Farivar



TOKYO (Reuters) - Orix Corp , Japan's largest leasing company, and consumer credit firm Credit Saison are in merger talks, financial sources close to the matter said on Tuesday, seeking a deal to form a $106 billion finance group.

Orix has sounded out Mizuho Financial Group , Credit Saison's top shareholder, about selling its stake to allow the merger to happen, the sources told Reuters.




sound out


Seek the views or intentions of, as in We'd better sound out Mom about who's using the station wagon, or Let's sound out the staff before we decide which week we should close for vacation.

This expression derives from sound meaning "to measure the depth of water by lowering a line or lead." It was transferred to other kinds of inquiry in the late 1500s, but out was not added for several centuries.





peer review system

n

A professionally sponsored and operated system for the rendering of professional judgment on disagreements between or among dentists, patients, or fiscal intermediaries, respecting quality of care and related matters.




rendering
[réndəriŋ]

(rĕn'dər-ĭng) 

n.
A depiction or interpretation, as in painting or music.
A drawing in perspective of a proposed structure.
A translation: a rendering of Cicero's treatises into English.
A coat of plaster or cement applied to a masonry surface.


[名][U][C]


1 役作り, 演出, 演奏, (考えなどの)描写, 描出.


2 翻訳, 訳文


a Japanese rendering of the New Testament

新約聖書の日本語訳.


3 透視図;《建築》下塗り.

4 《コンピュータ》レンダリング:コンピュータの画像の三次元化.





out of one's depth


In water too deep to stand in:just out of our depth, we bounce down below the surface of the water

In a situation that is beyond one’s capabilities:they soon realized they were out of their depth in Division OneI find it difficult to talk in a situation like this—I’m out of my depth

gunk, bottle, cask, Q-tips, bottled water, You can't put new wine into old bottle.guzzle, next to, gas-guzzler


The global market for bottled water has grown by 9% annually in recent years


No Q-tips in sight
30 ear-cleaning masters from China signed a petition in hope of turning…
DAILYM.AI


Q-tips®

www.qtips.com/

High quality Q-tips cotton swabs are made from 100% pure cotton and perfect for a variety of uses! Get great tips and learn about our products here.

"The worst thing you can do to an industry struggling right now is to let them lapse back into making gas-guzzlers," said Ann Mesnikoff, director of the Sierra Club's green transportation campaign. "Oil prices are down now, but in three to five years, they'll be up, and the automakers will be making vehicles the public won't buy."

On the Cover of the Sunday Book Review


By ELIZABETH ROYTE
Reviewed by LISA MARGONELLI
Elizabeth Royte asks why Americans spend billions on bottled water when they can guzzle tap water for next to nothing.

Rethinking the Meat-Guzzler

guzzle
verb [I or T] INFORMAL ━━ v. がぶがぶ飲む, がつがつ食べる ((away, down, up)).
to eat or drink quickly, eagerly and usually in large amounts:
I'm not surprised you feel sick after guzzling three ice-creams!
You're bound to get indigestion if you guzzle like that!

guzzler
noun [C] INFORMAL
She's a real guzzler!gas guzzler noun [C] MAINLY US INFORMAL
a car that uses a lot of fuel

gas-guzzling
adjective [before noun]
next to
1 used when describing two people or things that are very close to each other with nothing between them:
Can I sit next to the window?
There was a really strange man standing next to me at the station.

2 used to mean `after' when making a choice or a comparison:
I'd say cheese is my favourite food and, next to that, chocolate (= Cheese is the only food that I like more than chocolate).

3 almost:
They pay me next to nothing (= very little) but I really enjoy the work.
It's next to impossible (= extremely difficult) to find somewhere cheap to live in the city centre.
We got home in next to no time (= very little time).




gunk
(gŭngk) pronunciation
n. Informal
A thick greasy substance.

[After Gunk, a trademark for a degreasing solvent.]
(gungk)

noun
Any sticky or greasy residue or accumulation.

Etymology
Originally a trademark name for a degreasing solvent.
Usage
"`I carry a bottle wherever I go,' the 25-year-old said Tuesday while on the job at Gold's Gym in Westport. `It's so portable, and you never know what gunk is in those water pipes.'" — David Klepper, Dental group says bottled water can lack fluoride, Kansas City Star, Jun 21, 2000.



You can't put new wine into old bottle.

With allusion to matthew ix. 17 (AV) Neither do men put new wine into old bottles: else the bottles break, and the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish. The idea is also expressed allusively as a metaphorical phrase.
The new spirits had animated the prose of Chateaubriand and the poetry of Lamartine; but‥the form of both these writers retained most of the important characteristics of the old tradition. It was new wine in old bottles.
[1912 L. Strachey Landmarks in French Literature vi.]
The new wines of industrialism and democracy have been poured into old bottles and they have burst the old bottles beyond repair.
[1948 A. J. Toynbee Civilization on Trial vi.]
‘I don't think you can put new wine in old bottles.’ I looked doubtful. ‥‘A lot of this could be rationalized.’
[1960 I. Jefferies Dignity & Purity viii.]
‘Motives?‥Good old-fashioned lust.’ ‘That hardly explains the explosive nature of his end.’‥‘You can't put new wine in old bottles.’
[1974 T. Sharpe Porterhouse Blue x.]
Related to: innovation


bottle,

(bŏt'l) pronunciation
n.
  1. A receptacle having a narrow neck, usually no handles, and a mouth that can be plugged, corked, or capped.
  2. The quantity that a bottle holds.
  3. A receptacle filled with milk or formula that is fed, as to babies, in place of breast milk.
  4. Informal.
    1. Intoxicating liquor: Don't take to the bottle.
    2. The practice of drinking large quantities of intoxicating liquor: Her problem is the bottle.
tr.v., -tled, -tling, -tles.
  1. To place in a bottle.
  2. To hold in; restrain: bottled up my emotions.
[Middle English botel, from Old French botele, from Medieval Latin butticula, diminutive of Late Latin buttis, cask.]
bottler bot'tler n.

2017年3月28日 星期二

modality, modalities, physiology, colloid, face-smashing caper


A most un-Canadian caper

Dec 4th 2008 | OTTAWA
From Economist.com
Canada’s prime minister clings on to office, for the moment

The Toronto International Film Festival got going with a face-smashing, belly-laughing gangster caper from a director best known as Madonna’s husband.




"Religion works exactly like a drug—like cocaine, or methamphetamine—or like music, or like romantic love. The physiology is really the same."


It's like going off a drug.
TONIC.VICE.COM




Physiology is the study of normal function within living creatures. It is a sub-section of biology, covering a range of topics that include organs, anatomy, cells, biological compounds, and how they all interact to make life possible.Aug 12, 2016

Introduction to Physiology: History And Scope - Medical News Today
www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248791.php







modality 之20世紀新義



查 Shorter O.E.D.,modality 這字眼,它在20世紀至少有三相關之新義:

一種(特別指不用藥的)治療的方法或技術,例如熱敷等等的 sensible modalities;

----

在政治或外交上的一種程序或方法(譬如說兩德之合併 The modalities of Germany unification must flow from the will of German people.)

modalities 【這是另外一本辭典之例】

The ceremonial forms, protocols, or conditions that surround formal agreements or negotiations: "[He] grew so enthusiastic about our prospects that he began to speculate on the modalities of signing" (Henry A. Kissinger).

----

行為或行動方式

A Jewish survivalist….tolerant of any modality of Jewish existence…identifiable Jewish.


******
  1. The fact, state, or quality of being modal.
  2. A tendency to conform to a general pattern or belong to a particular group or category.
  3. Logic. The classification of propositions on the basis of whether they assert or deny the possibility, impossibility, contingency, or necessity of their content. Also called mode.
  4. modalities The ceremonial forms, protocols, or conditions that surround formal agreements or negotiations: [He] grew so enthusiastic about our prospects that he began to speculate on the modalities of signing” (Henry A. Kissinger).
  5. Medicine. A therapeutic method or agent, such as surgery, chemotherapy, or electrotherapy, that involves the physical treatment of a disorder.
  6. Physiology. Any of the various types of sensation, such as vision or hearing.

modality
  • 1. 様式(を有すること)
  • 2. 《論理学》〔様相論理学{ようそう ろんりがく}の〕様相{ようそう}◆【同】mood ; mode
  • 3. 《言語学》(叙)法性{ほうせい}
  • 4. 〔政治的交渉などの〕手順
  • 5. 《医》モダリティ◆X 線、超音波、MRI など、医療用画像における撮画手段
face-smashing
有兩種可能
一是讓你感覺如面被球"扁"
或雙關


smash (SUCCESSFUL FILM/SONG) Show phonetics
noun [C]
an extremely popular and successful song, play or film:
This CD contains all the latest smash hits.
Her first movie was an international box-office smash.

ca・per1

n.
  1. A playful leap or hop.
  2. A frivolous escapade or prank.
  3. Slang. An illegal plot or enterprise, especially one involving theft.



  


━━ vi., n. 跳ね回る(こと); 悪ふざけ; 〔俗〕 悪事, 犯罪行為.

 cut capers [a caper] 跳ね回る; ふざけ回る.

colloid

(kŏl'oid') pronunciation
n.膠體 膠狀 膠質
  1. Chemistry.
    1. A system in which finely divided particles, which are approximately 10 to 10,000 angstroms in size, are dispersed within a continuous medium in a manner that prevents them from being filtered easily or settled rapidly.
    2. The particulate matter so dispersed.
  2. Physiology. The gelatinous product of the thyroid gland, consisting mainly of thyroglobulin, which serves as the precursor and storage form of thyroid hormone.
  3. Pathology. Gelatinous material resulting from colloid degeneration in diseased tissue.
adj.
Of, relating to, containing, or having the nature of a colloid.
colloidal col·loi'dal (kə-loid'l, kŏ-) adj.
colloidally col·loi'dal·ly adv.



中垣 正幸氏(なかがき・まさゆき=京都大名誉教授・コロイ ド界面化学)23日午後6時13分、下いん頭がんのた め京都市北区の病院で死去、85歳。

コロイド - Wikipedia


コロイド(colloid)またはコロイド分散体(colloidal dispersion)は、一方が微小な液滴あるいは微粒子を形成し(分散相)、他方に分散した2組の相から構成された物質状態

colloid chemistry


(¦käl′öid ′kem·ə·strē) (physical chemistry) The scientific study of matter whose size is approximately 10 to 10,000 angstroms (1 to 1000 nanometers), and which exists as a suspension in a continuous medium, especially a liquid, solid, or gaseous substance.

wince, recruiting ground, offer one's hand

After Terrorist Attack, a British City Linked to Jihadis Winces and Asks Why

By KATRIN BENNHOLD and KIMIKO de FREYTAS-TAMURA

Birmingham, Britain's second-largest city, with a large Muslim population, has become known as a recruiting ground. Muslim residents resent the stigma but acknowledge the problem.

Democrats, Buoyed by G.O.P. Health Defeat, See No Need to Offer Hand

By JONATHAN MARTIN

The party, in its best position since its loss in the November election, is newly optimistic about picking up seats in 2018, hoping to ride a backlash against President Trump.



wince

to show pain suddenly and for a short time in the face, often movingthe head back at the same time:
Did I hurt you? - I thought I saw you wince.
It makes me wince even thinking about eye operations.


Define recruiting ground: a place for obtaining, enlisting, or supplying recruits : a source of supply 

offer one's hand - Oxford Dictionaries

https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/offer_one's_hand

extend one's hand to be shaken as a sign of friendship Meaning, pronunciation, example sentences, and more from Oxford Dictionaries.

brazen, hussy, alleged, wiretap, audacity, Penitentiary, sass, rounderbum


Privacy watchdogs blasted the vote as a brazen GOP giveaway to the…
MOTHERBOARD.VICE.COM

Budget plans don’t have the force of law but they set goals and reveal priorities – and now that Republicans run both houses of Congress those goals are doubly important. As revealed in this budget, Republicans aim to reward the rich, expand the military, harm the middle class, and screw the poor. Nothing new, only slightly more extreme and brazen. Some of you still cling to the belief there's no essential difference between Republicans and Democrats. Well, you're wrong.


In 2014 the flesh-flashing choices are many and varied. When clothes get this personal, the politics are a minefield. Do you know where to start? And – more importantly – when to stop? Before you strip off, read our guide to contemporary exposure protocol (via Guardian Life & style)
The rise of the underbum: how to flash the flesh this summer
A sneaky sideboob or a brazen underbum? Before you strip off, read Jess...
THEGUARDIAN.COM|由 JESS CARTNER-MORLEY 上傳




Let's Google the hussy: Mistress of Brin a top search on own Web ... New York Post
KNOW-NO: Google founder and billionaire Sergey Brin is separated from wife Anne amid reports he bedded tech sass gal Amanda Rosenberg, an exec who ...
Mountain Climbers Killed by Gunmen in Pakistan
By SALMAN MASOOD and DECLAN WALSH 4:55 PM ET
In one of the most brazen attacks on foreigners recently, militants killed 10 tourists and their Pakistani guide.

Modesty and Audacity
By DAVID BROOKS
The self-restraint of Chief Justice John Roberts Jr. has allowed for a process of discovery and innovation to enter the health care debate.

In Prison, Play About a Trial Resonates

“The Life of Jesus Christ,” a three-and-a-half-hour production with a cast of inmates, made its debut this weekend at the Louisiana State Penitentiary. 



Rajat Gupta Seeks to Dismiss Counts and Toss Wiretaps Lawyers for Rajat K. Gupta, a former director of Goldman Sachs charged with insider trading, filed a flurry of pleadings late Tuesday seeking to dismiss counts, suppress wiretaps and force the government to clarify its indictment.
Ahmad Massoud / AP
Smoking Husk
Afghan security forces gather at the scene of a brazen attack by the Taliban in central Kabul.


Britain’s Unpopular Leader Is Ripe Target in Parliament

By SARAH LYALL
Prime Minister Gordon Brown suffered a verbal mauling at the hands, and tongues, of merciless and brazen Conservative opponents in the House of Commons.

What the Audacity of Hope Looks Like From Behind Bars
Prisoners at the Louisiana State Penitentiary were given the day off to watch Obama's inauguration -- the first time in the prison's history that inmates were free to watch a president being sworn in.



Europeans Invested Via Social Networks
Madoff built a vast base of European clients through multi-layered chains of borrowers and investors that allowed his firm's alleged fraud to remain hidden.


All the papers give top billing to news that Illinois Gov. Rod Blagojevich was arrested yesterday on wide-ranging corruption charges, including an attempt to sell President-elect Barack Obama's recently vacated Senate seat to the highest bidder. Prairie State residents might be used to seeing their executives embroiled in criminal charges--the Los Angeles Times specifies that Blagojevich is the fifth Illinois governor to be charged with criminal conduct over the last 50 years--but the arrest yesterday revealed such brazen corruption schemes "that veteran investigators and prosecutors could barely contain their revulsion," notes USA Today. Prosecutors "portrayed Blagojevich as a brazen crook," says the LAT. "The conduct would make Lincoln roll over in his grave," said U.S. attorney Patrick Fitzgerald. The Washington Post points out that by filing charges in the form of a criminal complaint, U.S. officials were able "to share more details about their investigation and the conversations they captured than would normally appear in a federal grand jury indictment."
Federal authorities have been investigating Blagojevich for more than five years and have been listening on wiretaps for the past two months that leave little to the imagination. While the Illinois governor's alleged illegal activities are far-reaching, most of the papers naturally focus on the claims that he tried to profit from his authority to name a successor for Obama in the senate. "The allegations suggest a breathtaking degree of brazenness on the part of the Illinois governor," says the Wall Street Journal, which points out the governor continued to talk about his schemes by telephone even after the Chicago Tribune reported Friday that his phone lines had been tapped.

Mexico’s War Against Drugs Kills Its Police

By JAMES C. McKINLEY Jr.
President Felipe Calderón’s vow to clean up police corruption and end drug-related violence has turned into a street war in which no target has been too big and no attack too brazen for the gangs.
Louisiana Governor Pierces Business as Usual
By ADAM NOSSITER
Six weeks into the term of Gov. Bobby Jindal, an extensive package of ethics bills was approved, signaling a shift in the political culture of a state proud of its brazen style.


wiretap

verb [I/T]
to secretly listen to (people) by connecting a listening device to their telephone, or to attach a listening device to (a telephone) for this purpose

The court gave permission to have his phone wiretapped to gather evidence.

wiretap
noun [C]

The government put a wiretap on his phone.

audacious
adjective
showing a willingness to take risks or offend people:
He described the plan as ambitious and audacious.
an audacious remark/suggestion

audaciously
adverb

audaciousness
noun [U]

audacity
noun [U]
[+ to infinitive] It took a lot of audacity (= bravery) to stand up and criticize the chairman.
DISAPPROVING He had the audacity (= rudeness) to blame me for his mistake.

brazen
adjective
obvious, without any attempt to be hidden:
There were instances of brazen cheating in the exams.
He told me a brazen lie.

bra·zen (brā'zən
adj.
  1. Marked by flagrant and insolent audacity. See synonyms at shameless.
  2. Having a loud, usually harsh, resonant sound: “sudden brazen clashes of the soldiers' band” (James Joyce).
  3. Made of brass.
  4. Resembling brass, as in color or strength.
tr.v., -zened, -zen·ing, -zens.
To face or undergo with bold self-assurance: brazened out the crisis.
[Middle English brasen, made of brass, from Old English bræsen, from bræs, brass.]
brazenly bra'zen·ly adv.
brazenness bra'zen·ness n.


allege
verb [T] FORMAL
to state that someone has done something illegal or wrong without giving proof:
[+ (that)] The two men allege (that) the police forced them to make false confessions.
[+ to infinitive] Mr Smythe is alleged to have been at the centre of an international drugs ring.
[+ that] It was alleged that Johnson had struck Mr Rahim on the head.

alleged 
adjective FORMAL
It took 15 years for the alleged criminals (= people thought to be criminals) to prove their innocence.

allegedly 
adverb FORMAL
That's where he allegedly killed his wife.


bra・zen
━━ a. 真鍮(ちゅう)製[色]の; (真鍮を鳴らしたように)いやにけたたましい, うるさい; ずうずうしい.
━━ vt. 厚かましくやる.

brazen it out [through] ずうずうしくやってのける.

brazen-faced ━━ a. つらの皮の厚い.

bra・zen・ly ━━ ad. 厚かましく.

bra・zen・ness ━━ n. 厚かましさ.


Definition of brazen
adjective
1 bold and without shame:he went about his illegal business with a brazen assurance a brazen hussy
2 literary or archaic made of brass: brazen fire irons
harsh in sound:the music’s brazen chords

verb

[with object] (brazen something out)
endure an embarrassing or difficult situation by behaving with apparent confidence and lack of shame:there was nothing to do but brazen it out

penitentiary[pen・i・ten・tia・ry]

発音記号[pènəténʃəri]
[名]
1 ((米))(州・連邦の)(重罪)刑務所.
2 《カトリック》ローマ聖庁裁判所, 内赦院

the Grand Penitentiary
内赦院長.
━━[形]
1 ((米))(罪で)刑務所で罰せられるべき.

2 悔悛(かいしゅん)の, 後悔した.




hussy British & World English

…an impudent or immoral girl or woman…

sass British & World English

…impudence; cheek…