2014年6月7日 星期六

jokey, unfenced, fair dinkum,fence-mending, exhort, outpouring, strike a conciliatory tone, deer-in-the-headlights

In Memoir, Hillary Clinton Emphasizes Softer Side
In “Hard Choices,” Mrs. Clinton shows a side of herself that campaign did not: human, motherly, jokey.


So far, at least, the Obama administration’s response to the outpouring of hate on the right has had a deer-in-the-headlights quality. It’s as if officials still can’t wrap their minds around the fact that things like this can happen to people who aren’t named Clinton, as if they keep expecting the nonsense to just go away.


deer-in-the-headlights

A mental state of high arousal caused by anxiety fear, panic, surprise and/or confusion, or substance abuse. ...



Today such concerns lie at the heart of an agitated national debate spurred by a number of tragedies over the past few years. In 2011 a toddler known as Yue Yue was knocked down by two different vehicles on a busy street in Foshan, a boom city in Guangdong province in southern China. The vehicles did not stop. Eighteen people walked by before a humble scrap-collector picked her up. She later died in hospital. The episode was caught on surveillance camera and published online. It led to a public outpouring, with millions posting their outrage on microblogs.



Fair dinkum
Meaning

Honest; genuine; fair play.

Origin

Fair dinkumThere could hardly be a more Southern Hemisphere expression than 'fair dinkum'. The phrase, which is hardly used outside Australia and New Zealand, conjures up images of horny-handed ranchers with corks on their hats. A 'fair-dinkum Aussie' is indeed what the locals call someone who embodies the nation's values. So, where did the phrase originate? Alice Springs? Auckland? No, Lincolnshire in England. That claim will take a little justifying, especially to readers down under, so here goes.
Firstly, let's get out of the way the folk-etymological tale that the phrase derives from the expression 'din gum', used by Chinese miners with the meaning ‘real gold’. My Chinese is less than perfect and I can't comment on whether or not 'real gold' is a correct translation, but I can say that there's no evidence to link the phrase to China. There is, however, a mining connection in the phrase's background.
'Dinkum' is a slang term that appears to have grown up with two meanings, 'work' and 'fair play'. These may in fact be drawn from one original meaning, that is, 'honest toil'. The 'work' meaning of dinkum is found in print in documents from both Australia and the UK in the late 19th century, the earliest being in the classic Australian novel Robbery under Arms, published by Thomas Alexander Browne, using the pseudonym Rolf Boldrewood, in 1888. It also appears in Sidney Addy's Glossary of Words Used in the Neighbourhood of Sheffield, 1891:
‘I can stand plenty o' dincum.’ This word is used by colliers at Eckington. [Eckington is in East Derbyshire]
The 'honesty' or 'fair play' meaning is what people now mean by the phrase. The 'fair' was added to dinkum for emphasis, much in the same way that it was added to 'square' to make 'fair and square'. The 'fair play' meaning was known in England from at least 1882, as in this example from a report of a political meeting in Lincoln, reported in theNottingham Evening Post, February 1882. The paper reports the opinions of Richard Hall, a local magistrate who was complaining about the unfair policies of the Gladstone government, which he believed favoured the wealthy:
In all of these things he thought there should be fair 'dinkum' to all classes of people.
'Fair dinkum' also appeared in Australia, in the Sydney newspaper The Bulletin, in 1894.
'Fair dinkum' was used by the colliers of the UK's East Midlands from the 1880s and by Australians from a few years later. In the late 19th century, in addition to the numerous criminals who were transported, many mineworkers migrated from England to Australia, taking their working language with them. Significantly as far as the derivation of this phrase is concerned, the direction of migration was very much one way and few migrants ever came back.

Honoring the Dead, Obama Reminds Nation It Is at War

President Obama used his Memorial Day address to exhort Americans to honor their obligation to veterans, and to remind the country that “our nation is still at war.”

Obama Exhorts Congress on Jobs Plan
Violent Protests in Egypt Pit Thousands Against Police
By DAVID D. KIRKPATRICK and LIAM STACK

An outpouring on the streets of Cairo on Saturday was the strongest rebuke yet against attempts by Egypt's military to grant itself permanent governmental powers.
Obama Seeks to Mend Fences and Win Back Wall St. Cash
By NICHOLAS CONFESSORE

President Obama has started an aggressive push to win back the allegiance of a vital source of campaign donations in 2008.


Greece seals bailout deal
Greece reached a historic deal with the EU and IMF for a three-year, €110 billion ($146.5 billion) bailout, as the country's prime minister exhorted his nation to bear the harsh sacrifices needed to mend broken public finances.


Patrick McGurn, special counsel of RiskMetrics Group, which advises institutional investors on governance and proxy issues, said Google has some fence-mending to do, as there may be an outpouring of discontent at the company's annual shareholder meeting, which is usually held in May.


A Slim Victory Has Bloomberg Mending Fences
By MICHAEL BARBARO and DAVID W. CHEN
Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg, stung by a narrow election victory, moved to strike a conciliatory tone with Democrats, but made clear that he was still in charge.

tone noun (VOICE EXPRESSION)

/təʊn/US pronunciation symbol/toʊn/ n
[U] a quality in the voice which expresses the speaker's feelings or thoughts, often towards the person being spoken to
I tried to use a sympathetic tone of voice.
Don't speak to me in that tone of voice (= angrily), young lady!
It wasn't so much what she said that annoyed me - it was her tone.

tones

literary
the quality of someone's voice
She recounted the story to me in shocked tones (= in a shocked voice).
For more than half a century, the reassuring tones of BBC newscasters have informed British television viewers about world events.

tone noun (GENERAL MOOD)

/təʊn/US pronunciation symbol/toʊn/ n
[S] the general mood or main qualities of something
I didn't like the jokey tone of the article - I thought it inappropriate.
Trust you to lower the tone of the evening by telling vulgar jokes, Martin!
Well, I thought it might raise the moral tone of the evening if I invited a vicar to the party.
He was in a very bad mood when he arrived, and that set the tone for the whole meeting.

fence mending 

n [U]
when you try to improve the relationship between two opposing sides in a disagreement and help them to agree
Fence mending is what she is best at; she's a wonderful listener.

fence-mending

adjective
/ˈfent sˌmen.dɪŋ/ adj [before noun]
The UN Secretary General is on a fence-mending mission.



fence mending noun [U]
when you try to improve the relationship between two opposing sides in a disagreement and help them to agree:
Fence mending is what she is best at; she's a wonderful listener.

fence-mending Show phonetics
adjective [before noun]
The UN Secretary General is on a fence-mending mission.



exhort

Pronunciation: /ɪgˈzɔːt, ɛg-/
Translate exhort | into German | into Italian
Definition of exhort



verb

[with object and infinitive]
  • strongly encourage or urge (someone) to do something:I exhorted her to be a good child [with direct speech]:‘Come on, you guys,’ exhorted Linda



Derivatives





exhortative


Pronunciation: /-tətɪv/
adjective




exhortatory


Pronunciation: /-tət(ə)ri/
adjective




exhorter

noun

Origin:

late Middle English: from Old French exhorter or Latin exhortari, from ex- 'thoroughly' + hortari 'encourage'

exhort [ex・hort]

  • レベル:社会人必須
  • 発音記号[igzɔ'ːrt]

[動](他)((形式))〈人に〉(…(すること)を)熱心に勧める, はっぱをかける, 強く勧告する((to ..., to do))
exhort a person to live a better life
生活を改めるよう説く.
━━(自)強く勧める;勧告[訓戒]する.
[ラテン語exhortārī(ex-非常に+hortārī勧める)]
ex・hort・er
[名]勧告者;訓戒者.

jokey

Line breaks: jokey
Pronunciation: /ˈdʒəʊki 
  
/
(also joky)

ADJECTIVE (jokierjokiest)

Derivatives

jokily

ADVERB

jokiness

NOUN
outpouring
(out'pôr'ĭng, -pōr'-)
pronunciation

noun

  • something that streams out rapidly:a massive outpouring of high-energy gamma rays
  • (often outpourings) an outburst of strong emotion:outpourings of nationalist discontent
n.
  1. The act of pouring out.
  2. Something that pours out or is poured out; an outflow: an outpouring of lava; an outpouring of charges and countercharges.
[名]流出(物);((通例〜s))(感情などの)ほとばしり((of ...)).




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