2019年5月22日 星期三

occlusion, bite, slackening, smarting, tipster, take/bite the bullet, bite the hand that feeds, anaesthesia, anaesthetise


The NRA is battling to maintain its designation as a charity and thus its tax-free status. Without those advantages the gun lobby, which is secretive about its finances and debt, could go broke

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ECONOMIST.COM



Sir Thomas Wyatt (1503 – 11 October 1542) was probably the first great poet who wrote in what is recognizably early-modern English (as distinct from Middle English). Here is his poem after the execution of Thomas Cromwell, his friend:
The piller pearisht is whearto I Lent
the strongest staye of myne unquyet mynde
The lyke of it no man agayne can fynde
From East to west still seking thoughe he went
To myne unhappe for happe away hath rent
Of all my joye the vearye bark and rynde
And I (alas) by chaunce am thus assynde
Dearlye to moorne till death do it relent
but syns that thus it is by destenye
What can I more but have a wofull hart
My penne in playnt, my voyce in wofull crye
My mynde in woe, my bodye full of smart
And I my self, my self alwayes to hate
Till dreadfull death, do ease my dolefull state

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Activists 'horrified' at Taiwan executions
BBC News
Taiwan has executed six prisoners, the second time in six months a group of six has been put to death. The ministry of justice said the prisoners were anaesthetised and then shot. Reports said most of them were responsible for multiple killings. Anti ...
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BBC News
 A Second Tipster Emerges
Prosecutors acknowledged that senior Goldman Sachs salesman David Loeb shared information about three technology companies with Rajaratnam.



Japan corp mood up but exports slow as yen bites
 TOKYO, Aug 18 (Reuters) - Japan's business mood improved in August and is expected to brighten further as manufacturers restore output to pre-disaster levels, a Reuters poll showed, but a rising yen and slackening foreign demand have started taking their toll on exports. 

Google's Washington Night
By BROOKS BARNES


A few media executives, still smarting over the role Google played in defeating antipiracy legislation this year, see its presence at the White House Correspondents' Association annual dinner as a victory lap.

Van Gogh: A Life






bite the hand that feeds (one)
  1. To repay generosity or kindness with ingratitude and injury.
[Middle English biten, from Old English bītan.]






anaesthetize

Pronunciation: /əˈniːsθətʌɪz/

(also anaesthetise, US anesthetize)
Translate anaesthetize | into French | into Italian | into Spanish
Definition of anaesthetize



verb

[with object]
  • administer an anaesthetic to (a person or animal), especially so as to induce a loss of consciousness: I was called to Casualty to anaesthetize a patient
  • deprive of feeling or awareness:the feeling of numb unreality persisted and anaesthetized me




Derivatives


anaesthetization

Pronunciation: /-ˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/

noun

bite
(bīt) pronunciation

v., bit (bĭt), bit·ten (bĭt'n), or bit, bit·ing, bites. v.tr.
  1. To cut, grip, or tear with or as if with the teeth.
    1. To pierce the skin of with the teeth, fangs, or mouthparts.
    2. To sting with a stinger.
  2. To cut into with or as if with a sharp instrument: The ax bit the log deeply.
  3. To grip, grab, or seize: bald treads that couldn't bite the icy road; bitten by a sudden desire to travel.
  4. To eat into; corrode.
  5. To cause to sting or be painful: cold that bites the skin; a conscience bitten by remorse.
v.intr.
  1. To grip, cut into, or injure something with or as if with the teeth.
  2. To have a stinging effect.
  3. To have a sharp taste.
  4. To take or swallow bait.
  5. To be taken in by a ploy or deception: tried to sell the Brooklyn Bridge, but no one bit.
  6. Vulgar Slang. To be highly disagreeable or annoying.
n.
  1. The act of biting.
  2. A skin wound or puncture produced by an animal's teeth or mouthparts: the bite of an insect.
    1. A stinging or smarting sensation.
    2. An incisive, penetrating quality: the bite of satire.
  3. An amount removed by or as if by an act of biting: Rezoning took a bite out of the town's residential area.
  4. An excerpt or fragment taken from something larger, such as a film.
    1. An amount of food taken into the mouth at one time; a mouthful.
    2. Informal. A light meal or snack.
  5. The act or an instance of taking bait: fished all day without a bite; an ad that got a few bites but no final sales.
    1. A secure grip or hold applied by a tool or machine upon a working surface.
    2. The part of a tool or machine that presses against and maintains a firm hold on a working surface.
  6. Dentistry. The angle at which the upper and lower teeth meet; occlusion.咬合歯学
  7. The corrosive action of acid upon an etcher's metal plate.
  8. Slang. An amount of money appropriated or withheld: trying to avoid the tax bite.
idioms:
bite off more than (one) can chew
  1. To decide or agree to do more than one can finally accomplish.
bite (someone's) head off
  1. To respond to a comment in an angry or reproachful way.
bite the bullet Slang.
  1. To face a painful situation bravely and stoically.
take a/the bullet (for someone) 1. Literally, to jump in front of and absorb the impact of a bullet from a gun being fired at someone else. It's one of the basic duties of bodyguards to take the bullet for their clients if someone tries to kill them. 2.



bite the dust Slang.
  1. To fall dead, especially in combat.
  2. To be defeated.
  3. To come to an end.
bite the hand that feeds (one)
  1. To repay generosity or kindness with ingratitude and injury.
[Middle English biten, from Old English bītan.]
bitable bit'a·ble or bite'a·ble adj.
biter bit'er n.
SYNONYMS bite, champ, chomp, gnaw. These verbs mean to seize and tear or grind something with the teeth: bite into a ripe apple; a horse champing at its bit; a cow chomping its hay; a dog gnawing a bone.


"Occlusion" is one of many English terms derived from "claudere." Some others are "recluse," "seclusion," and "exclude." An occlusion occurs when something has been closed up or blocked off. Almost all heart attacks are the result of the occlusion of a coronary (heart) artery by a blood clot.
(occlusion)






Bite the bullet


Meaning
Accept the inevitable impending hardship and endure the resulting pain with fortitude.

bit the bulletThe most frequently cited origin of the alleged 'biting the bullet' practice is the American Civil War. This seems rather improbable, as effective anaesthesia using ether and chloroform was introduced in 1846/47 and ether was issued to U.S. military surgeons as early as 1849 - well before the US Civil War began in 1861. The photograph to the right shows, albeit not too clearly, a patient undergoing amputation in a US Civil War field hospital, with a cloth, presumably soaked in ether/chloroform, held near his mouth. It doesn't look like much fun but, given the choice, and apparently they were, surely patients would prefer unconsciousness to bullet chewing.


 tipster

 (tĭp'stər) pronunciation
n. Informal
One who sells tips or information, as to bettors or speculators.

smart
[形](〜・er, 〜・est)

1 ((主に米))賢い, 利口な;〈演説・答弁などが〉才気のある, 機知に富んだ, 効果的な;(取引などで)抜け目のない. ⇒INTELLIGENT[類語]
a smart pupil
頭脳明晰(めいせき)な生徒
a smart politician
如才ない政治家.
2 〈人・話し方などが〉ずうずうしい, 生意気な, 小しゃくな
You are too damn smart.
おまえはまったく生意気だね.
3 ((英))(身なりなどが)きちんと整った, さっそうとした;おしゃれな;(社交的に)洗練された, あかぬけした;上流の;流行の
a smart restaurant
あかぬけしたレストラン
She wears smart clothes.
しゃれた服装をしている.
4 〈動作などが〉きびきびした, 活発な, 機敏な, てきぱきした
walk at a smart pace
きびきびした歩調で歩く.
5 〈痛みなどが〉鋭い, 激しい
I have a smart pain in my knee.
ひざがずきずき痛む.
6 〈打撃などが〉強い, 激烈な
She gave him a smart rap on the knuckles.
(罰として)指関節を強く打った.
7 〈機械などが〉スマートな:コンピュータ制御により状況に応じた対応をする
a smart building [house]
スマートビル[ハウス](空調・給湯・旋錠などを中央コンピュータ制御で行えるビルや家).
8 〈薬剤が〉頭脳の働きを高める, スマートな
a smart drink
スマートドリンク, 頭のよくなる飲み物
a smart bar
スマートバー(smart drinksなどを出すバー).
9 ((主に方言))かなりの, 相当の.
(as) smart as a whip
すごく頭が切れる.
Look smart!
急げ, 早く(make haste).
Nobody likes a smart-ass.
((米卑))利口ぶったことを言うな, 何を偉そうな.
━━[副]きびしく, 激しく;手早く;小ぎれいに;賢く
play it smart
((主に米略式))てきぱき行動する.
━━[動](自)
1 (言葉などで)感情を害する, 傷つく((from, at ...));(…のために)傷心する((under, over ...))
smart from a reprimand
懲戒を受けて憤慨する
smart at a person's remarks
人の言葉に憤慨する.
2 (…を)後悔する;(…の報いを受けて)苦しむ((for ...))
He will smart for his neglect.
怠慢を後悔するだろう.
3 〈傷・体の部分などが〉(…で)痛む, うずく((from, with ...))
His eyes smarted from the gas.
ガスがしみて目がちくちくした.
4 〈外用薬などが〉ひりひりする, しみる;〈打撃などが〉痛みを与える.
━━(他)…をずきずき痛ませる.
━━[名]
1 [U]心の痛み, 苦悩, 悲痛.
2 [U][C](傷・打撲などによる)痛み, うずき, 疼痛(とうつう)
the smart of the burn
やけどがひりひり痛むこと.
3 ((〜s))((米略式))知性, 分別
Use your smarts.
頭を使え.

bite off more than (one) can chew
  1. To decide or agree to do more than one can finally accomplish.
bite (someone's) head off
  1. To respond to a comment in an angry or reproachful way.
bite the bullet Slang.
  1. To face a painful situation bravely and stoically.
bite the dust Slang.
  1. To fall dead, especially in combat.
  2. To be defeated.
  3. To come to an end.
bite the hand that feeds (one)
  1. To repay generosity or kindness with ingratitude and injury.
[Middle English biten, from Old English bītan.]
bitable bit'a·ble or bite'a·ble adj.
biter bit'er n.
SYNONYMS bite, champ, chomp, gnaw. These verbs mean to seize and tear or grind something with the teeth: bite into a ripe apple; a horse champing at its bit; a cow chomping its hay; a dog gnawing a bone.

[動](bit, bit・ten or bit)(他)
1III[名]([副])]…をかむ, にかみ[食い]つく, 〈虫・蛇などが〉…を刺す, かむ;〈カニが〉…をはさむ;…をかみ切る, かんで裂く((off, out));…を(歯で)くわえる
The tiger bit off his finger.
トラが彼の指を食いちぎった
The dog bit me in the hand.
犬が私の手にかみついた
The dog bit a hole in the sofa.
犬がかんでソファーに穴をあけた
Once bitten [bit], twice shy.
((ことわざ)) あつものに懲(こ)りてなますを吹く.
2 〈寒さ・風などが〉…にしみる;〈コショウなどが〉〈舌などを〉刺激する;〈霜などが〉〈植物などを〉いためる
a cold wind that bites the face
顔を刺すような寒風.
3 〈歯車・車輪などが〉…とかみ合う;〈錨(いかり)が〉〈海底に〉かかる;〈刀などが〉…に切り込む;〈物を〉しっかり固定する[締めつける].
4 〈酸などが〉〈金属を〉腐食する.
5 ((通例受身))((略式))〈人を〉だます
I got bitten in a swindle.
詐欺にひっかかった.
6 ((略式))〈人を〉困らせる, 怒らせる
What's biting you?
何が気に入らないんだ, 何を悩んでるんだ.
7 ((米俗))〈人に〉フェラチオする.
8 ((米俗))〈人に〉(金などを)せびる, 借りる((for ...)).
━━(自)(←(他))
1I([副])]刺す;かむ, かみ[食い]つく;((比喩))(人に)かみつく((at, on ...))
The dog may bite at you.
その犬はかみつくかもしれないよ
Ask your boss−he won't bite.
上司に尋ねてみれば. かみついたりしないよ.
2 〈寒さ・風が〉しみる;〈コショウなどが〉ぴりぴりする;〈皮肉などが〉こたえる
His words bit deeply into my conscience.
彼の言葉は私の良心に痛切にこたえた.
3 〈魚が〉餌(えさ)に食いつく;((略式))〈人が〉(いんちきな)申し出に飛びつく, だまされる.
4 (なぞ・難問が)解けないと認める, 降参する
I'll bite, what is it?
降参するよ, それは何.
5 〈ブレーキ・ねじ・政策などが〉有効に働く[きく];〈歯車などが〉かむ;(…を)腐食する((into ...))
Acids bite into metals.
酸は金属を腐食する.
be bitten with [by] ...
〈人が〉…にかぶれている, 夢中である, 凝(こ)る.
bite back
(自)かみ返す.
━━(他)
[bite ... back/bite back ...]
(1) …にかみ返す.
(2) 〈出かかった言葉・涙・あくびなどを〉ぐっとこらえる.
bite into ...
(1) ⇒(自)5
(2) …に食い込む;〈人が〉…をがぶりとかむ.
Bite me [my ass]!
((米俗))だまれ;失せろ, くたばれ.
bite off more than one can chew
力に余ることを企てる.
come back and bite a person (in the ass)
(自分のしたことなどが)あとで災いとなって戻ってくる, しっぺ返しをする
That'll come back and bite you in the ass.
そんなことをしてあとでしっぺ返しをくらうよ.
have something to bite on
取り組む問題がある.
━━[名]
1 かむこと;(魚が)餌に食いつくこと
monkey [hickey] bite
キスマーク
take a bite at the bait
餌に食いつく
I got several bites but could not hook a fish.
何回か当たりはあったが針にはかからなかった.
2 かみ[刺し]傷;(虫などに)刺された跡;[U](切り傷などの)痛み, 激痛;[U](食べ物などの)ひりひりする味, にがい味;[U](風などの)冷たさ;[U](文体・冗談などの)痛烈さ, 辛らつさ, ききめ;((of ...))
a deep bite
深いかみ傷
the bite of the original
原作のぴりっとした味
His remark had bite.
彼の言葉にはとげがあった.
3 ((通例a 〜))((話))(かみ取った)1片;(食べ物の)一口, 一口分, 少量の食事, 軽い食事
have [get, grab] a bite
軽い食事をとる
take a bite of sweet potato
サツマイモを一口食べる.
4 ((俗))(全体から切り取られた)一部分;(全額から)差し引かれる分
the tax bite
税金分.
5 (酸の)腐食作用.
6 [U]《機械》かみ合い, つかみ;食い込み.
7 ((the 〜))((俗))金;費用, 値段.
another [a second] bite at the cherry
((英))二度目のチャンス.
put the bite on ...
((米俗))〈人に〉金をせがむ;〈人から〉金をゆする.
take two bites at a cherry
失敗してやり直す.
[古英語bītan(かむ)]

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