asyndeton, hypotaxis vs parataxis

 asyndeton

(uh-SIN-di-ton, -tuhn)

noun
Omission of conjunctions, as in "I came, I saw, I conquered."

Etymology
From Late Latin, from Greek, from neuter of asyndetos (not linked), from a- + syndetos (bound together), from syndein (to bind together), from syn- + dein (to bind)

Asyndeton is a powerful device to indicate extemporaneous effect, and to add intensity or force to diction. Imagine if it were "I came, I saw, and I conquered." It's easy to see how rhythm is lost.
If you're itching to use all those conjunctions you've saved with the use of asyndeton, try polysyndeton, as in "Uncle Charlie gobbled cookies and bagels and pizza and pasta."

Usage
"The unwillingness to waste words shows up in the address's telegraphic quality -- the omission of coupling words, a technique rhetoricians call asyndeton. Triple phrases sound as to a drumbeat, with no 'and' or 'but' to slow their insistency: 'We are engaged... We are met... We have come...'" — The Words That Remade America: Lincoln at Gettysburg; The Atlantic Monthly (Boston); Jun 1992.




asyndeton

• 〔síndtn | æsínditn〕

[名][U]《修辞学》接続詞省略.

⇒PARATAXIS,

• 〔prtǽksis〕

[名][U]《文法》並列：文・節・句を接続詞なしに並べること；例Step on it, we're late already！
SYNDETONsindítn〕
[名]《文法》接続詞を含んだ構文.


hy·po·tax·is (hī'pə-tăk'sĭs)
n. Grammar
The dependent or subordinate relationship of clauses with connectives.

[Greek hupotaxis, subjection, from hupotassein, to arrange under : hupo-, hypo- + tassein, tag-, to arrange.]

hypotactic hy'po·tac'tic (-tăk'tĭk) adj.


par·a·tax·is (păr'ə-tăk'sĭs)
n.
The juxtaposition of clauses or phrases without the use of coordinating or subordinating conjunctions, as It was cold; the snows came.

[Greek, a placing side by side, from paratassein, to arrange side by side : para-, beside; see para-¹ + tassein, tag-, to arrange.]

paratactic par'a·tac'tic (-tăk'tĭk) or par'a·tac'ti·cal (-tĭ-kəl) adj.
paratactically par'a·tac'ti·cal·ly adv.


讀Reading Thackeray's 'Vanity Fair' With the Illustrations Intact By VERLYN KLINKENBORG，其實OUP的版本就有全面三種原圖。

該文以印度大象上的英國小官為例。查出下例：
「3. Boggley Wollah is situated in a fine, lonely, marshy, jungly district, famous for snipe-shooting.
卜克雷沃拉所在的地區風景很美，可是人跡罕至，濕潤而多樹，大家常到那裏打竹雞，因此出了名。(楊莉藜英漢互譯教程 河南大學出版社)」

引出一段學習：
hypotaxis vs parataxis
"就技術層面上的對比，英語強調形合（hypotaxis），漢語強調意合（parataxis），這是已故的王力先生所譯。"
形合(hypotaxis，粘連語式)與意合(parataxis，斷置語式)，是對比語言學研究和翻譯學研究的重要課題之一。
形合 法/連接， 西語多用，例如：
He dictated the letter and she wrote it.

意合 法/連接漢語：指分句或句子不用連接辭而靠意義連帶
He dictated the letter; She wrote it.
--
「形合」是指詞語或語句之間的連接，主要依仗連接詞或語言形態手段來實現，其實質是指"關聯詞的撐持"；「意合」則指詞語或語句之間的連接，主要憑藉助詞、語句意義或語句間邏輯關係來實現，其實質是指"關聯詞的排除"。（張思潔 形合與意合的哲學思辨， hc稍改）
漢語重意合（parataxis），英語重形合（hypotaxis），英譯漢時，譯文中可省略不必要的代詞、冠詞、介詞、連接詞等。